Accounting Fundamentals: Financial and Management Accounting
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Questions and Answers

What is the term for the things of value owned or leased by a business?

  • Liabilities
  • Owners' equity
  • Assets (correct)
  • Expenses
  • What is the formula for the basic accounting equation?

  • Assets = Liabilities - Owners' equity
  • Assets + Owners' equity = Liabilities
  • Assets + Liabilities = Owners' equity
  • Assets - Liabilities = Owners' equity (correct)
  • What is the term for the method of recording financial transactions that requires a debit entry and credit entry for each transaction?

  • Accounting equation
  • Single-entry bookkeeping
  • Matching principle
  • Double-entry bookkeeping (correct)
  • What is the principle that requires expenses incurred in producing revenue be deducted from the revenues they generate during an accounting period?

    <p>Matching principle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the portion of a company's assets that belongs to the owners after obligations to all creditors have been met?

    <p>Owners' equity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for claims against a firm's assets by creditors?

    <p>Liabilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the accounting equation?

    <p>To ensure that a company's financial statements are in balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of subtracting liabilities from assets?

    <p>Owners' equity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the measure of a firm's profitability for each share of outstanding stock?

    <p>Earnings per share</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ratio is calculated by dividing current assets by current liabilities?

    <p>Current ratio</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ratio between net income after taxes and total owners' equity?

    <p>Return on equity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is calculated by adding cash, marketable securities, and receivables, then dividing that sum by current liabilities?

    <p>Quick ratio</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ratio between net income after taxes and net sales?

    <p>Return on sales</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the measure of the time a company takes to turn its inventory into sales?

    <p>Inventory turnover ratio</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is calculated by dividing cost of goods sold by the average value of inventory for a period?

    <p>Inventory turnover ratio</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between current assets and current liabilities?

    <p>Working capital</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of financial accounting?

    <p>Preparing financial information for users outside the organization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is responsible for overseeing all accounting functions in a company?

    <p>Controller</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the clerical aspect of accounting?

    <p>Bookkeeping</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the formal evaluation of the fairness and reliability of a client's financial statements?

    <p>Audit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for in-house accountants employed by organizations and businesses other than a public accounting firm?

    <p>Private accountants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for professionally licensed accountants who meet certain requirements for education and experience?

    <p>Certified public accountants (CPAs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What area of accounting is concerned with preparing data for use by managers within the organization?

    <p>Management accounting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for professionals who provide accounting services to other businesses and individuals for a fee?

    <p>Public accountants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a balance sheet?

    <p>To provide a snapshot of a company's financial position at a specific point in time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between current assets and fixed assets?

    <p>Current assets can be converted to cash within a year, while fixed assets are retained for long-term use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of an income statement?

    <p>To record a company's revenues, expenses, and profits over a given period of time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between current liabilities and long-term liabilities?

    <p>Current liabilities are due within a year, while long-term liabilities are due more than a year from the date of the balance sheet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of retained earnings?

    <p>The portion of shareholders' equity earned by the company but not distributed to its owners in the form of dividends</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a cash flow statement?

    <p>To calculate a company's cash inflows and outflows over a given period</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between an income statement and a balance sheet?

    <p>An income statement records a company's revenues and expenses, while a balance sheet provides a snapshot of a company's financial position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between a company's retained earnings and its shareholders' equity?

    <p>Retained earnings are a component of a company's shareholders' equity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the profit earned or loss incurred by a firm, determined by subtracting expenses from revenues?

    <p>Net income</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cost of producing or acquiring a company’s products for sale during a given period?

    <p>Cost of goods sold</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the amount remaining when the cost of goods sold is deducted from net sales?

    <p>Gross profit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for all costs of operation that are not included under cost of goods sold?

    <p>Operating expenses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a firm’s earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization?

    <p>EBITDA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the statement that presents information on a firm’s sources and uses of cash?

    <p>Statement of Cash Flows</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the profit earned by a firm, determined by subtracting expenses from revenues, also referred to as the ________?

    <p>bottom line</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cost of producing or acquiring a company’s products for sale during a given period, also known as ________?

    <p>cost of goods sold</p> Signup and view all the answers

    EBITDA is a measure of a firm's profitability for each share of outstanding stock.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The cost of goods sold is also known as gross profit.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Operating expenses are all costs of operation that are included under cost of goods sold.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The statement of cash flows presents information on a firm's revenues and expenses.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Net income is also known as gross profit.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The income statement is a statement of a firm's cash receipts and cash payments.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Gross profit is the profit earned or loss incurred by a firm, determined by subtracting expenses from revenues.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The statement of cash flows is a statement of a firm's revenues and expenses.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A debt-to-equity ratio of 1:1 indicates that a company's total liabilities are equal to its total assets.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The accounts receivable turnover ratio is a measure of a company's liquidity.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A blockchain is a type of distributed ledger that is not shared among market participants.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The debt-to-assets ratio is a measure of a company's profitability.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A distributed ledger is a type of blockchain that is used to record transactions.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The accounts receivable turnover ratio is calculated by dividing total assets by the average value of accounts receivable for a period.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The debt-to-equity ratio is a measure of a company's ability to carry long-term debt.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A company's total liabilities are equal to its total assets minus its total equity.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The role of a controller is to oversee the financial functions of a company.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Management accounting is concerned with preparing financial information for users outside the organization.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Private accountants are professionally licensed accountants who meet certain requirements for education and experience.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Audit is a formal evaluation of the fairness and reliability of a client's financial statements.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bookkeeping is the same as financial accounting.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Public accountants are in-house accountants employed by organizations and businesses.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Controller is the lowest-ranking accountant in a company.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Long-term liabilities are obligations that must be met within three years.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Financial accounting is concerned with preparing data for use by managers within the organization.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Retained earnings is the portion of shareholders' equity earned by the company and distributed to its owners in the form of dividends.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A balance sheet is a financial record of a company's revenues, expenses, and profits over a given period of time.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Current assets are assets retained for long-term use.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An income statement is also known as a cash flow statement.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fixed assets are also referred to as current assets.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Long-term liabilities are also referred to as current liabilities.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Retained earnings is the result of subtracting liabilities from assets.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The accounting equation is Assets + Liabilities = Owners' Equity

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The matching principle requires that revenues be matched with expenses in an accounting period

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Double-entry bookkeeping is a method of recording financial transactions that requires only a debit entry for each transaction

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Assets include both things of value owned and leased by a business

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Liabilities are the claims against a firm's assets by the owners

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The accounting equation is a fundamental concept in financial accounting

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The matching principle is a concept used in financial accounting to match costs with revenues

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Double-entry bookkeeping is used to ensure that the accounting equation is always kept out of balance

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

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