Acid, Base or Salt? Flashcards

Study Notes

HNO3: Strong acid, commonly known as nitric acid.
HCl: Strong acid, known as hydrochloric acid, widely used in various industries.
H2S: Weak acid, known as hydrogen sulfide; has a distinct rotten egg smell.
H2SO4: Strong acid, known as sulfuric acid, a highly corrosive substance.
H3PO4: Weak acid, known as phosphoric acid, often used in fertilizers and food flavoring.
H2CO3: Weak acid, known as carbonic acid, formed in solution with carbon dioxide.
HBr: Strong acid, known as hydrobromic acid, used in chemical reactions.

NaOH: Strong base, also known as sodium hydroxide; used in soap making and as a drain cleaner.
Ba(OH)2: Strong base, known as barium hydroxide, utilized in various applications, including water treatment.
KOH: Strong base, known as potassium hydroxide; used in various chemical processes.
Mg(OH)2: Strong base, known as magnesium hydroxide; commonly used as an antacid.
NH4OH: Weak base, ammonium hydroxide, used in cleaning products and as a fertilizer.

NaNO3: Salt, known as sodium nitrate; used in fertilizers and food preservation.
KCl: Salt, known as potassium chloride; commonly used in medical treatments and as a salt substitute.
Al(NO3)3: Salt, aluminum nitrate, used in various industrial applications.
CaCl2: Salt, calcium chloride; used for de-icing roads and as a drying agent.
Na2SO4: Salt, sodium sulfate; used in detergents and as a filler in various products.
NH4Cl: Salt, ammonium chloride; utilized in fertilizers and in food processing.
FeBr3: Salt, iron(III) bromide; plays a role in chemical synthesis.

Acids are characterized by starting with the letter "H" in their formulas.
Bases typically end with "OH" in their compositions.
Salts consist of a cation (positively charged ion) and an anion (negatively charged ion).