Acid-Metal and Carbonate Reactions
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Questions and Answers

What is the product formed when hydrochloric acid reacts with magnesium hydroxide?

  • Barium nitrate
  • Sodium sulfate
  • Magnesium chloride (correct)
  • Potassium chloride

    • What type of reaction occurs between an acid and an alkali?

  • Decomposition
  • Combustion
  • Precipitation
  • Neutralization (correct)

    • On the pH scale, which number represents the most basic substance?

  • 1
  • 7
  • 14 (correct)
  • 10

    • What color does a universal indicator show in a strong acid?

    <p>Red</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for hydrochloric acid?

    <p>HCl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chemical formula for hydrochloric acid?

    <p>HCl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a weaker alkali is used in a neutralization reaction with hydrochloric acid, what would likely happen?

    <p>Greater volume of alkali would be needed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what point is hydrochloric acid neutralized when mixed with NaOH?

    <p>At pH 7</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How would the results differ if a weaker alkali were used?

    <p>Greater volume of alkali needed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What substance is measured on the pH scale?

    <p>Acidity and alkalinity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which substance can neutralize excess stomach acid?

    <p>Sodium bicarbonate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the color of universal indicator in a base?

    <p>It turns purple</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is produced when acids react with metal carbonates?

    <p>Carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the products of neutralization between an acid and a base?

    <p>Salt and water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for using toothpaste for treating tooth decay?

    <p>It neutralizes the acid produced by food particles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common use of strong acids with metal carbonates?

    <p>To create salts and water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of salt is produced from hydrochloric acid?

    <p>Chloride</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gas indicates the presence of carbon dioxide when tested with limewater?

    <p>Carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do plants require neutralization of acidic or basic soils?

    <p>To enhance growth and survival.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a necessary step in testing for the gas produced in reactions between acids and carbonates?

    <p>Collecting the gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement correctly describes the pH of a neutral solution?

    <p>The pH is equal to 7.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common antacid used to neutralize excess stomach acid?

    <p>Sodium bicarbonate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reaction occurs when acids react with metal carbonates?

    <p>Exothermic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general equation for the neutralization reaction?

    <p>Acid + Alkali → Salt + Water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which equation correctly represents the products of the reaction between calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid?

    <p>Calcium chloride + water + carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common alkali?

    <p>Potassium hydroxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which acid produces nitrate salts?

    <p>Nitric acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to limewater when it reacts with carbon dioxide?

    <p>It turns cloudy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following compounds is part of a metal carbonate?

    <p>Calcium carbonate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does a universal indicator play in measuring pH?

    <p>It changes color depending on the acid concentration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when an acid and a strong base mix in equal strengths?

    <p>The solution becomes neutral.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is produced when sulfuric acid reacts with a base?

    <p>Sulfate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What substance is used to neutralise stomach acid?

    <p>Bicarbonate of soda</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pH of water, which is considered neutral?

    <p>7</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If an acid has a pH of 1, which substance would effectively neutralise it?

    <p>Bleach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When reacting metals with hydrochloric acid, what reaction product is commonly observed?

    <p>Bubble formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is formed as a product when hydrochloric acid reacts with a metal?

    <p>Salt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What will be the result of a metal reacting with an acid?

    <p>Fizzing and bubbling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an impossible reaction pair?

    <p>Na and HNO3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be balanced in the equations during metal-acid reactions?

    <p>Reactants and products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when a metal reacts with an acid?

    <p>A gas is produced along with a salt.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the reactants when aluminum reacts with hydrochloric acid?

    <p>Aluminum and hydrochloric acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should the results of the reaction be recorded?

    <p>Both observations and reaction time should be recorded.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the experiments, what does the word 'products' refer to?

    <p>The substances formed after a reaction has occurred.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is produced when sodium reacts with hydrochloric acid?

    <p>Sodium chloride and hydrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following reactions is classified as a decomposition reaction?

    <p>Water forming hydrogen and oxygen gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of equation is used to represent the reaction between metals and acids?

    <p>Word equation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement describes a characteristic of metals in terms of their reactivity with acids?

    <p>More reactive metals tend to react more vigorously with acids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Acid-Metal Reactions

    • Acids react with metals to produce a salt and hydrogen gas.
    • The specific salt formed depends on the acid and metal reacting.
    • A table of examples shows the various salts produced by different reactions.

    Testing for Hydrogen Gas

    • Detailed instructions on how to test for the presence of hydrogen gas in a chemical reaction are not provided in the text.

    Acids and Carbonates

    • Acids react with carbonates to produce carbon dioxide gas, water, and a salt
    • Carbon dioxide turns limewater cloudy
    • The general word equation for this reaction is: Carbonate + Acid → Salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide
    • Specific examples of this reaction, including word and symbol equations, are provided.

    Metal Carbonates

    • Metal carbonates are salts of carbonic acid.
    • Carbonic acid is a weak acid that can be replaced by stronger acids.
    • Carbonic acid readily decomposes into water and carbon dioxide.
    • Metal carbonates react with acids to produce salt, water, and carbon dioxide gas.
    • Examples of metal carbonate reactions include copper carbonate reacting with sulfuric acid to produce copper(II) sulfate, water, and carbon dioxide. Another example is calcium carbonate reacting with hydrochloric acid to form calcium chloride, water, and carbon dioxide.

    Neutralisation

    • The opposite of an acid is a base
    • Alkalis are soluble bases
    • Acidity is measured on the pH scale, ranging from 1 to 14
    • A reaction between an acid and an alkali produces a salt and water
    • Acids and alkalis can be strong or weak.
    • The pH of a solution determines its acidity or alkalinity, neutral is pH7
    • Various examples of acids and alkalis are given.

    pH Scale

    • The pH scale measures acidity or alkalinity
    • Universal Indicator changes colors depending on the pH
    • Seven is neutral on the pH scale.
    • Below seven is acidic and above seven is alkaline

    Uses of Neutralization

    • Neutralisation is used to treat acidity (e.g., indigestion)
    • Neutralisation is used to treat acidic or basic soils
    • Neutralisation is used to treat tooth decay

    Recording Observations

    • Instructions on how to do an experiment on reacting metals and acids and collecting observations; this includes a table to record the observations

    Chemical Reactions: Reactants and Products

    • Reactants are the initial substances in a chemical reaction
    • Products are the substances formed by the chemical reaction.
    • Equations can be either decomposition or combination reactions

    Naming Salts

    • The name of the salt is formed by combining the name of the metal with the name of the acid.
    • The ending of the name of the salt part of the acid e.g. chlorides, sulfates, nitrates, ethanoate

    Homework

    • Complete word equations for different metal and acid reactions

    Reactivity Patterns

    • The reactivity order of metals with acids follows a pattern in the periodic table

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    Description

    Explore the fascinating world of acid-metal and acid-carbonate reactions. This quiz covers the production of salts, hydrogen gas, and the effects of these reactions, including the cloudy appearance of limewater. Test your understanding with examples and equations.

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