Acids and Bases Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What produces H3O+ ions when placed in water?

Acid

What is a proton (H+) transfer reaction called?

Acid-Base Reaction

What term describes a substance that can act as either an acid or a base?

Amphoteric

What produces OH- ions when placed in water?

Base Signup and view all the answers

What is a Bronstead Lowry Acid?

A proton (H+) donor Signup and view all the answers

What is a Bronstead Lowry Base?

A proton (H+) acceptor Signup and view all the answers

What is a Buffer Solution?

A solution that resists a change in pH Signup and view all the answers

What is Buffer Capacity?

The maximum amount of acid or base that can be added Signup and view all the answers

What do you get when you add a proton (H+) to a base?

Conjugate Acid Signup and view all the answers

What do you get when you remove a proton (H+) from an acid?

Conjugate Base Signup and view all the answers

What is a Conjugate Acid-Base Pair?

Any pair of molecules or ions that can be interconverted by transfer of a proton (H+) Signup and view all the answers

What are Diprotic Acids?

Acids that can give up two protons (H+) Signup and view all the answers

What is the Hydronium Ion?

H3O+ Signup and view all the answers

What is an Indicator in chemistry?

A substance that changes color at a certain pH Signup and view all the answers

What is the Ion Product of Water (Kw)?

1.0 x 10^-14 Signup and view all the answers

What are Monoprotic Acids?

Acids that can give up only one proton (H+) Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for pH?

-log[H3O+] Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a Strong Acid/Strong Base?

Dissociates completely (100%) when put in water Signup and view all the answers

What are Triprotic Acids?

Acids that can give up three protons (H+) Signup and view all the answers

What are Weak Acid/Weak Base?

Dissociates partially (less than 100%) when put in water Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Acids and Bases

Acid: Produces hydronium ions (H3O+) when placed in water.
Base: Produces hydroxide ions (OH-) when placed in water.
Brønsted-Lowry Acid: Donates a proton (H+).
Brønsted-Lowry Base: Accepts a proton (H+).
Amphoteric (amphiprotic): Substance that can act as both an acid and a base.
Conjugate Acid: Formed by adding a proton (H+) to a base.
Conjugate Base: Formed by removing a proton (H+) from an acid.
Conjugate Acid-Base Pair: Any pair of molecules or ions that can be interconverted by the transfer of a proton (H+).

Acid-Base Reactions

Acid-Base Reaction: A proton (H+) transfer reaction.

Strength of Acids and Bases

Strong Acid/Strong Base: Dissociates completely (100%) in water.
Weak Acid/Weak Base: Dissociates partially (less than 100%) in water.

pH

pH: Measures the acidity or alkalinity of a solution.
pH = -log[H3O+]
Hydronium Ion: H3O+

Ion Product of Water

Ion Product of Water (Kw): Describes the equilibrium constant for the autoionization of water.
At 25°C, Kw = 1.0 x 10^-14

Buffer Solutions

Buffer Solution: Resists changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added.
Common Example: An aqueous solution containing a weak acid and its conjugate base.
Buffer Capacity: The maximum amount of acid or base that can be added before the buffer stops working.

Polyprotic Acids

Monoprotic Acid: Can give up only one proton (H+). Example: HCl (Hydrochloric Acid).
Diprotic Acid: Can give up two protons (H+). Example: H2SO4 (Sulfuric Acid).
Triprotic Acid: Can give up three protons (H+). Example: H3PO4 (Phosphoric Acid).
Indicator: Changes color at a specific pH.

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Description

Test your understanding of acids and bases, their reactions, and the concept of pH. This quiz covers important definitions such as Brønsted-Lowry acids and bases, conjugate pairs, and the strength of acids and bases. Perfect for chemistry students looking to solidify their knowledge in this fundamental topic.