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Questions and Answers
Which type of anatomy studies the function of internal and external body structures?
Which type of anatomy studies the function of internal and external body structures?
What is the study of structures too small to be seen with the naked eye called?
What is the study of structures too small to be seen with the naked eye called?
Which level of structural organization consists of discrete structures composed of two to four tissues that work together to perform one or more specific functions?
Which level of structural organization consists of discrete structures composed of two to four tissues that work together to perform one or more specific functions?
Which of the following is an example of an inorganic compound?
Which of the following is an example of an inorganic compound?
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What type of bond involves the transfer of electrons from one atom to another?
What type of bond involves the transfer of electrons from one atom to another?
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Which of the following is NOT a role of water in the body?
Which of the following is NOT a role of water in the body?
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What is the pH value of an acid?
What is the pH value of an acid?
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Which of the following is true about the cell membrane?
Which of the following is true about the cell membrane?
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What are microvilli?
What are microvilli?
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What is the function of peripheral proteins in the cell membrane?
What is the function of peripheral proteins in the cell membrane?
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Which of the following is NOT a function of carbohydrates?
Which of the following is NOT a function of carbohydrates?
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Which of the following is true about proteins?
Which of the following is true about proteins?
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Which of the following is a function of lipids?
Which of the following is a function of lipids?
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Which of the following is true about nucleic acids?
Which of the following is true about nucleic acids?
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Which of the following is true about cytology?
Which of the following is true about cytology?
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What is the basic unit of structure and function in the body?
What is the basic unit of structure and function in the body?
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Which of the following is NOT a basic type of tissue?
Which of the following is NOT a basic type of tissue?
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Which level of structural organization involves atoms joining together to form molecules?
Which level of structural organization involves atoms joining together to form molecules?
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Which of the following is true about organs?
Which of the following is true about organs?
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What is the study of large body structures visible to the naked eye called?
What is the study of large body structures visible to the naked eye called?
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Which of the following is NOT a function of nervous tissue?
Which of the following is NOT a function of nervous tissue?
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Which of the following is true about acids and bases?
Which of the following is true about acids and bases?
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What is the pH of a neutral solution?
What is the pH of a neutral solution?
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Which of the following is true about carbohydrates?
Which of the following is true about carbohydrates?
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What is the basic building block of proteins?
What is the basic building block of proteins?
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Which of the following is true about lipids?
Which of the following is true about lipids?
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What is the main component of cell membranes?
What is the main component of cell membranes?
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What is the basic building block of nucleic acids?
What is the basic building block of nucleic acids?
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Which of the following is true about ions?
Which of the following is true about ions?
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What is the most abundant compound in cells?
What is the most abundant compound in cells?
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Which of the following is true about hydrogen bonds?
Which of the following is true about hydrogen bonds?
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Which of the following is an example of an inorganic compound?
Which of the following is an example of an inorganic compound?
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What is the role of salts in the body?
What is the role of salts in the body?
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What is the function of acids in the body?
What is the function of acids in the body?
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What is the function of bases in the body?
What is the function of bases in the body?
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Which of the following is the main function of the cell membrane?
Which of the following is the main function of the cell membrane?
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What is the role of integral proteins in the cell membrane?
What is the role of integral proteins in the cell membrane?
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What is the main function of membrane carbohydrates (glycocalyx) in the cell membrane?
What is the main function of membrane carbohydrates (glycocalyx) in the cell membrane?
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What are microvilli?
What are microvilli?
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Which component of the cell membrane adds stability?
Which component of the cell membrane adds stability?
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What is the role of peripheral proteins in the cell membrane?
What is the role of peripheral proteins in the cell membrane?
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What is the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane?
What is the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane?
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What are integral proteins in the cell membrane?
What are integral proteins in the cell membrane?
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What is the main function of the phospholipid bilayer in the cell membrane?
What is the main function of the phospholipid bilayer in the cell membrane?
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Study Notes
Anatomy Types
- Functional Anatomy: Studies both internal and external body structures and their functions.
- Microanatomy: Focuses on structures too small to be seen with the naked eye, such as cells and tissues.
Structural Organization Levels
- Tissue Level: Comprises discrete structures made of two to four tissue types working together for specific functions.
- Molecular Level: Involves atoms joining to form molecules.
Compounds and Bonds
- Inorganic Compounds: Examples include sodium chloride (table salt) and water.
- Ionic Bonds: Occur through the transfer of electrons from one atom to another.
Functions of Water
- Water serves various roles, but it does not function as a source of energy.
pH Levels
- Acid pH: A solution with a pH below 7 is considered acidic.
- Neutral pH: A neutral solution has a pH of 7.
Cell Membrane Characteristics
- Cell Membrane Structure: Composed of a phospholipid bilayer, integral proteins, peripheral proteins, and carbohydrates (glycocalyx).
- Microvilli: Finger-like projections that increase surface area for absorption.
- Peripheral Proteins: Involved in signaling and maintaining the cell's shape.
- Integral Proteins: Span the membrane and assist in selective transport.
- Membrane Carbohydrates: Play a major role in cell recognition and communication.
Biological Macromolecules
- Carbohydrates: Typical functions include energy storage, but they do not act as enzymes.
- Proteins: Made up of amino acids, serving various functions including catalysis and structure.
- Lipids: Functions include energy storage, membrane formation, and signaling.
- Nucleic Acids: Building blocks are nucleotides; they encode genetic information.
Tissue Types and Functions
- Basic Types of Tissue: Epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue.
- Nervous Tissue Functions: Includes communication and control but doesn’t primarily serve in nutrient absorption.
Ions and Compounds in Cells
- Most Abundant Compound in Cells: Water is the most prevalent compound in biological cells.
- Hydrogen Bonds: Weak attractions that play crucial roles in maintaining molecular structures.
Role of Salts, Acids, and Bases
- Salts: Important for electrolyte balance and participating in physiological processes.
- Acids and Bases: Help maintain pH balance in the body, contributing to various metabolic functions.
Fluid Mosaic Model
- Describes the cell membrane’s structure, illustrating its dynamic nature with various components capable of movement and interaction.
Summary of Membrane Functions
- Main Function of Cell Membrane: To protect the cell, regulate permeability, and facilitate communication with the environment.
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Description
Test your knowledge on acids, bases, and pH balance with this quiz! Learn about the role of electrolytes in maintaining pH levels and how they affect chemical reactions in the body. Explore the concept of pH and its relationship with hydrogen ions.
