Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is your next action after finding an unresponsive patient who is not breathing and has no pulse?
What is your next action after finding an unresponsive patient who is not breathing and has no pulse?
Start chest compressions of at least 100 per minute.
What is the most important assessment step for a 58-year-old man with chest pain and low blood pressure?
What is the most important assessment step for a 58-year-old man with chest pain and low blood pressure?
Obtaining a 12 lead ECG.
What is the preferred method of access for epinephrine administration during cardiac arrest?
What is the preferred method of access for epinephrine administration during cardiac arrest?
Peripheral IV.
What should you do if an AED does not promptly analyze a rhythm?
What should you do if an AED does not promptly analyze a rhythm?
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What management step is your next priority after 2 minutes of CPR and no pulse?
What management step is your next priority after 2 minutes of CPR and no pulse?
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What should be your next action during a pause in CPR if you see a narrow complex rhythm on the monitor and the patient has no pulse?
What should be your next action during a pause in CPR if you see a narrow complex rhythm on the monitor and the patient has no pulse?
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What is a common but sometimes fatal mistake in cardiac arrest management?
What is a common but sometimes fatal mistake in cardiac arrest management?
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Which action is a component of high-quality chest compressions?
Which action is a component of high-quality chest compressions?
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What action increases the chance of successful conversion of ventricular fibrillation?
What action increases the chance of successful conversion of ventricular fibrillation?
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Which situation best describes PEA?
Which situation best describes PEA?
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What is the best strategy for performing high-quality CPR on a patient with an advanced airway in place?
What is the best strategy for performing high-quality CPR on a patient with an advanced airway in place?
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What does the presence of a waveform on the capnography screen and a PETCO2 of 8 mm Hg indicate during ventilation?
What does the presence of a waveform on the capnography screen and a PETCO2 of 8 mm Hg indicate during ventilation?
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What does quantitative capnography in intubated patients allow for?
What does quantitative capnography in intubated patients allow for?
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What should you consider after 25 minutes of unsuccessful resuscitation of a patient with V-FIB?
What should you consider after 25 minutes of unsuccessful resuscitation of a patient with V-FIB?
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What is a safe and effective practice within the defibrillation sequence?
What is a safe and effective practice within the defibrillation sequence?
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What is your next action upon determining a patient suddenly loses consciousness and is not breathing?
What is your next action upon determining a patient suddenly loses consciousness and is not breathing?
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What is an advantage of using hands-free defibrillation pads instead of defibrillation paddles?
What is an advantage of using hands-free defibrillation pads instead of defibrillation paddles?
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What action is recommended to help minimize interruptions in chest compressions during CPR?
What action is recommended to help minimize interruptions in chest compressions during CPR?
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Which action is included in the BLS survey?
Which action is included in the BLS survey?
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Which drug and dose are recommended for the management of a patient in refractory V-FIB?
Which drug and dose are recommended for the management of a patient in refractory V-FIB?
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What is the appropriate interval for an interruption in chest compressions?
What is the appropriate interval for an interruption in chest compressions?
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Which of the following is a sign of effective CPR?
Which of the following is a sign of effective CPR?
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What is the primary purpose of a medical emergency team or rapid response team?
What is the primary purpose of a medical emergency team or rapid response team?
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Which action improves the quality of chest compressions delivered during resuscitation attempts?
Which action improves the quality of chest compressions delivered during resuscitation attempts?
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What is the appropriate ventilation strategy for an adult in respiratory arrest with a pulse of 80 beats/min?
What is the appropriate ventilation strategy for an adult in respiratory arrest with a pulse of 80 beats/min?
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What is the appropriate first medication for a patient presenting with dizziness and fatigue?
What is the appropriate first medication for a patient presenting with dizziness and fatigue?
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What is the appropriate dose of dopamine for a patient with ineffective initial atropine dose?
What is the appropriate dose of dopamine for a patient with ineffective initial atropine dose?
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What is the next intervention for a patient with a narrow complex tachycardia and dizziness?
What is the next intervention for a patient with a narrow complex tachycardia and dizziness?
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What is the next intervention for a monitored patient developing a narrow complex tachycardia with no ischemia on 12 lead?
What is the next intervention for a monitored patient developing a narrow complex tachycardia with no ischemia on 12 lead?
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What should you do if a patient's CT scanner is broken and they may be having a stroke?
What should you do if a patient's CT scanner is broken and they may be having a stroke?
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What is an appropriate indication to stop or withhold resuscitative efforts?
What is an appropriate indication to stop or withhold resuscitative efforts?
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What is the most appropriate next action for a patient with persistent epigastric pain after taking antacids?
What is the most appropriate next action for a patient with persistent epigastric pain after taking antacids?
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What intervention has the highest priority for a patient in respiratory failure who becomes apneic?
What intervention has the highest priority for a patient in respiratory failure who becomes apneic?
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What is the appropriate procedure for ET suctioning after the catheter is selected?
What is the appropriate procedure for ET suctioning after the catheter is selected?
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What is the next step for a patient with bradycardia and low blood pressure?
What is the next step for a patient with bradycardia and low blood pressure?
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What would be your next action for a female patient with sudden onset of right arm weakness?
What would be your next action for a female patient with sudden onset of right arm weakness?
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What is the next step for a patient with a positive stroke assessment?
What is the next step for a patient with a positive stroke assessment?
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What is the proper ventilation rate for a patient in cardiac arrest with an advanced airway in place?
What is the proper ventilation rate for a patient in cardiac arrest with an advanced airway in place?
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What should be the next evaluation for a patient reporting a fast heartbeat with no other symptoms?
What should be the next evaluation for a patient reporting a fast heartbeat with no other symptoms?
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What intervention should be next for a patient with crushing sub-sternal pain and wide complex tachycardia?
What intervention should be next for a patient with crushing sub-sternal pain and wide complex tachycardia?
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What is the initial priority for an unconscious patient with any tachycardia on the monitor?
What is the initial priority for an unconscious patient with any tachycardia on the monitor?
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Which rhythm requires synchronized cardioversion?
Which rhythm requires synchronized cardioversion?
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What is the recommended dose for adenosine for patients in refractory, stable narrow complex tachycardia?
What is the recommended dose for adenosine for patients in refractory, stable narrow complex tachycardia?
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What is the usual post-cardiac arrest target range for PETCO2 who achieves return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC)?
What is the usual post-cardiac arrest target range for PETCO2 who achieves return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC)?
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What condition is a contraindication to therapeutic hypothermia during the post-cardiac arrest period?
What condition is a contraindication to therapeutic hypothermia during the post-cardiac arrest period?
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What is the potential danger of using ties that pass circumferentially around the patient's neck when securing an advanced airway?
What is the potential danger of using ties that pass circumferentially around the patient's neck when securing an advanced airway?
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What is the most reliable method of confirming and monitoring correct placement of an ET tube?
What is the most reliable method of confirming and monitoring correct placement of an ET tube?
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What is the recommended IV fluid bolus dose for a patient who achieves ROSC but is hypotensive?
What is the recommended IV fluid bolus dose for a patient who achieves ROSC but is hypotensive?
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What is the minimum systolic BP one should attempt to achieve with fluid, inotropic, or vasopressor administration in a hypotensive post-cardiac arrest patient?
What is the minimum systolic BP one should attempt to achieve with fluid, inotropic, or vasopressor administration in a hypotensive post-cardiac arrest patient?
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What is the first treatment priority for a patient who achieves ROSC?
What is the first treatment priority for a patient who achieves ROSC?
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Study Notes
Cardiac Arrest Response
- Upon confirming unresponsiveness and lack of breathing, activate emergency response and start chest compressions at a rate of at least 100 per minute.
- In cases of chest pain with hypotension (BP 92/50), priority assessment is obtaining a 12-lead ECG.
Medication Administration
- Preferred route for epinephrine during cardiac arrest is via a peripheral IV.
- Administer 1mg epinephrine promptly after 2 minutes of CPR if PEA is present and no pulse is detected.
CPR Quality and Techniques
- Avoid prolonged interruptions in chest compressions to reduce fatal mistakes in cardiac arrest management.
- High-quality chest compressions require complete chest recoil between compressions.
- Continuous chest compressions without pauses are essential for patients with an advanced airway, incorporating 10 ventilations per minute.
Rhythm Management
- If an AED fails to analyze a rhythm, immediately resume chest compressions.
- The presence of a narrow complex rhythm with no pulse necessitates a quick return to compressions.
- Quality of chest compressions should be checked via quantitative capnography in intubated patients to monitor CPR effectiveness.
Advanced Interventions
- If asystole persists despite multiple interventions, consider terminating resuscitation efforts after consulting medical control.
- Safe defibrillation practices include ensuring no oxygen flow over the patient during the shock.
Post-Arrest Care
- Optimize ventilation and oxygenation as the first treatment priority for those achieving return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC).
- Maintain a minimum systolic BP of 90mm Hg with fluid or medication support in post-arrest hypotensive patients.
Stroke Assessment and Management
- When suspecting a stroke, utilize the Cincinnati Stroke Scale for initial assessment, followed by a CT scan if available.
Bradycardia and Tachycardia Management
- For symptomatic bradycardia, administer atropine 0.5mg; consider dopamine (2-10 mcg/kg/min) if atropine is ineffective.
- In narrow complex tachycardia, initiate vagal maneuvers; for refractory cases, adenosine 12mg IV is indicated.
Endotracheal Intubation and Confirmation
- Proper suctioning technique during ET tube management includes suctioning during withdrawal for no longer than 10 seconds.
- Confirm correct ET tube placement via continuous waveform capnography, as it's the most reliable method.
Fluid Resuscitation
- Administer a fluid bolus (1 to 2 liters) for hypotensive patients achieving ROSC during post-cardiac arrest care.
Preservation of Neurological Function
- Avoid therapeutic hypothermia in patients who are responsive to verbal commands following cardiac arrest.
Cardioversion Criteria
- Unstable SVT requires synchronized cardioversion as a management protocol.
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Description
Prepare for the ACLS (Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support) written test with these flashcards. Each card presents critical scenarios and questions that test your knowledge of emergency response protocols and assessments for patients in cardiac distress.