Podcast
Questions and Answers
What are the 6 principles behind AHA's definition of 'High-Quality CPR'?
What are the 6 principles behind AHA's definition of 'High-Quality CPR'?
Rate of at least 100 chest compressions/minute, compression depth of at least 2 inches in the adult victim, complete chest recoil after each chest compression, minimizing interruption in compressions, switching providers every 2 minutes (5 cycles of CPR), avoiding excessive ventilations.
What does the AHA suggest as a target for CPP (coronary perfusion pressure) to increase the chances of SROC (spontaneous return of circulation)?
What does the AHA suggest as a target for CPP (coronary perfusion pressure) to increase the chances of SROC (spontaneous return of circulation)?
10 mm/Hg
An end-tidal CO2 reading of ____ will not achieve ROSC according to the AHA.
An end-tidal CO2 reading of ____ will not achieve ROSC according to the AHA.
10 mm Hg or less
An intra-arterial relaxation pressure of < ____ indicates ineffective compressions.
An intra-arterial relaxation pressure of < ____ indicates ineffective compressions.
The recommended sternal compression depth for an adult during resuscitation is _____ inches.
The recommended sternal compression depth for an adult during resuscitation is _____ inches.
AHA recommends that, during resuscitation, the tidal volumes for adults be between ______ and ______ mmHg.
AHA recommends that, during resuscitation, the tidal volumes for adults be between ______ and ______ mmHg.
What are the 4 negative consequences of excessive ventilation emphasized by the AHA?
What are the 4 negative consequences of excessive ventilation emphasized by the AHA?
What are the 5 'critical concepts' for BLS according to the AHA?
What are the 5 'critical concepts' for BLS according to the AHA?
In what cardiac rhythm is Adenosine recommended and when is it not recommended by the AHA?
In what cardiac rhythm is Adenosine recommended and when is it not recommended by the AHA?
When Atropine is ineffective in resolving bradycardias, what treatment methodology is considered an equally effective alternative?
When Atropine is ineffective in resolving bradycardias, what treatment methodology is considered an equally effective alternative?
For all symptomatic bradycardias, regardless of type, this is now considered the 'first-line' treatment.
For all symptomatic bradycardias, regardless of type, this is now considered the 'first-line' treatment.
What is the new initial J (joule) selection for biphasic defibrillators in synchronized cardioversion of 'unstable SVT or unstable A-flutter'?
What is the new initial J (joule) selection for biphasic defibrillators in synchronized cardioversion of 'unstable SVT or unstable A-flutter'?
What is the new initial J selection for biphasic defibrillators in synchronized cardioversion of 'unstable A-fib'?
What is the new initial J selection for biphasic defibrillators in synchronized cardioversion of 'unstable A-fib'?
Cardioversion with monophasic waveforms should begin at ______ J and increase in step-wise fashion.
Cardioversion with monophasic waveforms should begin at ______ J and increase in step-wise fashion.
The new recommended initial J selection in synchronized cardioversion of unstable monomorphic VT with either monophasic or biphasic defibrillators is..
The new recommended initial J selection in synchronized cardioversion of unstable monomorphic VT with either monophasic or biphasic defibrillators is..
This post-arrest intervention is the only one that has been clinically proven to improve neurologic recovery according to the AHA.
This post-arrest intervention is the only one that has been clinically proven to improve neurologic recovery according to the AHA.
Therapeutic hypothermia should be considered for which two subsets of patients with ROSC post-resuscitation?
Therapeutic hypothermia should be considered for which two subsets of patients with ROSC post-resuscitation?
What is the exception to the recommendation of therapeutic hypothermia post-resuscitation?
What is the exception to the recommendation of therapeutic hypothermia post-resuscitation?
What are the 4 critical actions for post-cardiac arrest care according to the AHA?
What are the 4 critical actions for post-cardiac arrest care according to the AHA?
What 4 benefits of qualitative waveform capnography does the AHA emphasize in the 2010 guidelines?
What 4 benefits of qualitative waveform capnography does the AHA emphasize in the 2010 guidelines?
What might you look for on your ETCO2 reading that would indicate ROSC?
What might you look for on your ETCO2 reading that would indicate ROSC?
What are the two primary reperfusion therapy goals to target in patients with cardiac events?
What are the two primary reperfusion therapy goals to target in patients with cardiac events?
The AHA recommends that all eligible patients who are victims of stroke receive fibrinolytic therapy within ____ hours of onset of symptoms.
The AHA recommends that all eligible patients who are victims of stroke receive fibrinolytic therapy within ____ hours of onset of symptoms.
The AHA recommends that all victims of acute stroke be transported to a _____________ stroke center.
The AHA recommends that all victims of acute stroke be transported to a _____________ stroke center.
This medication is no longer recommended by the AHA for the routine treatment of patients in PEA or asystole.
This medication is no longer recommended by the AHA for the routine treatment of patients in PEA or asystole.
What is the recommended initial IV infusion dose of epinephrine in the 'Adult Immediate Post-Cardiac Arrest Care' algorithm?
What is the recommended initial IV infusion dose of epinephrine in the 'Adult Immediate Post-Cardiac Arrest Care' algorithm?
What is the recommended initial IV infusion dose of dopamine in the 'Adult Immediate Post-Cardiac Arrest Care' algorithm?
What is the recommended initial IV infusion dose of dopamine in the 'Adult Immediate Post-Cardiac Arrest Care' algorithm?
What is the recommended initial IV infusion dose of Levophed in the 'Adult Immediate Post-Cardiac Arrest Care' algorithm?
What is the recommended initial IV infusion dose of Levophed in the 'Adult Immediate Post-Cardiac Arrest Care' algorithm?
What are the 10 reversible causes one should consider during CPR?
What are the 10 reversible causes one should consider during CPR?
What is the ventilation rate in a code scenario once an advanced airway has been established?
What is the ventilation rate in a code scenario once an advanced airway has been established?
What is the ventilation rate in a respiratory arrest scenario?
What is the ventilation rate in a respiratory arrest scenario?
What percent of patients suffering blunt trauma, forceful enough to require spinal imaging in ERs, have radiographically confirmed spinal injury?
What percent of patients suffering blunt trauma, forceful enough to require spinal imaging in ERs, have radiographically confirmed spinal injury?
Name the 6 sites acceptable for establishing IO access.
Name the 6 sites acceptable for establishing IO access.
According to the AHA, what percentage of acute coronary syndrome patients die before ever reaching the hospital?
According to the AHA, what percentage of acute coronary syndrome patients die before ever reaching the hospital?
What dose range of 'non-enteric coated' ASA is recommended by the AHA as initial treatment for patients suspected of suffering an acute myocardial ischemia?
What dose range of 'non-enteric coated' ASA is recommended by the AHA as initial treatment for patients suspected of suffering an acute myocardial ischemia?
What are the 2 contraindications against administering ASA to a patient suspected of suffering ACS?
What are the 2 contraindications against administering ASA to a patient suspected of suffering ACS?
What are the 5 contraindications to giving Nitroglycerin in the setting of ACS according to the AHA?
What are the 5 contraindications to giving Nitroglycerin in the setting of ACS according to the AHA?
Right ventricular infarction can often initially present as this type of STEMI.
Right ventricular infarction can often initially present as this type of STEMI.
Re-perfusion goals for STEMI patients include PCI within _____ minutes of arrival at the ER.
Re-perfusion goals for STEMI patients include PCI within _____ minutes of arrival at the ER.
Re-perfusion goals for STEMI patients include fibrinolytics within _____ minutes of arrival at the ER.
Re-perfusion goals for STEMI patients include fibrinolytics within _____ minutes of arrival at the ER.
According to the AHA, studies show that ED evaluations are responsible for up to _____% of the delay of time-to-treatment of ACS patients.
According to the AHA, studies show that ED evaluations are responsible for up to _____% of the delay of time-to-treatment of ACS patients.
Adjunctive therapy for ACS patients include these five treatments.
Adjunctive therapy for ACS patients include these five treatments.
What general action does Clopidogrel (Plavix) have?
What general action does Clopidogrel (Plavix) have?
Which classification of stroke, ischemic or hemorrhagic, is most common?
Which classification of stroke, ischemic or hemorrhagic, is most common?
The AHA recommends beginning fibrinolytic therapy within _____ hours of onset of symptoms of CVA.
The AHA recommends beginning fibrinolytic therapy within _____ hours of onset of symptoms of CVA.
If any one of the indicators for stroke on the CSS are positive, the probability of a stroke is _____%.
If any one of the indicators for stroke on the CSS are positive, the probability of a stroke is _____%.
What are the AHA recommendations for both time a patient should receive CT and time that CT should be read by radiology for victims of suspected stroke?
What are the AHA recommendations for both time a patient should receive CT and time that CT should be read by radiology for victims of suspected stroke?
How is Nicardipine administered in the management of hypertension (>185/>110) in the setting of suspected CVA?
How is Nicardipine administered in the management of hypertension (>185/>110) in the setting of suspected CVA?
How is Labetalol administered in the management of hypertension (>185/>110) in the setting of suspected CVA?
How is Labetalol administered in the management of hypertension (>185/>110) in the setting of suspected CVA?
For hypertensive patients with acute ischemic stroke who are NOT candidates for thrombolytic therapy, what blood pressure limits should clinicians consider?
For hypertensive patients with acute ischemic stroke who are NOT candidates for thrombolytic therapy, what blood pressure limits should clinicians consider?
What are the two pressures considered in defining CPP (coronary perfusion pressure)?
What are the two pressures considered in defining CPP (coronary perfusion pressure)?
Flashcards are hidden until you start studying
Study Notes
High-Quality CPR Principles
- High-quality CPR includes a chest compression rate of at least 100/min.
- Compressions must reach a depth of at least 2 inches in adult victims.
- Complete chest recoil after each compression is essential.
- Interruptions in compressions should be minimized.
- Rescuers should switch every 2 minutes (after 5 cycles of CPR).
- Avoid excessive ventilations during CPR.
Coronary Perfusion Pressure (CPP)
- A target CPP of at least 10 mm Hg is recommended to enhance chances of spontaneous return of circulation (ROSC).
- High-quality CPR is crucial to achieve optimal CPP.
End-Tidal CO2 (PETCO2) Levels
- A PETCO2 reading of 10 mm Hg or less suggests inadequate CPP and poor circulation.
Intra-Arterial Pressure
- Intra-arterial relaxation pressures under 20 mm Hg indicate ineffective compressions.
Compression Depth and Ventilation
- Sternal compression depth during adult resuscitation should be 2 inches, ensuring complete chest recoil.
- Recommended tidal volumes for adults are between 500-600 mm Hg, approximately half of an adult ambu-bag squeeze.
Excessive Ventilation Consequences
- Excessive ventilation can lead to gastric inflation, increased intrathoracic pressure, decreased venous return, and lower overall survival chances.
Critical Concepts for Basic Life Support (BLS)
- Key principles include pushing hard and fast (100+/min), allowing complete chest recoil, minimizing interruptions, switching providers every 2 minutes, and avoiding excessive ventilations.
Adenosine Usage
- Recommended for regular monomorphic wide-complex tachycardias.
- Not recommended for irregular wide-complex tachycardias to prevent degeneration to ventricular fibrillation.
Bradycardia Treatment
- Atropine is the first-line treatment for symptomatic bradycardia.
- If Atropine is ineffective, IV infusion of Epinephrine or Dopamine is an alternative.
Cardioversion Energy Levels
- Initial biphasic energy for unstable SVT or unstable A-flutter is between 50 and 100 J.
- For unstable A-fib, the initial biphasic dose is between 120 and 200 J.
- Monophasic waveform cardioversion starts at 200 J, increasing stepwise if needed.
- Unstable monomorphic VT requires an initial dose of 100 J for cardioversion.
Post-Arrest Interventions
- Therapeutic hypothermia is the only intervention proven to improve neurologic recovery.
- Consider hypothermia for comatose patients with ROSC, especially after out-of-hospital VF arrests.
- In STEMI cases, transport to the cath lab takes priority over hypothermia.
Post-Cardiac Arrest Care
- Key actions include optimizing hemodynamics, monitoring airway with capnography, acquiring a 12-lead EKG, and inducing therapeutic hypothermia.
Capnography Benefits
- Provides reliable indicators for ETT placement, quality of chest compressions, ROSC status, and coronary perfusion.
Stroke Treatment Recommendations
- Fibrinolytic therapy within 3 hours of symptom onset for acute stroke.
- Transport all stroke victims to a comprehensive stroke center.
ACLS Considerations
- Up to 70% of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients may die before hospital arrival.
- Recommended dose of non-enteric coated ASA for ACS is 160-325 mg, with contraindications for allergies or recent GI bleeds.
- Nitroglycerin is contraindicated in severe bradycardia, tachycardia, hypotension, PDE-I use, or right ventricular infarction.
- Right ventricular infarction often mimics inferior wall STEMI.
Reperfusion Therapy Goals
- PCI should occur within 90 minutes for STEMI patients.
- Fibrinolytics should be administered within 30 minutes for STEMI cases.
Stroke Evaluation
- CT scans for suspected strokes must be performed within 25 minutes of ER arrival, read within 45 minutes.
Hypertension Management
- Nicardipine starts at 5 mg/hr, titrating up to 15 mg/hr maximum.
- Labetalol is administered at 10-20 mg IVP for hypertension in suspected CVA.
Definitions and Mechanisms
- Coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) is defined as the difference between aortic end-diastolic pressure (AEDP) and right atrial end-diastolic pressure (RAEDP), preferably maintained at 10-15 mm Hg for optimal chances of ROSC.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
