12 Questions
What happens when an acid reacts with a base?
A neutralization reaction occurs, forming a salt
What gases are produced when hydrochloric acid reacts with water?
Hydrogen gas
How are acid molecules classified when not dissolved in water?
Covalent molecules
What defines an acid according to the text?
A substance that contains hydrogen and can form a salt
How are hydrogen ions (H+) described in aqueous acids?
'Hydro' ions
In a reaction where an acid donates its H+ ions, what is the acid commonly referred to as?
A proton donor
How are acids and bases described in terms of their properties?
Acids and bases have opposite properties and have the ability to neutralize each other.
What is always formed when an acid reacts with a base?
A salt is always formed.
How do acid molecules behave when added to water?
Acid molecules ionize in water, forming positive hydrogen ions (H+ ions) and negative anions.
How can an acid be defined based on its hydrogen content?
An acid is a substance containing hydrogen that can be replaced directly or indirectly by a metal to form a salt.
What is a hydrogen ion (H+) in aqueous acids?
Hydrogen ions (H+) are single protons.
What occurs when an acid reacts with a base?
A salt is formed.
Study Notes
Acid-Base Reactions
- When an acid reacts with a base, a salt and water are always formed.
- Hydrochloric acid reacts with water to produce hydrogen ions (H+) and chloride ions (Cl-).
Acid Classification
- Acid molecules are classified as Arrhenius acids when not dissolved in water.
- An acid is defined as a substance that donates a hydrogen ion (H+) in a reaction.
Hydrogen Ions
- Hydrogen ions (H+) in aqueous acids are highly reactive and will readily donate a proton.
- In a reaction where an acid donates its H+ ions, the acid is commonly referred to as a proton donor.
Acid-Base Properties
- Acids and bases are described in terms of their ability to donate or accept protons (H+ ions).
- Acids are characterized by their ability to donate H+ ions, while bases are characterized by their ability to accept H+ ions.
Acid Behavior
- When acid molecules are added to water, they dissociate into hydrogen ions (H+) and negatively charged ions.
- An acid can be defined as a substance that releases H+ ions in aqueous solutions.
- A hydrogen ion (H+) in aqueous acids is a positively charged ion formed when an acid donates a proton.
Acid-Base Reaction Products
- The reaction between an acid and a base always forms a salt and water.
Test your knowledge on the properties of acids and bases, as well as their reactions to form salts. Explore the characteristics of different types of acids in various states of matter.
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