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Questions and Answers
What is the recommended number of repetitions for each stretching exercise according to the ACSM?
For clients with low stretch tolerance, what approach should be taken regarding stretching durations?
What is the maximum recommended duration for static stretching before an activity, according to the Canadian Society of Exercise Physiologists?
Which theoretical mechanism explains the simultaneous activation of pain and stretch receptors that can lead to longer-term adaptations from PNF stretching?
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Which of the following statements about vibration-aided static stretching is accurate?
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What is the most powerful predictor of low back pain identified?
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What type of approach should be implemented for low stretch tolerance clients during stretching sessions?
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How many repetitions should be targeted for a stretching routine intended for a typical average client?
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Which of the following is a common goal of traditional low back programs?
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What is an essential requirement for effectively strengthening the lumbar extensors?
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Which type of exercise is NOT appropriate for beginners in a low back care program?
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Which of the following is NOT recommended as a progression strategy to improve flexibility?
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Bending forward at the waist until feeling muscle tension in the hamstrings is an example of what type of stretching?
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Which stretching technique combines muscle contraction followed by passive stretching?
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Which stretching technique triggers a stretch reflex in the targeted muscle group?
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Which of the following is the correct application of stretching in a flexibility program?
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What approach is essential for beginners starting a low back care program?
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Study Notes
Stretching Recommendations
- ACSM recommends performing 2 to 4 repetitions of each stretching exercise with a total duration of 60 seconds for effective stretching.
- For clients with low stretch tolerance, start with shorter durations and progressively increase holding times to enhance comfort and effectiveness.
Static Stretching Guidelines
- Canadian Society of Exercise Physiologists advises against prolonged static stretching (more than 60 seconds) if strenuous activity occurs within 5 minutes of stretching.
Mechanisms of PNF Stretching
- Gate control theory explains the simultaneous activation of pain and stretch receptors, contributing to longer-term adaptations from Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) stretching.
Vibration-Aided Static Stretching
- Utilizing a vibration device during static stretching may enhance range of motion more effectively than static stretching alone.
Predictors of Low Back Pain
- Key predictors include trunk flexibility (measured by side-bending motion) and balance (assessed with a one-leg stand).
Purpose of Low Back Programs
- Traditional low back programs focus on improving abdominal strength, extending hip flexor range of motion, and increasing hamstring flexibility, excluding the strengthening of hip flexors.
Strengthening Lumbar Extensors
- Pelvic stabilization is essential for effectively strengthening the lumbar extensors.
Exercise Recommendations for Beginners
- Exercises for beginners in low back care should include curl-ups, cat-camel exercises, and dynamic hollowing, avoiding isometric side supports targeting iliopsoas and gluteus medius endurance.
Flexibility Improvement Strategies
- Current research indicates no single stretching method is superior for enhancing range of motion; all methods are generally effective.
- Recommended progression for flexibility improvement includes increasing stretch duration, repetitions, and total accumulated stretch time, while avoiding pushing beyond pain-free range.
Types of Stretching Techniques
- Active static stretching involves slowly bending to feel muscle tension without assistance.
- PNF stretching, typically performed with a partner, combines muscle contraction followed by passive stretches of the targeted muscle group.
- Ballistic stretching triggers muscle spindles to induce a stretch reflex, resulting in increased muscle resistance to stretching.
Stretching Techniques Summary
- Active static: Involves holding a position using strength.
- Passive static: Involves holding a position with assistance.
- Active-assisted: Combines assistance with active muscle engagement.
- PNF: Engages muscle contraction followed by stretching.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the ACSM (2018) recommendations for stretching exercises. This quiz covers optimal repetitions and durations for effective stretching, as well as modifications for clients with low stretch tolerance. Evaluate your understanding of best practices in flexibility training.
