Questions and Answers
What is defined as a 'good practice' that should have the potential for replication and adaptability to similar objectives in varying situations?
Participatory approaches
Who are considered stakeholders in a project?
Gender analysis is a systematic way of examining differences in roles and norms for women and men, girls and boys, and the impact of these differences in their lives in terms of ________________.
needs, constraints, and opportunities
What is the full form of ACHA?
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When was ACHA established?
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What is the registration number of ACHA?
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What is the purpose of the LFA matrix?
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Participatory approaches are used to ensure community involvement in project planning.
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What is the Theory of Change (ToC)?
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What is the purpose of the Human Rights Based Approach (HRBA)?
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Stakeholder analysis is used to identify project stakeholders and their interests.
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What is the purpose of the Risk Management process?
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What is the purpose of the SWOT Analysis?
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What is the purpose of the Project Performance Measurement Framework?
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What is the purpose of the Project Grant Application?
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What is the purpose of Project Reporting?
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What are the four levels of participation intensity as described in the text?
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In the Theory of Change, what is the main focus in considering change?
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Human Rights Based Approach includes principles like participation, transparency, and accountability.
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Gender analysis examines differences in roles and norms for women and men, girls and boys, and the impact of these differences in their ____________.
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Match the following risk types with their descriptions:
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What approach has ACHA adopted to improve the quality of health care services provided to local communities?
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Is ACHA guided by human rights principles such as equity, equality, and transparency?
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What is the aim of the Project Management Manual for ACHA?
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ACHA has established Woman's Health Centre in Jabalia and Najat Center in Gaza to provide safe, dignified and gender-responsive multisectoral services for vulnerable woman and girls, especially GBV ____________.
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Match the following project management concepts with their definitions:
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What is the purpose of TOR?
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A good contract should share risks fairly, motivate each party, balance the interests of the parties involved, and prevent ________________.
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Fixed-price-incentive fee contracts offer incentives if defined performance criteria are met.
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What is the purpose of evaluation?
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What does an auditor express a conclusion on?
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Define Evaluation in the context of monitoring, evaluation, and audit.
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Monitoring involves a systematic and continuous collection, analysis, and use of management information to support effective decision-making.
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Evaluation determines project relevance, development efficiency, ____, impact, and sustainability.
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What is the purpose of the Donor matrix mentioned in the content?
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What are some examples of assessment criteria for NGOs during the prequalification/due diligence process?
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Large grants require a two-step application process. In the first instance, only __________ must be submitted for evaluation.
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Project reports are important because they ensure accurate communication about project goals, objectives, and progress.
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What is the philosophy underlying project reporting?
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What are the characteristics of effective reports according to the text? (Select all that apply)
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Common elements in all types of reports include ____, ___ and ____.
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Narrative progress reports are required to be submitted by electronic mail no later than one week after the end of the reporting period.
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Study Notes
ACHA Project Management Manual
- The Abdel Shafi Community Health Association (ACHA) Project Management Manual was created in May 2023.
Background Information on ACHA
- ACHA is an independent non-profit organization established in 1969 and started to work in 1972.
- It was licensed by the Ministry of Interior in 2003 under registration number 1901.
Table of Contents
- The manual consists of 12 chapters, covering topics such as project management concepts, project planning, project budgeting, and project reporting.
List of Tables, Figures, and Abbreviations
- The manual includes several tables, figures, and abbreviations, including the LFA matrix, stakeholder analysis matrix, SWOT matrix, and others.
Key Concepts and Definitions
- Project: A temporary endeavor with a specific goal, scope, and timeline.
- Project planning checklist: A tool used to ensure all necessary steps are taken in the planning phase.
- Project quality assessment criteria and standards: Guidelines for evaluating project performance.
- Logical/Result Framework Approach (LFA): A methodology for project planning and management.
- Theory of Change (ToC): A framework for understanding how a project will achieve its goals.
- Human Rights-Based Approach (HRBA): A approach that prioritizes human rights in project planning and implementation.
Project Management Tools and Techniques
- Participatory approaches: Methods that involve stakeholders in the project planning and implementation process.
- Stakeholder analysis: A technique for identifying and analyzing stakeholders' interests and needs.
- Risk management: A process for identifying, assessing, and mitigating risks in project implementation.
- SWOT analysis: A framework for analyzing an organization's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats.
Project Cycle Management
- Phases of project cycle management: Programming, identification, formulation, financing, implementation, and evaluation and audit.
Monitoring, Evaluation, Accountability, and Learning (MEAL)
- MEAL framework: A set of principles and tools for monitoring, evaluating, and learning from project experiences.
- Monitoring: Ongoing tracking and reporting of project progress.
- Evaluation: Assessing project performance and impact against its goals and objectives.
- Accountability: Taking responsibility for project actions and outcomes.
- Learning: Identifying lessons and applying them to improve future projects.
Protection Mainstreaming, Access, and Fundraising
- Protection mainstreaming: Integrating protection principles into project design and implementation.
- Access: Ensuring that project beneficiaries have access to services and resources.
- Fundraising: Securing financial resources to support project implementation.
Project Reporting
- Importance of reporting: Timely and accurate reporting is essential for project management and accountability.
- Reporting philosophy: Reports should be clear, concise, and focused on project outcomes.
- Types of reports: Narrative progress reports, final narrative reports, and edited reports.### Introduction to ACHA
- ACHA (Association for Culture and Humanities Assistance) provides humanitarian and health services to marginalized poor people
- ACHA links relief, recovery, and development interventions, focusing on primary health care and human rights-based approaches
- ACHA has established and operated Woman's Health Centre and Najat Center in Gaza to provide multisectoral services for vulnerable women and girls
ACHA's Vision and Mission
- ACHA's vision is to play an innovative and catalytic role in providing integrated people-focused healthcare, GBV, educational, and cultural services
- ACHA's mission is to provide integrated people-focused healthcare, GBV protection, educational, and cultural services through capacity development, healthcare, women protection, and empowerment, and educational and cultural programs
- ACHA is guided by human rights principles, including equity, equality, accountability, rule of law, transparency, tolerance, respect, non-discrimination, participation, and empowerment of vulnerable groups
ACHA's Strategic Goals
- Develop the capacity of ACHA and partners
- Contribute to improving health conditions of people in the Gaza Strip
- Contribute to protection and empowerment of women through safe, dignified, and integrated multisectoral GBV services
- Contribute to promoting Palestinian identity and community culture in the Gaza Strip
Rationale for the Project Management Manual
- The manual provides ACHA with a set of tools to develop project ideas, prepare project proposals, and manage projects effectively
- The manual aims to support well management practices and effective decision making throughout the project management cycle
Project Management Concepts and Definitions
- A project is a series of activities aimed at bringing about clearly specified results within a defined time-period and with a defined budget under assessed and mitigated risks
- Project Cycle Management (PCM) is a methodology for the preparation, implementation, and evaluation of projects based on the principles of the Result Framework Approach
- Result Framework Approach is a way of structuring the main elements in a project, highlighting logical linkages between intended inputs, planned activities, and expected results
Monitoring and Evaluation
- Monitoring is an ongoing analysis of project progress towards achieving planned results with the purpose of improving management decision making
- Evaluation is an assessment of the efficiency, effectiveness, impact, relevance, and sustainability of projects
- Accountability is holding people charged with a public mandate responsible and answerable for their actions, activities, and decisions
Key Concepts and Definitions
- Theory of Change (TOC) is an ongoing process of reflection to explore change that we want to make or contribute to
- Human Rights-Based Approach (HRBA) assessment and analysis to identify human rights claims of rights-holders and the corresponding human rights obligations of duty-bearers
- Stakeholder Analysis involves the identification of all stakeholder groups likely to be affected by the proposed intervention
- SWOT Analysis is an analysis of an organization's Strengths and Weaknesses, and the Opportunities and Threats that it faces
Project Planning Checklist
- A project should have a clear definition of stakeholders, including primary target group and final beneficiaries
- Gender analysis and Human Rights-Based Approach should be applied
- Needs assessment for implementing organization and target groups should be conducted
- Theory of Change and Logical Framework/Result Framework Matrix should be developed
- Implementation plan, including activity time schedule and responsible project team members, should be outlined
- Coordination/communication plan and exit strategy (sustainability) should be defined
- Monitoring and evaluation system should be established### Project Management Tools
-
Logical Framework Approach (LFA)
- Definition: A way of structuring project elements, highlighting logical linkages between inputs, activities, and results.
- Purpose: Improves project quality, used for analytical tool for objectives and target group-oriented project planning and management.
- LFA matrix includes: goal, outcomes, outputs, activities, inputs, costs, indicators, means of verification, assumptions, and pre-conditions.
Participatory Approaches
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Objectives
- Empowerment: Increase political awareness and control for disadvantaged groups.
- Capacity Building: Build capacity within local communities for sustainability.
- Effectiveness: Increase commitment and shared objectives.
- Efficiency: Contribute to timely manner of project activities.
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Principles
- Involving people as subjects, not objects.
- Respect for local knowledge and skills.
- Ensuring influence over development decisions.
- Learning process and attitude rather than technical skills.
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Intensity of Participation
- Information sharing: Minimal level, one-way flow of information.
- Consultation: Two-way flow of information, but no decision-making authority.
- Decision making: Individuals or groups have authority and responsibility to take action.
- Initiating action: Highest level, people take initiative to start new actions.
Theory of Change (ToC)
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Definition
- Ongoing process of reflection to explore desired change and how it happens in a specific context.
- Focus on what changes and how, not what to do.
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Levels of Change
- Individual: Positive change in consciousness, thoughts, and behavior.
- Family: Positive change in perceptions, beliefs, attitudes, and behavior.
- Community: Positive change in cultural norms, values, and practices.
- Systemic: Positive change in formal institutions, policies, programs, budgets, and laws.
Human Rights Based Approach (HRBA)
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Principles
- Non-discrimination
- Participation
- Transparency
- Accountability
- Empowerment
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Aims
- Empower rights-holders to claim their rights.
- Increase capacity of duty-bearers to respect, promote, protect, and fulfill human rights.
Stakeholder Analysis
-
Definition
- Any individual, group, institution, or firm with a significant interest in the project's success or failure.
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Analysis Matrix
- Capacities
- Limitations
- Likely role and contribution
- Importance to project success
- Possible actions to address stakeholder interests
Gender, Age, and Disability Analysis
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Gender Analysis
- Examine differences in roles and norms for women and men, girls and boys.
- Identify gender-specific needs and target groups.
- Develop gender-sensitive outputs and outcomes.
Needs Assessment
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Types
- Target groups needs assessment: Problem analysis using qualitative and quantitative methods.
- Organizational capacity needs assessment: Identify capacity gaps and develop interventions.
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Data Collection Methods
- Mixed qualitative and quantitative methods.
- Sample size calculation for quantitative methods.
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Data Analysis Techniques
- Qualitative: Content/thematic analysis.
- Quantitative: Descriptive statistics, regression analysis, and ANN analysis.
Risk Management
-
Definition
- Cumulative effect of uncertain occurrences affecting project objectives.
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Types of Risks
- External: Political, social, cultural, economic, legal, environmental, and stakeholder withdrawal.
- Internal: Lack of transparency, corruption, high staff turnover, and centralization of management.
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Risk Management Process
- Establish context
- Identify risks
- Rank risks
- Assign risk owner
- Undertake risk mitigation
- Monitor and reassess risks periodically
SWOT Analysis
-
Definition
- Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats analysis.
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Stages
- Generate ideas about internal strengths and weaknesses, and external opportunities and threats.
- Analyze the situation to build on strengths and address weaknesses.
- Formulate a strategy for improvement.
Project Procurement Management
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Definition
- Acquiring goods and services from outside sources to attain project scope.
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Procurement Management Process
- Procurement planning
- Solicitation planning
- Solicitation
- Source selection
- Contract administration
- Contract close-out
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Contract Types
- Fixed-price contracts
- Cost-reimbursable contracts
- Time and materials contracts
Terms of Reference (TOR)
-
Purpose
- Clearly describe the rationale, methodology, and workplan for an assignment or study.
-
Structure and Content
- Background to the assignment
- Study/mission objectives
- Issues to be studied
- Methodology
- Expertise required
- Reporting requirements
- Work plan and timetable
Project Budgeting
-
Definition
- Allocation of resources to achieve project objectives.
-
Direct and Indirect Costs
- Direct costs: Eligible costs attributed directly to the project.
- Indirect costs: Overheads, administrative costs, and other organizational expenses.
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Test your knowledge of the ACHA Project Management Manual, covering project management concepts, planning, and more. Learn about the background of the Abdel Shafi Community Health Association and its history.
