Ionic Equilibrium

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of understanding pH changes in titrations?

  • To calculate the hydrolysis constant
  • To determine the strong acid vs strong base
  • To determine the degree of hydrolysis
  • To select a suitable indicator (correct)

What is the pH range for which phenolphthalein is a suitable indicator?

  • 3.2 to 4.5
  • 4.4 to 6.5
  • 8.3 to 10.5 (correct)
  • 6.5 to 8.3

Why are different indicators used for different systems in acid-base titrations?

  • Because indicators are either weak acids or weak bases (correct)
  • Because indicators are either strong acids or strong bases
  • Because the hydrolysis constant of indicators is different
  • Because the pH range of indicators is different

What is the ratio of the two forms of indicator that the human eye can detect a colour change?

<p>0.1 to 10 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of titration does not have a suitable indicator?

<p>Weak acid vs weak base (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equilibrium constant for the indicator reaction?

<p>KIn = [H+][In-] / [HIn] (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the degree of hydrolysis defined as?

<p>The fraction (or percentage) of the total salt which is hydrolysed at equilibrium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the hydrolysis constant (Kh) of a weak acid or base?

<p>The equilibrium constant for the reaction of the acid or base with water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an indicator in an acid-base titration?

<p>To detect the equivalence point of the reaction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of salt will undergo hydrolysis in an aqueous solution?

<p>Salts of weak acids and strong bases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the hydrolysis constant (Kh) and the acid dissociation constant (Ka) and base dissociation constant (Kb)?

<p>Kh = Kw / Kb (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the colour of the indicator methyl orange in an acidic solution?

<p>Yellow (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general equation for the hydrolysis of a salt (BA)?

<p>BA + H2O ⇌ HA + BOH (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of the hydrolysis constant (Kh)?

<p>no unit (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of salt does not undergo hydrolysis?

<p>Salt of strong acid and strong base (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an indicator in acid-base titrations?

<p>To determine the end point of the titration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the pH range of Cresol red indicator?

<p>1.2 – 1.8 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of buffer systems in biological systems?

<p>To maintain a constant pH (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition for precipitation to occur in a solution?

<p>Ionic product is greater than the solubility product (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adding a group reagent in qualitative analysis?

<p>To identify the basic radicals in different groups (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason for the precipitation of soap from a solution?

<p>The ionic product of soap exceeds its solubility product (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the criterion for an electrolyte to be unsaturated?

<p>Ionic product is less than the solubility product (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the ionic product and solubility product in a saturated solution?

<p>Ionic product is equal to the solubility product (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of separating soap from a solution by adding a salt known as?

<p>Salting out (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of electrolyte is represented by the formula Ksp = [Ag+]2[CrO42-]?

<p>A2 B3 type salt (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adding a concentrated solution of NaCl to a soap solution?

<p>To precipitate soap from the solution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the ionic product exceeds the solubility product?

<p>The equilibrium shifts towards the left-hand side (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition required for the precipitation of group second radicals such as Pb+2?

<p>Presence of dilute HCl (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of adding an electrolyte to a solution to increase the concentration of one of the ions?

<p>Salting out (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the product of the concentrations of the ions in a solution raised to their respective stoichiometric coefficients?

<p>Ionic product (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the product of concentrations of H+ and OH- ions in water at a particular temperature?

<p>Ionic product of water (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of electrolyte is water, and what is its characteristic?

<p>Weak electrolyte, partially dissociates (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reaction between FeSO4 and KCN, resulting in the formation of K4[Fe(CN)6] and K2SO4?

<p>Complexation reaction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe salts that furnish more than one cation or more than one anion when dissolved in water?

<p>Mixed salt (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the phenomenon where the solubility of a soap is decreased in the presence of a high concentration of ions?

<p>Salting out of soap (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the process of neutralization, where an acid and a base react to form salt and water?

<p>Neutralization (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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