Adaptive Immunity: T Cells Overview

<p>Co-stimulation provides a second signal, ensuring that the helper T cell is only activated by an appropriate antigen. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By directly killing the infected cells through the release of cytotoxic granules. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Memory T cells are responsible for providing a faster and more efficient response to subsequent encounters with the same pathogen. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Immediate hypersensitivity is a rapid response that occurs within minutes of exposure to an allergen, while delayed hypersensitivity is a slower response that takes several days to develop. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Knowing your blood type is important for blood transfusions and organ donations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To bind to antigens presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It involves memory cells that improve response on re-exposure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By recognizing self-cells as foreign, resulting in autoimmune diseases (B), By overreacting to benign substances, causing allergies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is crucial for safe blood transfusions and understanding Rh factor interactions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Agglutination (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It presents antigens to T cells for recognition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Type O (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transfusion of Rh+ blood (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Severe dehydration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Administering Rh immunoglobulin to the Rh- mother (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Recognize pathogens and produce antibodies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anti-D antigen antibodies are injected and remove fetal red blood cells. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neutrophils (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Macrophages (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antigen-presenting cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>50–70% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eosinophils (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neutrophils (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process by which T lymphocytes become activated upon binding to an MHC-antigen complex.

A rapid and non-specific immune response that provides immediate defense against pathogens.

A slower and specific immune response that develops after exposure to an antigen.

Proteins on cell surfaces that present antigens to T cells, essential for T cell activation.

The Rh factor is a blood group antigen that can affect pregnancy outcomes related to hemolytic disease in newborns.

Occur when donor RBC antigens react with recipient antibodies during transfusion.

Determines if blood transfusion will cause agglutination based on donors and recipients.

Antibodies that develop in Rh- individuals after exposure to Rh+ blood.

Condition caused by Rh incompatibility; leads to anemia and jaundice in newborn.

D antigen that determines if blood is Rh+ or Rh-.

Molecules on dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells that present exogenous antigens to activate helper T cells.

Type of T cell that is activated by MHC Class II and stimulates other immune cells.

Signaling proteins that stimulate growth and activity of immune cells, including T cells and B cells.

Molecules on all nucleated cells that present endogenous antigens to activate cytotoxic T cells.

Type of T cell activated by MHC Class I; responsible for killing infected or cancerous cells.

Rapid immune response resulting in strong reactions like rashes or anaphylaxis upon re-exposure to an antigen.

Classification of blood based on the presence of specific antigens and their compatibility for transfusion.

Antibodies injected into Rh- mothers to prevent immune response.

The process by which maternal immune system is prevented from reacting to fetal antigens.

A fetus with positive Rh factor that poses risks for Rh- mothers.

Different types of white blood cells, each with specific functions.

Cells that ingest and destroy invaders like bacteria.

White blood cells with granules, crucial for immune response.

Cells that display antigens to T cells to trigger an immune response.