Accounting Fundamentals: Financial and Management Accounting
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Questions and Answers

What is the term for the things of value owned or leased by a business?

  • Liabilities
  • Owners' equity
  • Assets (correct)
  • Expenses

What is the formula for the basic accounting equation?

  • Assets = Liabilities - Owners' equity
  • Assets + Owners' equity = Liabilities
  • Assets + Liabilities = Owners' equity
  • Assets - Liabilities = Owners' equity (correct)

What is the term for the method of recording financial transactions that requires a debit entry and credit entry for each transaction?

  • Accounting equation
  • Single-entry bookkeeping
  • Matching principle
  • Double-entry bookkeeping (correct)

What is the principle that requires expenses incurred in producing revenue be deducted from the revenues they generate during an accounting period?

<p>Matching principle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the portion of a company's assets that belongs to the owners after obligations to all creditors have been met?

<p>Owners' equity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for claims against a firm's assets by creditors?

<p>Liabilities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the accounting equation?

<p>To ensure that a company's financial statements are in balance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of subtracting liabilities from assets?

<p>Owners' equity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the measure of a firm's profitability for each share of outstanding stock?

<p>Earnings per share (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ratio is calculated by dividing current assets by current liabilities?

<p>Current ratio (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ratio between net income after taxes and total owners' equity?

<p>Return on equity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is calculated by adding cash, marketable securities, and receivables, then dividing that sum by current liabilities?

<p>Quick ratio (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ratio between net income after taxes and net sales?

<p>Return on sales (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the measure of the time a company takes to turn its inventory into sales?

<p>Inventory turnover ratio (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is calculated by dividing cost of goods sold by the average value of inventory for a period?

<p>Inventory turnover ratio (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between current assets and current liabilities?

<p>Working capital (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of financial accounting?

<p>Preparing financial information for users outside the organization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is responsible for overseeing all accounting functions in a company?

<p>Controller (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the clerical aspect of accounting?

<p>Bookkeeping (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the formal evaluation of the fairness and reliability of a client's financial statements?

<p>Audit (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for in-house accountants employed by organizations and businesses other than a public accounting firm?

<p>Private accountants (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for professionally licensed accountants who meet certain requirements for education and experience?

<p>Certified public accountants (CPAs) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What area of accounting is concerned with preparing data for use by managers within the organization?

<p>Management accounting (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for professionals who provide accounting services to other businesses and individuals for a fee?

<p>Public accountants (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a balance sheet?

<p>To provide a snapshot of a company's financial position at a specific point in time (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between current assets and fixed assets?

<p>Current assets can be converted to cash within a year, while fixed assets are retained for long-term use (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an income statement?

<p>To record a company's revenues, expenses, and profits over a given period of time (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between current liabilities and long-term liabilities?

<p>Current liabilities are due within a year, while long-term liabilities are due more than a year from the date of the balance sheet (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of retained earnings?

<p>The portion of shareholders' equity earned by the company but not distributed to its owners in the form of dividends (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a cash flow statement?

<p>To calculate a company's cash inflows and outflows over a given period (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between an income statement and a balance sheet?

<p>An income statement records a company's revenues and expenses, while a balance sheet provides a snapshot of a company's financial position (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between a company's retained earnings and its shareholders' equity?

<p>Retained earnings are a component of a company's shareholders' equity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the profit earned or loss incurred by a firm, determined by subtracting expenses from revenues?

<p>Net income (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the cost of producing or acquiring a company’s products for sale during a given period?

<p>Cost of goods sold (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the amount remaining when the cost of goods sold is deducted from net sales?

<p>Gross profit (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for all costs of operation that are not included under cost of goods sold?

<p>Operating expenses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a firm’s earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization?

<p>EBITDA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the statement that presents information on a firm’s sources and uses of cash?

<p>Statement of Cash Flows (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the profit earned by a firm, determined by subtracting expenses from revenues, also referred to as the ________?

<p>bottom line (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the cost of producing or acquiring a company’s products for sale during a given period, also known as ________?

<p>cost of goods sold (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

EBITDA is a measure of a firm's profitability for each share of outstanding stock.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The cost of goods sold is also known as gross profit.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Operating expenses are all costs of operation that are included under cost of goods sold.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The statement of cash flows presents information on a firm's revenues and expenses.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Net income is also known as gross profit.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The income statement is a statement of a firm's cash receipts and cash payments.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Gross profit is the profit earned or loss incurred by a firm, determined by subtracting expenses from revenues.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The statement of cash flows is a statement of a firm's revenues and expenses.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A debt-to-equity ratio of 1:1 indicates that a company's total liabilities are equal to its total assets.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The accounts receivable turnover ratio is a measure of a company's liquidity.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A blockchain is a type of distributed ledger that is not shared among market participants.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The debt-to-assets ratio is a measure of a company's profitability.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A distributed ledger is a type of blockchain that is used to record transactions.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The accounts receivable turnover ratio is calculated by dividing total assets by the average value of accounts receivable for a period.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The debt-to-equity ratio is a measure of a company's ability to carry long-term debt.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company's total liabilities are equal to its total assets minus its total equity.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The role of a controller is to oversee the financial functions of a company.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Management accounting is concerned with preparing financial information for users outside the organization.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Private accountants are professionally licensed accountants who meet certain requirements for education and experience.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Audit is a formal evaluation of the fairness and reliability of a client's financial statements.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bookkeeping is the same as financial accounting.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Public accountants are in-house accountants employed by organizations and businesses.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Controller is the lowest-ranking accountant in a company.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Long-term liabilities are obligations that must be met within three years.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Financial accounting is concerned with preparing data for use by managers within the organization.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Retained earnings is the portion of shareholders' equity earned by the company and distributed to its owners in the form of dividends.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A balance sheet is a financial record of a company's revenues, expenses, and profits over a given period of time.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Current assets are assets retained for long-term use.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An income statement is also known as a cash flow statement.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Fixed assets are also referred to as current assets.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Long-term liabilities are also referred to as current liabilities.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Retained earnings is the result of subtracting liabilities from assets.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The accounting equation is Assets + Liabilities = Owners' Equity

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The matching principle requires that revenues be matched with expenses in an accounting period

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Double-entry bookkeeping is a method of recording financial transactions that requires only a debit entry for each transaction

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Assets include both things of value owned and leased by a business

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Liabilities are the claims against a firm's assets by the owners

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The accounting equation is a fundamental concept in financial accounting

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The matching principle is a concept used in financial accounting to match costs with revenues

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Double-entry bookkeeping is used to ensure that the accounting equation is always kept out of balance

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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