Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the best test for diagnosing congestive heart failure (CHF)?
What is the best test for diagnosing congestive heart failure (CHF)?
- Echo to assess ventricular walls and ejection fraction
- Chest X-ray showing Kerley B lines
- BNP levels over 100 (correct)
- Assessing New York Heart Association functional class
Which medication is considered the best for systolic heart failure?
Which medication is considered the best for systolic heart failure?
- ACE inhibitors
- Spironolactone/eplerenone
- K+ sparing diuretics
- Beta blockers (correct)
How do Kerley B lines appear on a chest X-ray for heart failure?
How do Kerley B lines appear on a chest X-ray for heart failure?
- Pericardial effusion and cardiomegaly
- Pleural effusion and peripheral edema
- Bat wing appearance in the periphery of the lungs
- Ghost white like lines in a triangular area (correct)
What is the New York Heart Association functional class 4 for CHF characterized by?
What is the New York Heart Association functional class 4 for CHF characterized by?
Which medication is recommended for diastolic heart failure treatment?
Which medication is recommended for diastolic heart failure treatment?
Which of the following symptoms is most likely to be present in left-sided heart failure?
Which of the following symptoms is most likely to be present in left-sided heart failure?
What is the hallmark finding in dilated cardiomyopathy?
What is the hallmark finding in dilated cardiomyopathy?
Which diagnostic test is the preferred choice for evaluating dilated cardiomyopathy?
Which diagnostic test is the preferred choice for evaluating dilated cardiomyopathy?
What is the most appropriate medication for mortality reduction in dilated cardiomyopathy?
What is the most appropriate medication for mortality reduction in dilated cardiomyopathy?
What population is most commonly affected by stress takotsubo cardiomyopathy?
What population is most commonly affected by stress takotsubo cardiomyopathy?
What is the gold standard diagnostic study for myocarditis?
What is the gold standard diagnostic study for myocarditis?
What medication is known to cause myocarditis?
What medication is known to cause myocarditis?
Which condition presents symptoms similar to those seen in dilated cardiomyopathy?
Which condition presents symptoms similar to those seen in dilated cardiomyopathy?
What type of heart sound is commonly heard in myocarditis?
What type of heart sound is commonly heard in myocarditis?
What is the most common cause of right-sided heart failure?
What is the most common cause of right-sided heart failure?
What is the characteristic finding in diastolic dysfunction of restrictive cardiomyopathy?
What is the characteristic finding in diastolic dysfunction of restrictive cardiomyopathy?
Which infiltrative disease is most commonly associated with restrictive cardiomyopathy?
Which infiltrative disease is most commonly associated with restrictive cardiomyopathy?
Which sign is characteristic of restrictive cardiomyopathy and involves the lack of an inspiratory decline or increase in jugular venous pressure?
Which sign is characteristic of restrictive cardiomyopathy and involves the lack of an inspiratory decline or increase in jugular venous pressure?
What is the diagnostic test of choice for evaluating non-dilated ventricles with normal thickness in restrictive cardiomyopathy?
What is the diagnostic test of choice for evaluating non-dilated ventricles with normal thickness in restrictive cardiomyopathy?
What is a characteristic finding on chest radiograph in patients with restrictive cardiomyopathy?
What is a characteristic finding on chest radiograph in patients with restrictive cardiomyopathy?
Which condition presents with transient regional left ventricular systolic dysfunction and apical left ventricular ballooning?
Which condition presents with transient regional left ventricular systolic dysfunction and apical left ventricular ballooning?
What is the mainstay of treatment for stress takotsubo cardiomyopathy?
What is the mainstay of treatment for stress takotsubo cardiomyopathy?
Which genetic disorder is characterized by inappropriate left ventricular and/or right ventricular hypertrophy with diastolic dysfunction?
Which genetic disorder is characterized by inappropriate left ventricular and/or right ventricular hypertrophy with diastolic dysfunction?
What is the most common symptom of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
What is the most common symptom of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
Which medication can worsen obstruction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy due to increased contractility?
Which medication can worsen obstruction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy due to increased contractility?
What is the main diagnostic test for acute decompensated heart failure?
What is the main diagnostic test for acute decompensated heart failure?
What is the recommended position for a patient with acute decompensated heart failure to help decrease preload?
What is the recommended position for a patient with acute decompensated heart failure to help decrease preload?
What blood pressure readings indicate elevated blood pressure?
What blood pressure readings indicate elevated blood pressure?
What is the most common cause of primary essential hypertension?
What is the most common cause of primary essential hypertension?
What is the workup for hypertension?
What is the workup for hypertension?
What is a characteristic finding in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)?
What is a characteristic finding in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)?
How does hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) typically present in preadolescent children during extreme exertion?
How does hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) typically present in preadolescent children during extreme exertion?
What is the first-line medical management for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)?
What is the first-line medical management for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)?
Which maneuver can lead to increased murmur intensity in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)?
Which maneuver can lead to increased murmur intensity in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)?
What is an alternative to surgical myomectomy for the treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)?
What is an alternative to surgical myomectomy for the treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)?
Which of the following ECG findings is consistent with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)?
Which of the following ECG findings is consistent with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)?
What should patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) avoid?
What should patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) avoid?
What is a potential echocardiographic finding in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)?
What is a potential echocardiographic finding in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)?
What is a significant difference in the murmur intensity of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) when comparing increased and decreased venous return?
What is a significant difference in the murmur intensity of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) when comparing increased and decreased venous return?
What is a potential result of an ECG in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)?
What is a potential result of an ECG in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)?
What are the common tests used to diagnose acute decompensated heart failure?
What are the common tests used to diagnose acute decompensated heart failure?
Which blood pressure readings indicate elevated blood pressure?
Which blood pressure readings indicate elevated blood pressure?
To be diagnosed with hypertension, what is the requirement for the elevated blood pressure readings?
To be diagnosed with hypertension, what is the requirement for the elevated blood pressure readings?
What is the most common cause of primary essential hypertension?
What is the most common cause of primary essential hypertension?
What is the cause of secondary hypertension?
What is the cause of secondary hypertension?
What is the blood pressure target for someone with hypertension?
What is the blood pressure target for someone with hypertension?
For a patient with isolated systolic hypertension, what is the recommended hypertensive therapy?
For a patient with isolated systolic hypertension, what is the recommended hypertensive therapy?
What is the initial hypertensive therapy for non-African-American patients with uncomplicated hypertension?
What is the initial hypertensive therapy for non-African-American patients with uncomplicated hypertension?
Which medication is recommended for a patient with hypertension and post-myocardial infarction?
Which medication is recommended for a patient with hypertension and post-myocardial infarction?
What is the preferred hypertensive therapy for a patient with diabetes mellitus or chronic kidney disease?
What is the preferred hypertensive therapy for a patient with diabetes mellitus or chronic kidney disease?
What is a potential adverse effect of loop diuretics?
What is a potential adverse effect of loop diuretics?
What is the definitive diagnosis for restrictive cardiomyopathy?
What is the definitive diagnosis for restrictive cardiomyopathy?
Which adverse effect is associated with potassium sparing diuretics?
Which adverse effect is associated with potassium sparing diuretics?
What is the management choice for postural orthostatic hypotension?
What is the management choice for postural orthostatic hypotension?
What is a common adverse effect of ACE inhibitors?
What is a common adverse effect of ACE inhibitors?
What is the most common trigger for vasovagal syncope?
What is the most common trigger for vasovagal syncope?
What is the primary mechanism of action for dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers?
What is the primary mechanism of action for dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers?
What is the hallmark symptom of vasovagal syncope?
What is the hallmark symptom of vasovagal syncope?
How is hypertensive urgency managed?
How is hypertensive urgency managed?
What is the neurologic cause of postural orthostatic hypotension?
What is the neurologic cause of postural orthostatic hypotension?
Which cardiac condition presents with transient regional left ventricular systolic dysfunction and apical left ventricular ballooning?
Which cardiac condition presents with transient regional left ventricular systolic dysfunction and apical left ventricular ballooning?
What is the main diagnostic test for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)?
What is the main diagnostic test for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)?
Which medication should be avoided in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) due to its potential to worsen obstruction?
Which medication should be avoided in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) due to its potential to worsen obstruction?
What is the characteristic symptom of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)?
What is the characteristic symptom of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)?
What is the hallmark finding in stress takotsubo cardiomyopathy?
What is the hallmark finding in stress takotsubo cardiomyopathy?
What is the most likely cause of sudden cardiac death in adolescent or preadolescent children during extreme exertion?
What is the most likely cause of sudden cardiac death in adolescent or preadolescent children during extreme exertion?
What maneuver is most likely to increase the intensity of the systolic murmur associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
What maneuver is most likely to increase the intensity of the systolic murmur associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
What is the first-line medical management for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
What is the first-line medical management for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
Which echocardiographic finding is characteristic of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
Which echocardiographic finding is characteristic of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
What should patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy avoid?
What should patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy avoid?
What is the diagnostic criteria for fever?
What is the diagnostic criteria for fever?
Which medication is first-line management for Prinzmetal angina?
Which medication is first-line management for Prinzmetal angina?
What symptom characterizes Prinzmetal angina?
What symptom characterizes Prinzmetal angina?
What should be avoided in the management of Prinzmetal angina?
What should be avoided in the management of Prinzmetal angina?
What is the cause of cocaine-induced myocardial infarction?
What is the cause of cocaine-induced myocardial infarction?
Which ECG finding is classic in cocaine-induced myocardial infarction?
Which ECG finding is classic in cocaine-induced myocardial infarction?
What drugs are considered the first-line management for cocaine-induced myocardial infarction?
What drugs are considered the first-line management for cocaine-induced myocardial infarction?
What should be avoided in the management of cocaine-induced myocardial infarction?
What should be avoided in the management of cocaine-induced myocardial infarction?
What is the most common cause of myocarditis?
What is the most common cause of myocarditis?
Which of the following is a characteristic ECG finding in myocarditis?
Which of the following is a characteristic ECG finding in myocarditis?
