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Questions and Answers
Explain the difference between active transport and co-transport in terms of concentration gradient movement.
Explain the difference between active transport and co-transport in terms of concentration gradient movement.
Active transport moves substances from low to high concentration, while co-transport moves molecules against their concentration gradients.
Describe the role of carrier proteins in active transport and co-transport.
Describe the role of carrier proteins in active transport and co-transport.
Carrier proteins in active transport change shape when ATP is hydrolyzed, allowing substances to be transported. In co-transport, carrier proteins enable the movement of multiple substances against their gradients.
Give an example of co-transport in the human body and explain how it works.
Give an example of co-transport in the human body and explain how it works.
An example of co-transport is the absorption of glucose with sodium ions in the ileum of the small intestines. High sodium ion concentration in epithelial cells enables the absorption of glucose through active transport.
How does ATP play a role in active transport and co-transport?
How does ATP play a role in active transport and co-transport?
Explain the significance of facilitated diffusion in the process of co-transport.
Explain the significance of facilitated diffusion in the process of co-transport.
How does co-transport in the ileum of the small intestines benefit from the constantly flowing blood in capillaries?
How does co-transport in the ileum of the small intestines benefit from the constantly flowing blood in capillaries?
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Study Notes
- The session discusses active transport and co-transport as two types of transport across membranes in biology.
- Active transport involves moving substances from an area of low concentration to an area of higher concentration through a carrier protein, requiring energy in the form of ATP.
- Active transport uses carrier proteins that change shape when ATP is hydrolyzed into ADP, causing the release of molecules to the other side of the cell membrane.
- Co-transport is a type of active transport that always involves ATP and utilizes carrier proteins to move molecules against their concentration gradients.
- An example of co-transport is the absorption of glucose with sodium ions in the ileum of the small intestines, where high sodium ion concentration in epithelial cells enables glucose absorption through active transport.
- Co-transport involves carrier proteins that allow both sodium ions and glucose molecules to attach before being transported to the other side for absorption.
- The process of co-transport in the ileum involves carrier proteins, ATP hydrolysis, and facilitated diffusion of glucose into the bloodstream, aided by constantly flowing blood in the capillary.
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