Acids, Bases, and pH Scale

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz

Study Flashcards

Spaced Repetition

Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the pH range of a strongly acidic solution?

10-12
0-1 (correct)
4-5
8-9

What is the general equation for a neutralization reaction?

Base + Salt → Acid + Water
Acid + Base → Salt + Water (correct)
Base + Acid → Water + Salt
Acid + Base → Salt + Acid

Which of the following is a weak alkali?

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)
Potassium hydroxide (KOH)
Ammonia (NH3) (correct)

What is the pH of a solution that is neutral?

<p>7 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of neutralization reactions in terms of energy?

<p>They are exothermic, releasing heat energy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

pH Scale

A scale used to measure the acidity or basicity of a solution
pH ranges from 0-14, with:
- 0-1: Strongly acidic
- 2-3: Acidic
- 4-5: Weakly acidic
- 6-7: Neutral
- 8-9: Weakly basic
- 10-12: Basic
- 13-14: Strongly basic
pH is calculated using the formula: pH = -log[H+]

Types of Alkalis

Strong Alkalis:
- Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
- Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)
- Potassium hydroxide (KOH)
Weak Alkalis:
- Ammonia (NH3)
- Organic bases (e.g. amines)

Neutralization Reactions

A reaction between an acid and a base to form a salt and water
General equation: Acid + Base → Salt + Water
Examples:
- HCl (acid) + NaOH (base) → NaCl (salt) + H2O (water)
- H2SO4 (acid) + Ca(OH)2 (base) → CaSO4 (salt) + H2O (water)
Neutralization reactions are exothermic, releasing heat energy

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Learn about the pH scale, types of acids and bases, and neutralization reactions. Understand how to calculate pH and identify strong and weak acids and bases.