acc 200 chapter 4 pt. 1

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Questions and Answers

How do financial statements primarily relate to each other?

  • The balance sheet directly determines the net income reported on the income statement.
  • The statement of retained earnings determines the revenues reported on the income statement.
  • The balance sheet is used to retroactively adjust entries on the income statement.
  • Net income or loss from the income statement flows to the statement of retained earnings, and ending retained earnings flows to the balance sheet. (correct)

In which order are assets typically listed on a classified balance sheet?

  • By size.
  • By historical cost.
  • Alphabetically.
  • By liquidity. (correct)

Which financial statement reports revenues and expenses to calculate net income or net loss for a specific period?

  • Balance sheet.
  • Income statement. (correct)
  • Statement of retained earnings.
  • Statement of cash flows.

Which of the following describes the purpose of the statement of retained earnings?

<p>To show how retained earnings changed during the period due to net income (or net loss) and dividends. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which financial statement reports a company’s assets, liabilities, and stockholders’ equity at a specific point in time?

<p>Balance sheet. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of information used to prepare financial statements?

<p>The adjusted trial balance. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the correct flow for the financial statement relationship?

<p>Income Statement → Statement of Retained Earnings → Balance Sheet. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the best definition of 'liquidity' in the context of a classified balance sheet?

<p>The speed and ease with which an asset can be converted to cash. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes current assets from long-term assets?

<p>Current assets will be converted to cash, sold, or used up within one year or the operating cycle, while long-term assets will not. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are current liabilities typically defined?

<p>Obligations due within one year or the operating cycle. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accounts would most likely be classified as a current asset?

<p>Prepaid Rent. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accounts is most likely to be classified as a current liability?

<p>Accounts Payable. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the span of time during which a company uses cash to acquire goods and services that are then sold to customers, who in turn pay the company?

<p>Operating cycle. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the absence of retained earnings and net income, what would cause retained earnings to decrease?

<p>The payment of dividends. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor differentiates long-term investments from property, plant, and equipment (PP&E) on a classified balance sheet?

<p>PP&amp;E is used in the operations of the business, while long-term investments are held for returns like interest or appreciation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a company uses the account form for its balance sheet, how are assets, liabilities, and equity presented?

<p>Assets are next to liabilities and equity. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a company prepares a classified balance sheet using the report form presentation, how would the main sections typically appear?

<p>Assets, Liabilities, then Equity. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company's net income for the year was $50,000, and it declared and paid dividends of $10,000. If the beginning retained earnings balance was $30,000, what is the ending retained earnings balance?

<p>$70,000 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Considering the relationship between the income statement, statement of retained earnings, and balance sheet, if a company incorrectly overstated its ending inventory, what effect would this error have on the subsequent financial statements?

<p>Overstated net income, overstated retained earnings, overstated assets. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company has cash of $20,000, accounts receivable of $30,000, and prepaid expenses of $5,000. It also has accounts payable of $15,000, salaries payable of $10,000, and notes payable (due in 9 months) of $25,000. What is the total of the company's current assets?

<p>$55,000 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Using the following information, calculate total current liabilities: Accounts Payable: $10,000, Salaries Payable: $5,000, Unearned Revenue: $3,000, Bonds Payable (due in 5 years): $20,000.

<p>$18,000 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company's balance sheet shows total assets of $500,000 and total liabilities of $200,000. What is the total stockholders' equity?

<p>$300,000 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a long-term liability?

<p>A bank loan due in 10 years. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the purpose of preparing financial statements?

<p>To report a company’s financial performance and position to various stakeholders. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where on the balance sheet does the ending retained earnings balance appear?

<p>Within the shareholders' equity section. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Income Statement

A financial statement that reports a company's revenues and expenses over a period of time, calculating net income or loss.

Statement of Retained Earnings

A financial statement that shows how retained earnings have changed over a period due to net income (or loss) and dividends.

Balance Sheet

A financial statement that reports a company's assets, liabilities, and stockholders' equity as of a specific date.

Statement of Retained Earnings

Net income or net loss from the Income Statement flows into this statement.

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Balance Sheet

Ending Retained Earnings flows from the Statement of Retained Earnings to this financial statement.

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Liquidity

Assets are shown in order of this, and it measures how quickly an account can be converted to cash.

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Current Assets

These types of assets will be converted to cash, sold, or used up within the next 12 months or operating cycle.

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Long-Term Assets

Assets that will not be converted to cash or used up within one year or the operating cycle.

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Current Liabilities

Liabilities that must be paid either with cash or with goods/services within one year or the operating cycle.

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Long-Term Liabilities

Liabilities that do not need to be paid within one year or within the operating cycle.

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Study Notes

  • Chapter 4 focuses on completing the accounting cycle, including preparing financial statements and evaluating business performance using the current ratio
  • Learning Objective 1 is to prepare financial statements, including the classified balance sheet

Preparing Financial Statements

  • Financial statements can be prepared using the adjusted trial balance
  • Main financial statements: income statement, statement of retained earnings, and balance sheet

Income Statement

  • Reports revenues and expenses
  • Calculates net income or net loss for a specific period

Statement of Retained Earnings

  • Shows changes in retained earnings during a period
  • Changes are a result of net income (or net loss) and dividends

Balance Sheet

  • Reports assets, liabilities, and stockholders' equity
  • Specific to the last day of the reporting period

Relationships between Financial Statements

  • Financial statements are related to each other
  • Net income or net loss from the income statement flows into the statement of retained earnings
  • Ending retained earnings from the statement of retained earnings flows into the balance sheet

Classified Balance Sheet: Assets

  • Assets are displayed in order of liquidity
  • Liquidity indicates how quickly an account can be converted into cash

Current Assets

  • These assets convert to cash, or are sold or used up within 12 months
  • Can also be converted within an operating cycle, if the cycle is longer than a year

Long-Term Assets

  • These are not converted to cash or used up within the cycle or one year

Long-Term Assets Examples

  • Long-term investments
  • Property, plant, and equipment
  • Intangible assets

Operating Cycle

  • The time span during which cash is used to pay for goods and services
  • Goods and services are then sold to customers, from whom the business collects cash

Classified Balance Sheet: Liabilities

  • Current liabilities are paid with cash, goods, or services within one year
  • Payment is also within the entity's operating cycle

Current Liabilities

  • Examples: Accounts Payable, Salaries Payable, Unearned Revenue

Long Term Liabilities

  • Liabilities that do not need to be paid within one year or within the operating cycle

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