Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the pH range of a solution?
What is the pH range of a solution?
What happens when an acid reacts with a metal?
What happens when an acid reacts with a metal?
What is the characteristic of a strong acid?
What is the characteristic of a strong acid?
What is the pH of a neutral solution?
What is the pH of a neutral solution?
Signup and view all the answers
What happens when an alkali reacts with oils?
What happens when an alkali reacts with oils?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the characteristic of a weak alkali?
What is the characteristic of a weak alkali?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Definition and Examples
- Acids: Substances that donate a proton (H+ ion) in a solution. Examples:
- Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
- Sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
- Nitric acid (HNO3)
- Alkalis (Bases): Substances that accept a proton (H+ ion) in a solution. Examples:
- Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
- Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)
- Ammonia (NH3)
pH Scale
- pH: A measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution
- pH range: 0-14
- Acidic: pH < 7
- Neutral: pH = 7
- Alkaline: pH > 7
Characteristics of Acids and Alkalis
- Acids:
- Turn litmus paper red
- React with metals to produce H2 gas
- React with carbonates to produce CO2 gas
- Alkalis:
- Turn litmus paper blue
- Feel soapy to the touch
- React with oils to produce soap
Strong and Weak Acids and Alkalis
- Strong acids: Completely dissociate in water, releasing all H+ ions. Examples:
- Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
- Sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
- Weak acids: Partially dissociate in water, releasing some H+ ions. Examples:
- Citric acid (C6H8O7)
- Acetic acid (CH3COOH)
- Strong alkalis: Completely dissociate in water, releasing all OH- ions. Examples:
- Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
- Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)
- Weak alkalis: Partially dissociate in water, releasing some OH- ions. Examples:
- Ammonia (NH3)
- Trimethylamine (N(CH3)3)
Definition of Acids and Alkalis
- Acids: substances that donate a proton (H+ ion) in a solution
- Examples of acids: hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulfuric acid (H2SO4), nitric acid (HNO3)
- Alkalis (Bases): substances that accept a proton (H+ ion) in a solution
- Examples of alkalis: sodium hydroxide (NaOH), calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2), ammonia (NH3)
pH Scale
- pH: a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution
- pH range: 0-14
- Acidic: pH < 7
- Neutral: pH = 7
- Alkaline: pH > 7
Characteristics of Acids
- Turn litmus paper red
- React with metals to produce H2 gas
- React with carbonates to produce CO2 gas
Characteristics of Alkalis
- Turn litmus paper blue
- Feel soapy to the touch
- React with oils to produce soap
Strong and Weak Acids and Alkalis
- Strong acids: completely dissociate in water, releasing all H+ ions
- Examples of strong acids: hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
- Weak acids: partially dissociate in water, releasing some H+ ions
- Examples of weak acids: citric acid (C6H8O7), acetic acid (CH3COOH)
- Strong alkalis: completely dissociate in water, releasing all OH- ions
- Examples of strong alkalis: sodium hydroxide (NaOH), calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)
- Weak alkalis: partially dissociate in water, releasing some OH- ions
- Examples of weak alkalis: ammonia (NH3), trimethylamine (N(CH3)3)
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Quiz on acids and bases, including their definitions, examples and pH scale. Learn about substances that donate or accept protons in a solution and how to measure their concentration with pH levels.
