Accounting Chapter 2: Balance Sheet Elements
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Questions and Answers

What are the 4 standard classifications of assets?

  • Property, Plant and Equipment (correct)
  • Long-term Investments (correct)
  • Intangible Assets (correct)
  • Current Assets (correct)
  • What is the balance sheet classification for assets that are expected to be converted to cash or used up within 1 year?

    Current Assets

    Which of the following are considered current assets? (Select all that apply)

  • Debt investments (savings account) (correct)
  • Accounts Receivable (correct)
  • Cash (correct)
  • Land
  • What type of assets are investments in stocks and bonds of other companies held for more than 1 year?

    <p>Long-term Investments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the balance sheet classification for stock investments, real estate, and long-term bonds?

    <p>Long-term Investments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are assets with long useful lives that are currently used called?

    <p>Property, Plant, and Equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following are classified as Property, Plant, and Equipment? (Select all that apply)

    <p>Equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of assets do not have a physical substance but are often valuable?

    <p>Intangible Assets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the balance sheet classification for patents, goodwill, and trademarks?

    <p>Intangible Assets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the standard classifications for liabilities and stockholders' equity?

    <p>Stockholders' Equity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are obligations that a company is expected to pay within the coming year?

    <p>Current Liabilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the balance sheet classification for notes payable, accounts payable, and unearned revenue?

    <p>Current Liabilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of liabilities are expected to be paid after 1 year?

    <p>Long-term Liabilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the balance sheet classification for common stock and retained earnings?

    <p>Stockholders' Equity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is common stock?

    <p>Ownership money invested by stockholders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are retained earnings?

    <p>Earnings retained in the business that are not paid out in dividends</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a classified balance sheet report?

    <p>Assets, liabilities and equity at a point in time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a classified balance sheet determine?

    <p>Whether a company has enough assets to pay its debts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an operating cycle?

    <p>The average time from the purchase of inventory to the collection of cash from customers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is liquidity?

    <p>The ease of converting an asset into cash and the order current assets are listed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is depreciation?

    <p>A process used to allocate the cost of PPE assets over time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is accumulated depreciation?

    <p>The total depreciation that a company has taken so far on its assets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Standard Classifications of Assets

    • Assets are categorized into Current Assets, Long-term Investments, Property, Plant, and Equipment (PPE), and Intangible Assets.
    • Current Assets are anticipated to be converted into cash or consumed within one year, and they are arranged by liquidity.

    Current Assets

    • Examples include Cash, Accounts Receivable, Inventory, Supplies, and Prepaid Insurance/Rent.
    • Listed in order of liquidity, meaning the ease of conversion to cash.

    Long-term Investments

    • Comprises investments in stocks and bonds of other companies held for more than one year, and assets like land or buildings not currently being utilized.

    Property, Plant, and Equipment (PPE)

    • Includes assets with long useful lives actively in use, also referred to as Fixed Assets or Plant Assets.
    • Ordered by size of value, from largest to smallest.

    Intangible Assets

    • Assets that lack physical substance but hold significant value, such as Patents, Goodwill, Trademarks, and Copyrights.

    Standard Classifications for Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity

    • Divided into Current Liabilities, Long-term Liabilities, and Stockholders' Equity.

    Current Liabilities

    • Obligations the company must settle within the coming year, including Notes Payable, Accounts Payable, and Unearned Sales Revenue.

    Long-term Liabilities

    • Obligations expected to be paid after one year, such as Mortgages Payable, Long-term Notes Payable, and Bonds Payable.

    Stockholders' Equity

    • Comprises Common Stock, representing ownership investments by shareholders, and Retained Earnings, funds retained within the business and not distributed as dividends.

    Classified Balance Sheet

    • Reports assets, liabilities, and equity at a specific point in time.
    • Assesses the company’s ability to meet obligations, and evaluates creditor claims on total assets.

    Operating Cycle

    • Refers to the duration from inventory acquisition to cash collection from customers, typically around one year.

    Liquidity

    • The measure of how easily an asset can be converted into cash, determining the order of Current Assets on the balance sheet.

    Depreciation

    • The systematic allocation of the cost of PPE assets over their useful lives. PPE is listed from the largest to the smallest based on value.

    Accumulated Depreciation

    • Represents the total depreciation charged on assets over time, calculated as the asset cost less accumulated depreciation.

    Key Definitions

    • Current Liabilities: Obligations due within the next year or operating cycle.
    • Long-term Liabilities: Obligations due after one year.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of the classified Balance Sheet with these flashcards focusing on Chapter 2. Learn about the four standard classifications of assets, including current assets, long-term investments, and more. Perfect for students looking to solidify their understanding of accounting fundamentals.

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