Acetaminophen Overview and Usage
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Questions and Answers

What is the brand name for Acetaminophen?

  • Bayer
  • Proactiv
  • Anbesol
  • Tylenol (correct)

    • What are common FDA indications for Acetaminophen?

    Pain, headache, fever

    What is the drug class of Acetaminophen?

    Analgesic

    What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of Acetaminophen?

    <p>Unknown, may be through central inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Renal dosing adjustment is required for Acetaminophen.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List some available dosage forms of Acetaminophen.

    <p>Tablet, tablet extended release, chewable tablet, solution, rectal suppository</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are common adverse drug reactions (ADRs) for Acetaminophen?

    <p>Nausea, vomiting, pruritus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some serious adverse drug reactions (ADRs) for Acetaminophen?

    <p>Stevens-Johnson syndrome, elevated liver function tests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What monitoring parameters are important for Acetaminophen?

    <p>Decreased pain, fever; seek medical attention if fever does not resolve in 3 days or pain in 10 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    State a counseling point for Acetaminophen.

    <p>Do not exceed the maximum recommended daily dose; avoid alcohol.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the drug interactions for Acetaminophen?

    <p>Busulfan, Isoniazid, phenytoin, zidovudine, warfarin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Acetaminophen has a black box warning.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hypersensitivity to acetaminophen is a contraindication.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the generic name for Aspirin?

    <p>Various generic products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List the FDA indications for Aspirin.

    <p>Fever, generalized aches, pains, headaches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What drug class does Aspirin belong to?

    <p>Salicylate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some available dosage forms of Aspirin?

    <p>Oral tablet, oral tablet chewable, oral caplet, rectal suppository, gum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the dosing for Aspirin?

    <p>325-650 mg po q 4-6 hours prn, max 4g/d</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Aspirin requires renal dose adjustment.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the contraindications for Aspirin?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the brand name for Benzocaine?

    <p>Anbesol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What class of drug is Benzocaine?

    <p>Local anesthetic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the indications for Benzocaine?

    <p>Skin pain, mouth, throat, or gum pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List some dosage forms of Benzocaine.

    <p>Topical spray, topical liquid, topical ointment, oral liquid, oral gel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the dosing for Benzocaine in adults and children over 2 years?

    <p>Apply to affected area every 2-4 hours, max 3-4 doses/day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of Benzocaine?

    <p>Blocks initiation and conduction of nerve impulses by decreasing neuron's permeability to Na and decreased depolarization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Benzocaine requires renal adjustment.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hypersensitivity is a contraindication for Benzocaine.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are common adverse reactions to Benzocaine?

    <p>Skin irritation, rash</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some serious ADRs for Benzocaine?

    <p>Cardiac arrest, cardiac dysrhythmia, severe hypersensitivity, methemoglobinemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be monitored when using Benzocaine?

    <p>Relief from pain; seek attention if symptoms worsen after 2 days, or not resolved after 7 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are counseling points for Benzocaine?

    <p>Shake well, spray 6 inches from skin, do not apply to broken skin or ingest.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the brand name for Benzoyl Peroxide?

    <p>Proactiv</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Acetaminophen

    • Brand name: Tylenol; available as various generics, including combination products.
    • Common FDA indications: Pain relief, headaches, and fever reduction.
    • Drug class: Analgesic, used for its pain-relieving properties.
    • Mechanism of action: Uncertain, may involve central inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis.
    • Renal dosing adjustment: Not required for use.
    • Available dosage forms: Tablets (325mg, 500mg), extended-release tablets (650mg), chewable tablets (80mg), liquid solutions (160mg/5mL, 500mg/5mL), and rectal suppositories (120mg, 325mg, 650mg).
    • Common adverse drug reactions (ADRs): Nausea, vomiting, and itching (pruritus).
    • Serious ADRs: Stevens-Johnson syndrome and elevated liver function tests.
    • Monitoring parameters: Track pain and fever relief; seek medical help if fever lasts over three days or pain continues for ten days; watch for severe skin rash or gastrointestinal bleeding symptoms.
    • Counseling points: Do not exceed recommended daily dose to prevent hepatic injury; avoid alcohol, particularly with regular use.
    • Drug interactions: Potential interactions with medications like busulfan, isoniazid, phenytoin, zidovudine, and warfarin.
    • Black box warning: Risk of severe liver injury with excessive alcohol and acetaminophen-containing products.
    • Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to acetaminophen and active acute hepatic dysfunction.

    Aspirin

    • Brand name: Bayer; also available as various generic products.
    • FDA indications: Treats fever, generalized aches, pains, and headaches.
    • Drug class: Salicylate, serving as an anti-inflammatory and analgesic.
    • Available dosage forms: Oral tablets, chewable tablets, enteric-coated tablets, caplets, rectal suppositories, and gum.
    • Dosage: 325-650 mg taken orally every 4-6 hours as needed; maximum daily dose is 4 grams.
    • Renal dosing adjustment: Yes, dosage may need modification in renal impairment.
    • Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, asthma, rhinitis, nasal polyps, bleeding disorders; specific dosing adjustments for children based on age and weight.

    Benzocaine

    • Brand names: Anbesol and Cepacol; products widely available.
    • Drug class: Local anesthetic, used for localized pain relief.
    • Available dosage forms: Topical spray, ointment, liquid, gel, lozenge, oral solution, and oral swabs.
    • Indications: Effective for skin pain, mouth, throat, and gum pain relief.
    • Dosing instructions: Adults and children over 2 can apply to the affected area every 2-4 hours, with a maximum of 3-4 doses daily.
    • Mechanism of action: Blocks initiation and conduction of nerve impulses by altering sodium permeability in neurons.
    • Renal adjustment: Not necessary for use.
    • Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to benzocaine and secondary bacterial infections should be avoided.
    • Warnings: For external use only; some formulations can be flammable.
    • Common ADRs: Skin irritation and rashes; serious reactions include cardiac arrest and methemoglobinemia.
    • Monitoring: Assess pain relief, consult a healthcare professional if symptoms worsen after 2 days or do not resolve after 7 days.

    Benzoyl Peroxide

    • Brand name: Proactiv; recognized for acne treatment.
    • Used primarily as an acne treatment; effective in reducing bacteria and inflammation.
    • Drug class: Antimicrobial and keratolytic agent.

    (Note: Some entries for Benzoyl Peroxide were incomplete.)

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    Description

    This quiz focuses on acetaminophen, including its brand names, indications, and drug class. It covers the mechanism of action, available dosage forms, common adverse reactions, and important counseling points. Test your knowledge on this widely used analgesic and its proper use.

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