ACLS 2022 Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

Targeted temperature management for adults is between _ and _ degrees Celsius.

32, 36

What is the lowest level required for arterial O2 saturation?

94%

What is the mean arterial pressure goal?

65 mm Hg or greater

A team leader should minimize interruptions in compressions.

True Signup and view all the answers

What qualities should a team member possess during resuscitation? (Select all that apply)

Clear about role assignments Signup and view all the answers

What does the resuscitation triangle consist of?

Compressor, AED/Defibrillator Monitor, Airway Signup and view all the answers

Should you start CPR when unsure about a pulse?

Yes Signup and view all the answers

What are agonal gasps a sign of?

Cardiac arrest Signup and view all the answers

What should you check for during BLS assessment?

Responsiveness, breathing, pulse Signup and view all the answers

Chest compressions should be done for no longer than _____ seconds.

10 Signup and view all the answers

What is Coronary Perfusion Pressure (CPP) defined as?

Aortic relaxation (diastolic) - right atrial relaxation (diastolic) pressure Signup and view all the answers

What are the characteristics of quality compressions? (Select all that apply)

Allow complete recoil Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary assessment acronym?

ABCs (Airway, Breathing, Circulation) Signup and view all the answers

What does SAMPLE stand for in a secondary assessment?

Signs and symptoms, Allergies, Medications, Past medical history, Last meal, Events Signup and view all the answers

H&Ts are common reversible causes of cardiac arrest: Hypovolemia, hypoxia, _____, Tension pneumo, tamponade.

hydrogen ion (acidosis) Signup and view all the answers

What are the two most common causes of PEA?

Hypoxia and hypovolemia Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for pulmonary embolism (PE)?

Fibrinolytics Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for cardiac tamponade?

Pericardiocentesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for tension pneumothorax?

Needle aspiration and chest tube placement Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Targeted Temperature Management

Aim for temperature range: 32 - 36°C (89.6 - 95.2°F) for adults.

Oxygen Titration

Administer inspired O2 to maintain arterial O2 saturation at 94% without causing O2 toxicity.

Mean Arterial Pressure

Goal is a mean arterial pressure of 65 mm Hg or higher.

Responsibilities of the Team Leader

Ensure strong, fast chest compressions; prioritize minimal interruptions.
Complete chest recoil is crucial; avoid excessive ventilation.

Team Member Roles

Each member should know their specific role, be prepared, and practice resuscitation consistently.
Must possess knowledge of algorithms and a commitment to team success.

Resuscitation Triangle

Roles include:
- Compressor: Assesses patient and performs compressions, alternates with AED operator.
- AED/Defibrillator Monitor: Handles AED, places monitor for visibility, alternates with the compressor.
- Airway Rescuer: Maintains an open airway and provides ventilations.

Leadership Structure

Team Leader: Assigns roles, makes treatment decisions, and oversees all interventions.
Medications: Responsible for IV/IO access and medication administration.
Time Recorder: Tracks interventions and medication timings, communicating with the team leader.

CPR Uncertainty

Start CPR if unsure about a pulse; it's preferable to deliver compressions than to delay.

Agonal Gasping

Present in the initial minutes of cardiac arrest, resembling quick air intake; occurs at a slow rate and may include various sounds like snorting or groaning.

Basic Life Support (BLS) Assessment

Initial steps: Check responsiveness, call for help, get an AED, check for breathing and pulse.
If no pulse in 10 seconds, begin chest compressions; if pulse is present, administer rescue breaths.

Minimizing Interruptions

Keep interruptions to less than 10 seconds; avoid prolonged rhythm analysis and excessive pulse checks.

Coronary Perfusion Pressure

Defined as the difference between aortic and right atrial pressures; a CPP of 15 mm Hg or higher is necessary for ROSC.

Quality of Compressions

Compressions should be 2 inches (5 cm) deep at a rate of 100-120 BPM with full recoil allowed.

Single Rescuer CPR Approach

For cardiac arrest: Activate help, procure an AED, return to the patient to begin CPR.
In cases of drowning: Provide 2 minutes of CPR before activating emergency services.

Primary Assessment Steps

Conduct an assessment of Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability (AVPU), and Exposure.

Secondary Assessment

Involves obtaining a focused medical history using SAMPLE: Symptoms, Allergies, Medications, Past medical history, Last meal, Events.

H&Ts

Common reversible causes of cardiac arrest:
- Hypovolemia, hypoxia, acidosis, electrolyte abnormalities, and various mechanical and toxicological factors.

Most Common Causes of PEA

Primarily due to hypoxia and hypovolemia.

PEA Hypovolemia Indicators

Characterized by rapid, narrow-complex tachycardia and variable blood pressure; consider volume infusion if suspected.

Acute Coronary Syndrome

Refers to sudden symptoms indicating unstable angina or myocardial infarction.

Treatment Options

Pulmonary Embolism: Administer fibrinolytics.
Cardiac Tamponade: Perform pericardiocentesis.
Tension Pneumothorax: Needle decompression followed by chest tube placement.

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Description

Test your knowledge with these flashcards on Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support (ACLS) for adults. This quiz includes critical definitions and guidelines based on the 2022 standards. Perfect for healthcare professionals preparing for emergency situations.