PIPD 2 - Legal Process

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Questions and Answers

What is the first immediate step a person should take at the scene of a collision?

Call a lawyer immediately

Exchange insurance details right away

Stop the vehicle immediately (correct)

Move the vehicle if necessary

If someone refuses to provide their particulars after an accident, what should you do?

Leave the scene immediately

Take down their vehicle license plate (correct)

Call the police to force them to provide details

Engage in a heated argument until they comply

Which of the following is NOT recommended to do immediately after a collision?

Exchange particulars with all involved parties

Leave the scene to avoid confrontation (correct)

Call an ambulance if there are injured parties

Take proper photographs of the accident scene

What type of evidence is beneficial to retain in case of a dispute about the accident?

In-vehicle video recording Signup and view all the answers

When taking photographs of the accident scene, which photographic detail is essential?

Damage patterns of all involved vehicles from suitable height Signup and view all the answers

What is the appropriate action if a police officer has arrived at the accident scene?

Follow the officer's instructions regarding the vehicle Signup and view all the answers

Which details should NOT be exchanged after a collision?

Social media profiles of the involved parties Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the General Insurance Association (GIA) in Singapore's insurance industry?

To represent member interests and foster industry growth Signup and view all the answers

Why should an individual avoid admitting fault or liability in an insurance claim?

It is typically prohibited in most insurance contracts Signup and view all the answers

What does the MotoClean Framework (MCF) aim to improve?

The clarity of reporting motor accidents Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the immediate actions to take after a motor accident, according to standard advice?

Call the insurance hotline for advice Signup and view all the answers

What aspect does the GIA focus on to foster public confidence in the insurance industry?

Education and training in insurance Signup and view all the answers

What does the three-step reporting process introduced by the MCF facilitate?

Easier recollection of accident procedures for drivers Signup and view all the answers

In what year was the General Insurance Association (GIA) established?

1966 Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary function of the GIA concerning trade organizations?

To represent member interests to governmental bodies Signup and view all the answers

How does the GIA assist with emerging trends in the insurance industry?

By helping members identify and respond to important issues Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for encouraging clients to provide detailed accident reports?

It can influence the determination of liability. Signup and view all the answers

Under what condition is it unnecessary to file a police report after an accident?

If there are injuries involved but medical leave is less than three days. Signup and view all the answers

What type of evidence should be included in an accident report?

The weather conditions at the time of the accident. Signup and view all the answers

How can the first account of an accident impact legal proceedings?

It can help establish a higher probability of truthfulness. Signup and view all the answers

When advising clients, what should the strategy depend on?

Whether they seek advice as a claimant or a defendant. Signup and view all the answers

What should clients include if available when making their accident report?

Photographs taken at the scene. Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of not reporting an accident to the police?

There could be complications in determining liability. Signup and view all the answers

What is one option a client has when seeking to make a claim?

They can choose to file the claim through DIY methods. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements regarding accident reports is incorrect?

Reports should include all opinions of witnesses. Signup and view all the answers

When should a detailed accident report be particularly emphasized?

Immediately after the accident occurs. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a valid reason for an insurer to refuse coverage for an accident?

Carrying a passenger within the legal seating capacity Signup and view all the answers

What can be considered a grey area regarding driver licenses in the context of insurance coverage?

A driver with a valid foreign license Signup and view all the answers

In what scenario could a driver be deemed at fault for exceeding the terms of their insurance coverage?

Carrying more passengers than allowed Signup and view all the answers

Which situation is indicative of a clear violation that would likely lead to refusal of insurance coverage?

Driving while disqualified due to a previous traffic offense Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misconception regarding insurance coverage related to vehicle modifications?

All modifications are permissible without consequence Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of making an Own Damage (OD) claim?

It offers faster repair handling by the insurers. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key disadvantage of making a no claim Own Damage claim?

It leads to the loss of the no claim bonus. Signup and view all the answers

When should a client consider making a third-party claim?

When they do not intend to use their own insurance policy. Signup and view all the answers

How can a client make a third-party claim?

Through the repair workshop or a lawyer Signup and view all the answers

What is a private settlement in the context of insurance claims?

An informal agreement without following pre-action protocols. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the no claim bonus if a claim is made on an insurance policy?

The bonus is eliminated. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the OD claim process is true?

Insurers usually pay the repair costs directly. Signup and view all the answers

What could motivate a client to avoid making an OD claim?

Concerns about affecting their no claim bonus. Signup and view all the answers

What is generally the role of repairers in the insurance claim process?

They assist clients with their claims against other parties. Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the responsibilities of a client when considering a DIY third-party claim?

They are expected to gather all necessary evidence and documentation. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Accident Scene Procedures

Stop the vehicle immediately—unless instructed otherwise by police.
Call the police if needed, and ambulance if injuries are present.
Exchange details: names, NLC numbers, contact information, addresses, insurance details. (Do not force exchange if refused)
Take photographs: vehicle damage, surrounding area, traffic signs, conditions.
Take close-up photos of damage for detail.
Ensure photographs include adequate height for clear viewing, without parallax errors.
Keep video recordings if available.
Do not admit fault/liability.
Call a tow truck if needed.
Obtain necessary numbers from insurance company or agent.

General Insurance Association (GIA)

GIA was established in 1966.
GIA promotes the general insurance industry.
They represent the interests of members to the government and other bodies.
They work to improve efficiency and public confidence in the industry.
They provide training for all aspects of insurance.

MotoClean Framework (MCF)

MCF is a framework supported by all Singapore insurers.
It aims to streamline motor accident claims.
It has a three-step reporting process: exchange particulars, call insurance hotline, and take vehicle to a reporting center.

Reporting Center Procedures

Report accidents at an approved center within 24 hours (or next business day if weekend).
Provide an accident report and request a copy.
Delaying the report can cause insurance to disclaim coverage.
Must include all relevant details, to the best of your ability.
Photographs of the scene and vehicles are important

BOLA (Barometers of Liability)

BOLA is a reference point for insurance claims disputes.
It is not a legal text, unlike the MAG (Moto Accident Guide).

Claims Procedures (Claimant)

Several options available for claim settlement, depending on the situation.
OD claim: Motor insurer handles repairs/payments. (Disadvantage: affects no-claim bonus)
Third-party claim: the other driver's insurance pays for the repairs.
Private settlement: potential claimant and defendant negotiate agreement.

Claims Procedures (Defendant)

Options include reaching a private settlement or letting the insurance company handle defense.
Potential for a no-claim bonus to be reduced.

Common Grounds For Refusal Of Insurance Coverage

Driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs.
Using an unregistered vehicle.
Driving with a suspended license, or no license.
Driving with passengers exceeding seating capacity.
Failure to notify insurance company of the accident.

Pre-Action Protocols

Protocols streamline injury/non-injury claims.
Used to promote early settlements.
Pre-repair surveys are done for NIMA claims.
Claimant must provide potential defendant (or their insurer) with a letter of claim with important details, to enable consideration and negotiation.

Limitation Periods (Claims)

Personal injury claims: 3-year limitation period.
Property damage claims: 6-year limitation period.
If claims include both injury and property damage, the shorter period (3 years) applies.
A claim must be filed within the timeframe, otherwise it may not be considered.

FIDRAC NEMA Scheme

Scheme for resolving consumer retail disputes with financial institutions in Singapore.
Scheme resolution covers retail claims below $3,000
Mediation and adjudication processes are included, and they are conducted to encourage and assist in the resolution of these disputes in a fair manner.

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Description

This quiz covers essential steps to take at an accident scene, including safety measures, information exchange, and documentation. Additionally, it provides insights into the General Insurance Association (GIA) and its role in promoting the insurance industry. Test your knowledge on these crucial topics!