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Questions and Answers
What is the effect on an asset account when a debit is recorded?
What is the effect on an asset account when a debit is recorded?
- Equity increases
- Liabilities increase
- Asset account increases (correct)
- Asset account decreases
What happens to liabilities when a debit transaction is recorded?
What happens to liabilities when a debit transaction is recorded?
- Liabilities increase
- Liabilities decrease (correct)
- Liabilities remain unchanged
- Equity decreases
Which journal entry reflects receiving cash from a credited customer?
Which journal entry reflects receiving cash from a credited customer?
- Debit Accounts Receivable, Credit Cash
- Debit Revenue, Credit Cash
- Debit Cash, Credit Accounts Receivable (correct)
- Debit Cash, Credit Equity
How would you classify the transaction of paying dividends?
How would you classify the transaction of paying dividends?
What type of adjustment is made for an expense that has been incurred but not yet paid?
What type of adjustment is made for an expense that has been incurred but not yet paid?
What is the appropriate journal entry for unearned revenue when cash is received for a service not yet provided?
What is the appropriate journal entry for unearned revenue when cash is received for a service not yet provided?
When a business pays for an insurance policy in advance, what is the correct journal entry?
When a business pays for an insurance policy in advance, what is the correct journal entry?
Which effect occurs when recording a credit to common stock?
Which effect occurs when recording a credit to common stock?
What is the correct adjusting entry for Smokey Company's insurance policy on December 31?
What is the correct adjusting entry for Smokey Company's insurance policy on December 31?
What is the primary purpose of closing entries in accounting?
What is the primary purpose of closing entries in accounting?
Which of the following accounts is NOT impacted by closing entries?
Which of the following accounts is NOT impacted by closing entries?
If an asset increases while a liability decreases in a business transaction, which of the following accounts is also likely affected?
If an asset increases while a liability decreases in a business transaction, which of the following accounts is also likely affected?
What happens to the accounting equation during a transaction that involves paying a creditor?
What happens to the accounting equation during a transaction that involves paying a creditor?
In which scenario is the accounting equation not balanced?
In which scenario is the accounting equation not balanced?
Which type of accounting focuses on providing information for managerial decision-making?
Which type of accounting focuses on providing information for managerial decision-making?
General-purpose financial statements are designed to meet the needs of which group?
General-purpose financial statements are designed to meet the needs of which group?
What is the correct journal entry to close revenues and expenses?
What is the correct journal entry to close revenues and expenses?
Which entry is correct to close Dividends?
Which entry is correct to close Dividends?
What are the correct components of a T account?
What are the correct components of a T account?
Which types of accounts have a normal credit balance?
Which types of accounts have a normal credit balance?
Are financial statements prepared from the unadjusted trial balance?
Are financial statements prepared from the unadjusted trial balance?
In what order should the balance sheet be prepared relative to other financial statements?
In what order should the balance sheet be prepared relative to other financial statements?
Using accrual accounting, when are revenues recorded?
Using accrual accounting, when are revenues recorded?
Under accrual accounting, when are expenses recorded and reported?
Under accrual accounting, when are expenses recorded and reported?
Study Notes
Debits & Credits
- Every transaction has debits and credits that must balance
- Assets: Increase with a debit and decrease with a credit
- Liabilities: Increase with a credit and decrease with a debit
- Equity: Increase with a credit and decrease with a debit
- Revenues: Increase with a credit
- Expenses and Dividends: Increase with a debit
Journal Entry Transactions
- Pay a creditor on account: Debit Accounts Payable and Credit Cash
- Purchase land: Debit Land and Credit Cash
- Receive cash from a credit customer: Debit Cash and Credit Accounts Receivable
- Start a business by exchanging cash for stock: Debit Cash and Credit Common Stock
- Pay dividends: Debit Dividends and Credit Cash
Adjusting Journal Entries
- Made at the end of the accounting period to update accounts
- Accruals: Record revenue or expenses before cash is received/paid
- Accrued Revenue: Earned revenue but not yet paid (Debit Accounts Receivable, Credit Revenue)
- Accrued Expense: Owe an expense but not yet paid (Debit Expense, Credit Accounts Payable)
- Deferrals: Receive or pay cash before revenue or expense is recognized
- Prepaid Expense: Paid in advance (Debit Prepaid Expense, Credit Cash)
- Unearned Revenue: Received cash for service not yet provided (Debit Cash, Credit Unearned Revenue)
Closing Entries
- Made at the end of an accounting period to reset temporary accounts (revenues, expenses, and dividends) to zero to start fresh for the next period
- Transfer balances from temporary accounts into Retained Earnings, a permanent account tracking overall equity
- Impact temporary accounts: Revenues, Expenses, and Dividends
- Do not impact permanent accounts: Assets, Liabilities, and Equity
- Recorded at the end of the accounting period, typically the month, quarter, or year
Accounting Equation
- Assets = Liabilities + Equity
- Business transactions impact one or more of these categories
- Every transaction must keep the equation balanced
T-Account
- Title, debit side, credit side are the three parts of a T-account
- Liabilities, revenues, and common stock typically have a normal credit balance
Financial Statements
- The financial statements are not prepared from the unadjusted trial balance
- The balance sheet is prepared before the income statement and the statement of stockholders' equity
- Assets (like supplies or prepaid insurance) used up or consumed while earning revenue are called expenses
- Revenue is recorded when a service is performed or products are delivered to customers, regardless of when cash is received
- Expenses are recorded and reported when they are incurred, whether cash is paid or not
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Description
Test your understanding of the foundational concepts of debits and credits in accounting. This quiz covers journal entries, the impact on assets, liabilities, equity, revenues, and expenses, as well as adjusting entries for accruals. Perfect for students learning about financial transactions.
