Actinides: Elements 90-103

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Questions and Answers

What happens to the solubility of gases when temperature decreases?

  • It becomes zero
  • It increases (correct)
  • It decreases
  • It remains the same

What is the effect of increasing pressure on the solubility of gases?

  • It increases (correct)
  • It becomes infinite
  • It decreases
  • It remains the same

What type of solvent dissolves ionic substances?

  • Non-polar
  • Polar (correct)
  • Ionic
  • None of the above

What is the principle behind solubility of gases and solvents?

<p>Like dissolves like (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of substances are usually dissolved by polar solvents?

<p>Polar and ionic (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of the chemical combinations illustrated in the given options?

<p>Variable ratio of elements (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best represents the type of chemical bonding in the given options?

<p>Covalent bonding (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the common feature among the options CC₁₄ and CF₄, O₂ and O₃, H₂O and H₂S, and FeO and Fe₂O₃?

<p>Same element in different compounds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about the compounds listed?

<p>They all have different ratios of elements (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the options illustrate about the elements involved?

<p>Their ability to form compounds with different ratios (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many elements are classified as actinides?

<p>14 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of atomic numbers of actinides?

<p>90-103 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic property of actinides?

<p>They have the same chemical and physical properties (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is true about the physical properties of actinides?

<p>They are the same for all actinides (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be said about the chemical properties of actinides?

<p>They are the same for all actinides (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the kinetic energy of a particle depend on?

<p>Mass and velocity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of collisions between gas particles?

<p>Elastic collisions with no loss or gain of energy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do gas particles have different speeds at a given temperature?

<p>Due to collisions between particles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the motion of gas particles?

<p>Random motion due to collisions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is true about the interaction between gas particles?

<p>There are no attractive or repulsive forces between particles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about the kinetic energy of CH₄(g) molecules compared to O₂(g) molecules?

<p>The kinetic energy of CH₄(g) molecules is lower than that of O₂(g) molecules. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a consequence of the difference in kinetic energy between CH₄(g) and O₂(g) molecules?

<p>The CH₄(g) molecules will react slower with other molecules. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the kinetic energy and speed of a molecule?

<p>The kinetic energy of a molecule is directly proportional to the square of its speed. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the speed of CH₄(g) molecules compared to O₂(g) molecules?

<p>The speed of CH₄(g) molecules is less than that of O₂(g) molecules. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about the molecular mass of CH₄(g) and O₂(g) molecules?

<p>The molecular mass of CH₄(g) is less than that of O₂(g) molecules. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Actinides

  • Actinides are a group of 14 elements with atomic numbers ranging from 90 to 103.
  • They exhibit similar chemical and physical properties.

Chemical Bonding

  • The capability of two elements to combine in different ratios can be illustrated by FeO and Fe₂O₃.

Solubility of Gases

  • Solubility of gases increases as temperature decreases or as pressure increases.
  • Like dissolves like, meaning polar solvents dissolve polar or ionic substances.

Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases

  • Gas particles have different speeds at a given temperature due to collisions.
  • Gas particles move in a random way due to collisions.
  • Collisions between gas particles are elastic, resulting in no loss or gain of energy.
  • Gases consist of discrete particles, including atoms (noble gases) and molecules (H2, O2, N2, and Cl2).
  • There is no attraction or repulsion between gas particles.

Gas Properties

  • The average kinetic energy of CH₄ (g) molecules is less than that of O₂ (g) molecules.
  • The average speed of CH₄ (g) molecules is less than that of O₂ (g) molecules, due to their smaller mass.

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