Acid-Base Titrations Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of the titrant in a titration?

  • To neutralize the excess acid or base in the solution
  • To measure the volume of the analyte
  • To indicate the end point of the reaction
  • To react with the analyte in a known concentration (correct)

What is the difference between the equivalence point and the end point in a titration?

  • The equivalence point and the end point are the same thing.
  • The equivalence point is the point where the indicator changes color, while the end point is the point where the reaction is complete.
  • The equivalence point is the point where the analyte is consumed, while the end point is the point where the titrant is consumed.
  • The equivalence point is the point where the reaction is complete, while the end point is the point where the indicator changes color. (correct)

What is the purpose of using a standardized titrant solution in a titration?

  • To indicate the end point of the reaction
  • To ensure the titrant has a known concentration (correct)
  • To neutralize the excess acid or base in the solution
  • To measure the volume of the analyte

What type of volumetric equipment is typically used to measure the volume of titrant added during a titration?

<p>Burette (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using an indicator in a titration?

<p>To reveal the equivalence point by changing color (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What information can be obtained from a titration curve?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key requirement for a successful titration?

<p>Stoichiometric reaction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following indicators may not be suitable for the titration described in the text?

<p>Bromothymol blue (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the equivalence point and the pH value?

<p>Equivalence point occurs at pH 7 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for a titration reaction to have a well-defined endpoint?

<p>To prevent side reactions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using an indicator in a titration?

<p>To indicate the endpoint of the reaction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the given titration, what could happen if there was an interference from a foreign substance?

<p>The endpoint might be incorrect leading to wrong results (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of standardization in the context of the text?

<p>To determine the concentration of an unknown solution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In volumetric analysis, what is the significance of the end point?

<p>It signals the completion of the reaction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is observed at the equivalent point during titration?

<p>An equivalent amount of titrant is added (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which piece of volumetric equipment is specifically used for measuring precise volumes of solutions?

<p>Pipette (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a burette in volumetric analysis?

<p>Pouring measured volumes of solutions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is an indicator used during titration?

<p>To determine the equivalent point (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Titrant

A solution of known concentration used to react with the analyte in a titration.

Analyte

The substance of unknown concentration being analyzed in a titration.

Equivalence Point

The point in a titration where the moles of titrant exactly equal the moles of analyte.

End Point

The point in a titration where the indicator changes color, signaling the end of the reaction.

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Standardized Titrant

A titrant solution whose concentration is precisely known.

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Burette

A graduated glass tube with a stopcock used to deliver precise volumes of titrant solution.

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Indicator

A substance that changes color at or near the equivalence point of a titration.

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Titration Curve

A graph showing the change in pH of a solution as a function of the volume of titrant added.

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Stoichiometric Reaction

A chemical reaction where the reactants react in exact whole number ratios, ensuring a precise endpoint.

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Endpoint Selection

Choosing the right indicator to match the reaction for a precise endpoint.

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Equivalence Point and pH

The equivalence point of a titration may not always be exactly at pH 7, depending on the specific acid-base reaction.

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Well-Defined Endpoint

An endpoint that clearly signals the completion of the reaction, eliminating side reactions.

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Endpoint for Titration

The point when the indicator changes color, signaling the end of the reaction.

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Interference in Titration

A foreign substance that can interfere with the reaction, leading to inaccurate results.

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Standardization

The process of finding the exact concentration of a solution, typically by reacting it with a known amount of a standard substance.

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End Point in Volumetric Analysis

The point where the indicator changes color, marking the completion of the reaction.

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Equivalent Point in Titration

The point at which the moles of titrant exactly equal the moles of analyte.

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Pipette

A graduated tube used to measure precise volumes of liquids.

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Burette in Volumetric Analysis

A graduated glass tube with a stopcock used to deliver controlled volumes of solution.

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Study Notes

Titration

  • Titration involves acid-base neutralization reactions to determine the concentration of a solution.
  • The reaction requires a known solution (titrant) added to a solution of unknown concentration (analyte).

Key Concepts

  • Equivalence Point: The point where both acid and base have been consumed (equivalent or exactly stoichiometric amount), with neither in excess.
  • End Point: The actual result obtained by observing a sudden change of physical properties, such as a color change, near the equivalent point.
  • Titration Curve: A plot of pH vs. volume.

Titration Process

  • Direct Titration: Titrant is added to the analyte until the reaction is complete.
  • Back Titration: An alternative technique to direct titration.

Requirements for Titration

  • Reaction must be stoichiometric and well-defined between titrant and analyte.
  • Reaction should be rapid and have no side reactions or interference from other substances.
  • There must be an indication of the end of the reaction, such as a color change or sudden increase in pH.

Equipment Used

  • Pipette: Measuring accurate and precise volumes of solutions.
  • Burette: Pouring measured volumes of solutions.
  • Conical Flask: Mixing two solutions.
  • Wash Bottles: Containing distilled water for cleaning equipment.
  • Funnel: Transferring liquids without spilling.
  • Volumetric Flasks: Making up accurate volumes for solutions of known concentration.

Example Calculation

  • Calculate the molarity of the base: Mb = 0.3157 M

Standardization

  • Standardization: A process to determine the concentration of a solution of known concentration by titrating with a primary standard.

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