Questions and Answers
What does AAP stand for?
What is chronic periodontitis characterized by?
Slow progression, cyclic in nature.
Gingival disease that is plaque induced has _____ attachment loss.
no
What is a specific bacterial origin of non-plaque induced gingival diseases?
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What attachment loss is classified as slight or early periodontitis?
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What type of periodontitis involves attachment loss over 5 mm?
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What is a characteristic of aggressive periodontitis?
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Localized aggressive periodontitis affects most teeth?
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NUG is characterized by gingival infection with complex causes, including _____ and bleeding.
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What is the probing depth for Type III moderate periodontitis?
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Match the periodontal classification with its description:
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Study Notes
AAP Overview
- AAP stands for American Academy of Periodontology.
- Classification includes plaque-induced and non-plaque-induced gingival diseases.
- Assesses periodontitis based on location and severity.
Gingival Disease: Plaque Induced
- Characterized by no attachment loss and a stable periodontium.
- Associated with plaque and may be modified by systemic factors like hormones or blood disorders.
- Includes medication-induced gingivitis and malnutrition-related gingivitis.
Gingival Disease: Non-Plaque Induced
- Arises from specific origins: bacteria (e.g., Gonorrhea), viruses (e.g., Herpes), fungi (e.g., Candida), and genetic conditions (e.g., Hereditary Gingival Fibromatosis).
- Linked to systemic conditions (e.g., Pemphigoid) and traumatic lesions (chemical, physical, thermal).
Periodontitis Types
- Chronic periodontitis is characterized by slow progression and cyclic nature.
- Slight or early periodontitis shows 1-2 mm attachment loss with probing depths of 3-4 mm.
- Moderate periodontitis indicates attachment loss up to 4 mm, probing depths of 5-7 mm, and Class I furcation involvement.
- Severe periodontitis entails over 5 mm attachment loss, probing depths of 7 mm or greater, with mobility and Class II or III furcation involvement.
- Aggressive periodontitis displays rapid tissue destruction, typically before age 35.
Unique Periodontal Conditions
- Prepubertal periodontitis occurs from the eruption of primary teeth to puberty, leading to attachment loss, particularly in generalized forms.
- Localized aggressive periodontitis in teenagers may involve Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, affecting permanent molars and incisors, coinciding with puberty.
Localization of Periodontal Issues
- "Localized" refers to less than 30% of sites affected, while "generalized" indicates more than 30% of sites influenced.
Systemic Disease Manifestations
- Hematologic disorders (e.g., leukemia) and genetic disorders (e.g., Down syndrome) may manifest as gingival conditions.
Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis (NUG) & Periodontitis (NUP)
- NUG involves a complex infection with sudden onset, pain, necrosis, bleeding, and malodor.
- NUP features necrosis of gingival tissues, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone, often associated with HIV.
ADA Classification Levels
- Uses Roman numerals I-V to denote stages of periodontal disease.
- Type 0 represents no bleeding or attachment loss with healthy tissue.
Gingivitis and Periodontitis Types
- Type I (Gingivitis): No attachment loss, bleeding on probing, inflammatory changes in gingiva.
- Type II (Early Periodontitis): 1-2 mm attachment loss, probing depths 3-4 mm, may involve localized recession.
- Type III (Moderate Periodontitis): 1-4 mm attachment loss, probing depths 5-7 mm, bleeding on probing, Class I or II mobility.
- Type IV (Advanced Periodontitis): Over 5 mm attachment loss, probing depths of 7 mm or more, Grade II or III furcations.
Advanced and Refractory Periodontitis
- Type V relates to refractory and juvenile periodontitis, indicating severe destruction with probing depths greater than 7 mm and no response to conventional therapy. Immediate referral to a periodontist is necessary.
Staging of Periodontal Disease
- Stage I indicates initial periodontitis with 1-2 mm attachment loss.
- Stage II denotes moderate periodontitis with 3-4 mm loss.
- Stage III represents severe periodontitis, presenting potential for additional tooth loss.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the ADA/AAP periodontal classification system with these flashcards. Learn the definitions and key aspects of gingival diseases, including plaque-induced conditions and periodontitis details. Ideal for dental students and professionals.
