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Questions and Answers
What is the primary therapeutic use of ACE inhibitors?
What is the primary therapeutic use of ACE inhibitors?
Which of the following ACE inhibitors is a prodrug and is not recommended for patients with decreased liver function?
Which of the following ACE inhibitors is a prodrug and is not recommended for patients with decreased liver function?
What is a common adverse reaction associated with ACE inhibitors?
What is a common adverse reaction associated with ACE inhibitors?
Which statement accurately describes the mechanism of action of ACE inhibitors?
Which statement accurately describes the mechanism of action of ACE inhibitors?
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In what circumstance are ACE inhibitors contraindicated?
In what circumstance are ACE inhibitors contraindicated?
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Study Notes
ACE Inhibitors
- Therapeutic Class: Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
- Common Name: ACE Inhibitors
- Common Ending: -pril
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Mechanism of Action:
- Inhibits the activity of ACE, preventing the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II.
- Reduces angiotensin II and aldosterone levels.
- Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor that increases blood pressure.
- Aldosterone is a hormone that increases blood pressure.
- Causes bradykinin accumulation, reducing peripheral resistance and causing dilation of arteries.
- Bradykinin is a peptide that causes dilation of arteries.
- Commonly Used To Treat: Cardiovascular conditions, Hypertension
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Notes:
- First-line therapy for patients with Chronic Kidney Disease, Diabetes, or Coronary Artery Disease(CAD).
- Fosinopril is often chosen for patients with decreased kidney function.
- Enalapril, perindopril, quinapril, ramipril, and trandolapril are prodrugs.
- Prodrugs are not recommended for patients with decreased liver function.
- Captopril and lisinopril are active compounds.
- Fosinopril is 50% eliminated by kidney and 50% by liver.
- All other ACE inhibitors are 90% eliminated by the kidneys.
- Contraindicated in pregnancy, as it may interfere with fetal development of the kidneys or cause fetal death.
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Common Adverse Reactions:
- Dry cough caused by bradykinin accumulation.
- Hypotension (low blood pressure)
- Lightheadedness
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Description
This quiz delves into ACE inhibitors, focusing on their mechanism of action, therapeutic uses, and common examples. Learn how they affect blood pressure and their role in treating cardiovascular conditions. Test your knowledge on this vital class of medications.
