Acute Myeloid Leukemia Overview

What is a common genetic mutation associated with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)?

Which histological feature is typically seen in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia?

What type of cell is primarily affected in Myelodysplastic Syndromes?

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of AML with t(8;21)(q22;q22)?

What is a noted poor prognostic factor in AML?

In which population is AML with t(8;21)(q22;q22) primarily seen?

Which type of genetic mutation is associated with AML with inv(16)(p13.1;q22)?

What clinical condition can be related to Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia?

Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)

Primarily affects adults and arises from myeloid precursors.
Associated with genetic mutations such as t(8;21)(q22;q22) resulting in the RUNX1-RUNX1T1 fusion.
Characterized by an accumulation of immature myeloblasts.

AML with t(8;21)(q22;q22)

Predominantly affects children and presents with the RUNX1-RUNX1T1 mutation.
Histologically, shows large blasts, Auer rods, and granules indicating abnormal myeloid differentiation.

AML with inv(16)(p13.1;q22)

Occurs mainly in adults and involves the fusion of CBFB with MYH11.
Histological features include myeloblasts, monoblasts, and eosinophil precursors.
Poor prognostic indicators include high initial white blood cell (WBC) counts and KIT mutations.

Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL)

Characterized by the t(15;17)(q22;a12) translocation affecting the retinoic acid receptor-alpha.
Histology reveals abnormal promyelocytes with Auer bodies, also known as "faggot cells."
Clinical complications may include decreased WBC counts and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).

Myelodysplastic Syndromes

Features abnormal blood cell formation leading to ineffective hematopoiesis.
Histological markers include dimorphic red blood cells, ringed sideroblasts, nuclear budding, and pseudo Pelger-Huet cells.
Symptoms are often related to cytopenias and defective platelet aggregation, causing bleeding and infection risks.

This quiz explores the essential aspects of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), including its characteristics in adults and children, genetic mutations like t(8;21), and histological features. Test your knowledge on myeloid precursors, treatment implications, and associated histological images.