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Adaptive Immune System Overview

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Questions and Answers

What distinguishes active immunity from passive immunity?

Active immunity becomes ineffective after a short period.

Active immunity is acquired through exposure to antigens. (correct)

Active immunity is solely dependent on maternal antibodies.

Active immunity involves the direct transfer of antibodies.

Which type of immunity lasts longer and may be lifelong?

Artificially acquired active immunity

Naturally acquired passive immunity

Naturally acquired active immunity (correct)

Artificially acquired passive immunity

What is the primary role of activated T cells in cell-mediated immunity?

To directly attack abnormal cells and pathogens. (correct)

To neutralize antigens in breast milk.

To produce antibodies in body fluids.

To transfer antibodies from mother to infant.

Which of the following best describes immunocompetence?

<p>The ability to produce an immune response after exposure to an antigen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes antibody-mediated immunity?

<p>It involves B cells differentiating into plasma cells to produce antibodies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Adaptive Immune System

Acquired after birth
Longer-lasting, potentially lifelong response to antigens
Two types of adaptive immunity:
- Active Immunity:
  - Develops after exposure to antigens
  - Natural: Exposure to pathogens (e.g., chickenpox)
  - Artificial: Vaccination
- Passive Immunity:
  - Antibodies from another source
  - Natural: Breast milk
  - Artificial: Antibody injection (e.g., anti-venom)

Cell-Mediated Immunity

T cells directly attack abnormal cells and pathogens
T cells are stimulated by antigens on cell surfaces
Phagocytosis involves cells engulfing and destroying pathogens
T cells stimulate the activity of B cells

Antibody-Mediated Immunity

B cells differentiate into plasma cells
Plasma cells produce antibodies
Antibodies target antigens in body fluids
Antibodies also defend against pathogens

Immunocompetence

Ability to mount an immune response after antigen exposure

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Description

Test your knowledge on the adaptive immune system, covering essential concepts such as active and passive immunity, cell-mediated immunity, and antibody-mediated immunity. Understand how T and B cells function in responding to pathogens and the importance of immunocompetence in maintaining health.