Acne: Clinical Manifestations and Pathophysiology
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Questions and Answers

What are the 4 main factors associated with the pathophysiology of the inflammatory skin condition described?

  • Epidermal thinning, reduced sweat production, Streptococcus pyogenes overgrowth, immune response
  • Follicular hyperplasia, excessive sebum production, Candida albicans overgrowth, allergic response
  • Follicular hypokeratinization, decreased sebum production, Staphylococcus epidermidis overgrowth, anti-inflammatory response
  • Follicular hyperkeratinization, increased sebum production, Propionibacterium acne overgrowth, inflammatory response (correct)

Which area is commonly affected by comedones in this skin condition?

  • Lower back
  • Face (correct)
  • Palms of the hands
  • Upper legs

What distinguishes open comedones from closed comedones?

  • Size of the comedone
  • Color of the surrounding erythema
  • Complete blockage in closed comedones (correct)
  • Presence of inflammation around the lesion

For patients with moderate severity, what is the common approach to treatment?

<p>Oral antibiotics along with benzoyl peroxide or topical retinoids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What strict requirements are necessary for patients starting isotretinoin treatment?

<p>Commitment to two forms of contraception before and after treatment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of dermatitis is characterized by erythematous grouped papulopustules that may become confluent into plaques with scales, sparing the vermilion border?

<p>Perioral dermatitis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which skin condition is commonly associated with a history of topical steroid use and the use of fluorinated toothpaste?

<p>Perioral dermatitis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of rash may involve shiny erythema with dull margins and is commonly seen in infants between 3 weeks to 2 years of age?

<p>Candidal diaper rash (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is responsible for allergic contact dermatitis?

<p>Type IV (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which skin condition may present with lichenification, fissuring, and scales in its chronic form?

<p>Atopic dermatitis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of irritant contact dermatitis?

<p>Chemicals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first-line treatment for flares of seborrheic dermatitis?

<p>Triamcinolone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which skin condition is associated with increased sebaceous gland activity and hypersensitivity reaction to Malassezia furfur?

<p>Seborrheic dermatitis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What may exacerbate seborrheic dermatitis in patients with neurologic diseases like Parkinson's disease?

<p>Stress (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which area is commonly affected by erythematous plaques with fine white scales in seborrheic dermatitis?

<p>Scalp (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the second-line treatment option for seborrheic dermatitis if topical therapies are ineffective?

<p>Oral antifungals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can patch testing help identify in patients with seborrheic dermatitis?

<p>Potential allergens (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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