Acid Base Titration Quiz and Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is the point at which the mole of acid is equal to the mole of base?

End point

Titration point

Equivalence point (correct)

Reaction point

What is the purpose of the indicator in a neutralization reaction?

To change the color of the solution at the end point (correct)

To determine the concentration of the base

To react with the acid and base

To determine the concentration of the acid

What is the formula to calculate the molarity of a solution?

Molarity = Volume / Moles

Molarity = Moles × Volume

Molarity = Moles / Volume (correct)

Molarity = Volume × Moles

What is the term for the number of reacting hydrogen ions in an acid?

facid Signup and view all the answers

What is the solution with unknown concentration in a titration reaction?

Analyte Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical pH range of an acid-base titration using Methyl orange as the indicator?

2-5 Signup and view all the answers

At what point does the acid react completely with the base?

Equivalence point Signup and view all the answers

What is the color of the Phenolphthalein indicator in a basic medium?

Dark pink Signup and view all the answers

What is the point at which the acid reacts completely with the base in an acid-base titration?

Equivalence point Signup and view all the answers

Why is the volume difference between the equivalence point and the end point ignored in calculations?

Because the volume difference is too small Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an indicator in an acid-base titration?

To detect the end point Signup and view all the answers

What is the reaction that occurs in an acid-base titration?

H+ + OH- → H2O Signup and view all the answers

What is the main objective of acid-base titration?

To determine the concentration of a solution with unknown concentration Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the method of quantitative chemical analysis used in titration?

Volumetric analysis Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the indicator in acid-base titration?

To detect the end point of the reaction Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the reaction that occurs in acid-base titration?

Neutralization Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the solution with known concentration used in acid-base titration?

Standard Signup and view all the answers

Why is the selection of an indicator dependent on the pH at the end point?

Because the pH affects the color of the indicator Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adding phenolphthalein indicator to the flask?

To observe the end point of the titration reaction Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to stop the titration as close to the end point as possible?

To ensure accurate calculation of the NaOH solution's molarity Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of repeating the titration procedure two or more times?

To obtain a more accurate molarity of the NaOH solution Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula used to calculate the molarity of the NaOH solution?

Not mentioned in the text Signup and view all the answers

What is the criterion for accepting the molarity values of the NaOH solution?

The molarity values should differ by no more than 1% Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of calculating the percentage difference between the molarity values of the unknown sulfuric acid?

To check the accuracy of the titration procedure Signup and view all the answers

What is the ratio of the moles of HCl to the moles of Al(OH)3 in the reaction?

1:3 Signup and view all the answers

What is the molar mass of the diprotic acid in the given problem?

89.7 g/mol Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the pH value during the titration of a strong acid with a strong base?

It changes slowly until just before the equivalence point and then rises sharply. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of removing air bubbles from the tip of the burette?

To ensure accurate readings Signup and view all the answers

Why is it necessary to rinse the pipette with the unknown sulfuric acid solution?

To ensure the accurate delivery of the solution Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the acid-base indicator in the titration experiment?

To indicate the endpoint of the reaction Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Acid-Base Titrations (Neutralization)

Acid-base titration is based on the neutralization reaction between an acid (usually analyte) and a base (usually standard).
The reaction is: H+ (acid) + OH- (base)
The type of indicator used in the titration depends on the pH of the solution.

Indicators

An indicator has three colors: color before the pH range, color within the pH range, and color after the pH range.
Examples of indicators:
- Methyl orange: strong acid with weak base, pH at end point ≈ 2-5
- Phenolphthalein: strong acid with strong base, pH at end point ≈ 6-9
- Phenolphthalein or Alizarin: weak acid with strong base, pH at end point ≈ 9-13

Equivalence Point and End Point

Equivalence point: the point at which the acid reacts completely with the base.
End point: the point at which the indicator changes its color, and the color of the solution changes.
The difference between the two points is negligible, and the volume difference is ignored in calculations.

Neutralization Reactions Definitions

Equivalence point: the point in the reaction at which the number of moles of acid is equal to the number of moles of base.
End point: the point at which the indicator changes its color, and the color of the solution changes.
Titrant (standard solution): the solution with a known concentration, usually filled in the burette.
Analyte: the solution with an unknown concentration, usually filled in the flask.

Calculations

Molarity (mol/L) = number of moles (mol) / volume (L)
At the equivalence point: facid × Moles acid = fbase × Moles base
facid × (M × V)acid = fbase × (M × V)base
M = Molarity, V = Volume of solution, facid = number of reacting hydrogen (H+), fbase = number of reacting hydroxide (OH-)

Titration Basics

Titration is a common laboratory method of quantitative chemical analysis used to determine the concentration of a solution with unknown concentration (analyte) using another solution with known concentration (standard).
The end point is detected by the indicator.
Volume measurements play a key role in titration, and it is also known as volumetric analysis.

Quantitative Analysis

Objectives:
- Determine the concentration of a solution with unknown concentration (analyte) using another solution with known concentration (standard).
- Practice the titration (volumetric method).
Acid-base titration is a type of titration used to determine the concentration of an acid or base.

Evolution of the Burette

In an acid-base titration experiment, a solution of accurately known molar concentration (standard base) is added gradually from a burette to another solution of unknown concentration (analyte acid) in a flask, until the chemical reaction (neutralization) between the acid and the base is complete.
The end point of the reaction is detected using an indicator.

Experiment Procedure

Titration of unknown concentration H2SO4 using standard NaOH:
1. Clean a burette and rinse it with distilled water and fill the burette with the standard NaOH solution.
2. Make sure that the air bubbles are removed from the tip of the burette, and that the initial reading is within the scale of the burette.
3. Rinse a 10.00 ml pipette with distilled water and then with about 1 ml of the unknown sulfuric acid solution.
4. Pipette a 10.00 ml of the unknown sulfuric acid into a clean 125 ml Erlenmeyer flask.
5. ...

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Description

Learn about the basics of titration, a laboratory method used to determine the concentration of a solution with unknown concentration using a solution with known concentration. Practice the volumetric method and understand the objectives of acid-base titration.

Acid-Base Titration

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