Ionic Equilibrium

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What is the purpose of understanding pH changes in titrations?

To calculate the hydrolysis constant

To determine the strong acid vs strong base

To determine the degree of hydrolysis

To select a suitable indicator (correct)

What is the pH range for which phenolphthalein is a suitable indicator?

3.2 to 4.5

4.4 to 6.5

8.3 to 10.5 (correct)

6.5 to 8.3

Why are different indicators used for different systems in acid-base titrations?

Because indicators are either weak acids or weak bases (correct)

Because indicators are either strong acids or strong bases

Because the hydrolysis constant of indicators is different

Because the pH range of indicators is different

What is the ratio of the two forms of indicator that the human eye can detect a colour change?

0.1 to 10 Signup and view all the answers

What type of titration does not have a suitable indicator?

Weak acid vs weak base Signup and view all the answers

What is the equilibrium constant for the indicator reaction?

KIn = [H+][In-] / [HIn] Signup and view all the answers

What is the degree of hydrolysis defined as?

The fraction (or percentage) of the total salt which is hydrolysed at equilibrium Signup and view all the answers

What is the hydrolysis constant (Kh) of a weak acid or base?

The equilibrium constant for the reaction of the acid or base with water Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an indicator in an acid-base titration?

To detect the equivalence point of the reaction Signup and view all the answers

What type of salt will undergo hydrolysis in an aqueous solution?

Salts of weak acids and strong bases Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the hydrolysis constant (Kh) and the acid dissociation constant (Ka) and base dissociation constant (Kb)?

Kh = Kw / Kb Signup and view all the answers

What is the colour of the indicator methyl orange in an acidic solution?

Yellow Signup and view all the answers

What is the general equation for the hydrolysis of a salt (BA)?

BA + H2O ⇌ HA + BOH Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of the hydrolysis constant (Kh)?

no unit Signup and view all the answers

What type of salt does not undergo hydrolysis?

Salt of strong acid and strong base Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an indicator in acid-base titrations?

To determine the end point of the titration Signup and view all the answers

What is the pH range of Cresol red indicator?

1.2 – 1.8 Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of buffer systems in biological systems?

To maintain a constant pH Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition for precipitation to occur in a solution?

Ionic product is greater than the solubility product Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adding a group reagent in qualitative analysis?

To identify the basic radicals in different groups Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason for the precipitation of soap from a solution?

The ionic product of soap exceeds its solubility product Signup and view all the answers

What is the criterion for an electrolyte to be unsaturated?

Ionic product is less than the solubility product Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the ionic product and solubility product in a saturated solution?

Ionic product is equal to the solubility product Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of separating soap from a solution by adding a salt known as?

Salting out Signup and view all the answers

What type of electrolyte is represented by the formula Ksp = [Ag+]2[CrO42-]?

A2 B3 type salt Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adding a concentrated solution of NaCl to a soap solution?

To precipitate soap from the solution Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the ionic product exceeds the solubility product?

The equilibrium shifts towards the left-hand side Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition required for the precipitation of group second radicals such as Pb+2?

Presence of dilute HCl Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of adding an electrolyte to a solution to increase the concentration of one of the ions?

Salting out Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the product of the concentrations of the ions in a solution raised to their respective stoichiometric coefficients?

Ionic product Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the product of concentrations of H+ and OH- ions in water at a particular temperature?

Ionic product of water Signup and view all the answers

What type of electrolyte is water, and what is its characteristic?

Weak electrolyte, partially dissociates Signup and view all the answers

What is the reaction between FeSO4 and KCN, resulting in the formation of K4[Fe(CN)6] and K2SO4?

Complexation reaction Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe salts that furnish more than one cation or more than one anion when dissolved in water?

Mixed salt Signup and view all the answers

What is the phenomenon where the solubility of a soap is decreased in the presence of a high concentration of ions?

Salting out of soap Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the process of neutralization, where an acid and a base react to form salt and water?

Neutralization Signup and view all the answers