Action Research Data Collection Considerations

Questions and Answers

What is the main advantage of true experiments?

They are easy to conduct

They have a high degree of internal validity (correct)

They always produce accurate results

They require no control groups

Internal criticism focuses on the credibility of data.

True

Name one factor that can lead to external criticism in a study.

Subject selection or Mortality or Maturation of subjects.

________ is a key aspect of internal criticism, which establishes the credibility of data.

Internal validity Signup and view all the answers

Match the following criticisms with their descriptions:

Maturation = Subjects becoming wiser, tired, or older Mortality = Participants dropping out of the study Diffusion of treatment = Control group accessing treatment Compensatory equalization = Both groups receiving equal treatment Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor contributing to external criticism?

Randomization Signup and view all the answers

What does external criticism primarily focus on?

Authenticity of the data Signup and view all the answers

Internal validity refers to the authenticity of the data.

False Signup and view all the answers

Name one factor that can affect external validity.

Interaction of selection and treat Signup and view all the answers

To establish the authenticity of source data, one must consider the date of the event and the ______.

authorship Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of validity with their focus:

External validity = Generality of findings Internal validity = Causal inference External criticism = Authenticity of data Internal criticism = Accuracy of data Signup and view all the answers

What is a key aspect of internal criticism?

Examining the accuracy of the data Signup and view all the answers

External validity increases when findings yield consistent results across different groups and settings.

True Signup and view all the answers

The inability to generalize findings to other racial, social, or geographical groups is identified as the interaction of selection and ______.

treatment Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Action Research: Data Collection Considerations

Validity is crucial in action research, encompassing both external and internal aspects to ensure data integrity.
External criticism involves evaluating the authenticity and genuineness of data before use, helping to eliminate false evidence and malpractice.
Key elements of external criticism include:
- Clarification of the date an event occurred and when the source was written.
- Identification of the place where the data was produced.
- Determination of authorship to understand who created the documents.
- Analysis of pre-existing material that may have influenced the data's production.
- Verification of the integrity of the data's original form.

External Validity and Generalizability

The robustness of findings across varying contexts enhances external validity; the more diverse the case study samples, the more generalizable the results.
Three threats potentially affect generalizability:
- Interaction of selection and treatment can limit applicability across different demographic groups.
- Interaction of setting and treatment restricts generalization from the experimental setting to different environments.
- Interaction of history and treatment diminishes the ability to apply findings to future or past scenarios.

Internal Validity

Internal validity gauges how confidently a causal relationship can be inferred between independent and dependent variables, with true experiments achieving higher internal validity through randomization and control.
Internal criticism focuses on the accuracy of data post-authentication, assessing the credibility of the source content.
Understanding credibility involves evaluating content for truthfulness and worth, leading to informed judgments on data accuracy.
Key elements of internal criticism include:
- Historical events affecting subjects and data.
- Subject maturation, which may sway responses over time.
- Testing effects from participants becoming accustomed to the study.
- Instrument accuracy, ensuring standardized procedures are used.
- Subject selection methods, emphasizing the risks of nonrandom, biased samples.
- Mortality rates of participants dropping out of studies.
- Diffusion of treatment effects when control groups inadvertently receive treatment.
- Compensatory equalization, ensuring both groups receive equivalent treatment.

Description

This quiz explores the essential aspects of data collection in action research, including considerations of sampling, validity, reliability, and bias. It emphasizes the importance of external and internal criticism to ensure the authenticity and accuracy of data used in research. Test your knowledge of these critical research concepts!