Podcast
Questions and Answers
Bases generate ______ ions in water.
Bases generate ______ ions in water.
hydroxide
Bases that are soluble in water are called ______.
Bases that are soluble in water are called ______.
alkalis
Alkalis have a ______ touch and a bitter taste.
Alkalis have a ______ touch and a bitter taste.
soapy
The reaction between an acid and a base is called ______.
The reaction between an acid and a base is called ______.
In a neutralization reaction, H+(aq) ions react with OH-(aq) ions to form ______.
In a neutralization reaction, H+(aq) ions react with OH-(aq) ions to form ______.
Dissolving an acid or base in water is a highly ______ process.
Dissolving an acid or base in water is a highly ______ process.
When diluting concentrated acids, the acid should always be added ______ to water with constant stirring to avoid splashing and potential burns.
When diluting concentrated acids, the acid should always be added ______ to water with constant stirring to avoid splashing and potential burns.
During dilution of acids, excessive local heating can cause the glass container to ______.
During dilution of acids, excessive local heating can cause the glass container to ______.
The heat generated when water is added to a concentrated acid may cause the mixture to ______ out and cause burns.
The heat generated when water is added to a concentrated acid may cause the mixture to ______ out and cause burns.
Considering the equilibrium $Mg(OH)_2(s) \rightleftharpoons Mg^{2+}(aq) + 2OH^-(aq)$, the addition of which compound would decrease the concentration of $Mg^{2+}(aq)$ due to the ______ effect?
Considering the equilibrium $Mg(OH)_2(s) \rightleftharpoons Mg^{2+}(aq) + 2OH^-(aq)$, the addition of which compound would decrease the concentration of $Mg^{2+}(aq)$ due to the ______ effect?
Flashcards
Hydroxide ions (OH–)
Hydroxide ions (OH–)
Anions generated by bases when dissolved in water.
Alkalis
Alkalis
Soluble bases that dissolve in water to produce OH– ions.
Neutralization reaction
Neutralization reaction
Reaction where an acid and a base combine to form a salt and water.
Exothermic process
Exothermic process
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Endothermic process
Endothermic process
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Concentrated acid
Concentrated acid
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Dissolving in water
Dissolving in water
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Corrosive substances
Corrosive substances
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Temperature change in reactions
Temperature change in reactions
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Safety precautions
Safety precautions
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Study Notes
Bases and Alkalis
- Bases generate hydroxide (OH-) ions in water.
- Bases that dissolve in water are called alkalis.
- Not all bases dissolve in water.
- Alkalis are soapy, bitter, and corrosive.
- Never taste or touch bases, as they can be harmful.
Neutralisation Reactions
- Acids react with bases to form salts and water.
- The general reaction is: Acid + Base → Salt + Water
- This reaction involves hydrogen (H+) ions from the acid reacting with hydroxide (OH-) ions from the base to form water.
Activity 2.10
- Take 10 mL of water in a beaker.
- Add a few drops of concentrated acid (e.g., H₂SO₄) slowly.
- Touch the base of the beaker.
- Observe the change in temperature.
- Notice if the reaction is exothermic or endothermic.
- Repeat, but add a base to water.
- Record observations.
Dissolving Acids and Bases in Water
- Dissolving an acid or base in water is highly exothermic.
- Carefully add the acid or base to the water (never the other way around).
- Add slowly with constant stirring.
- Always look out for warning signs when using concentrated acids or bases.
- Mixing an acid or base with water decreases the concentration of ions (H₃O⁺/OH⁻) per unit volume—this is called dilution.
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Description
Learn about bases, alkalis, and neutralization reactions. Acids and bases react to form salt and water. Dissolving acids or bases in water is highly exothermic; always add acid or base to water slowly.
