Accident Causation History Quiz IE438 Lecture 7
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Questions and Answers

According to the text, what was the belief about accidents during the industrial revolution?

  • Accidents were considered natural side effects of production. (correct)
  • Accidents were believed to be caused by bad spirits.
  • Accidents were considered acts of God.
  • Accidents were thought to be the fault of the injured person due to stupidity.

    • What was the view of the court system regarding individual responsibility for accidents?

  • The courts held employers completely to blame for accidents.
  • The courts implemented an employer's liability law to protect workers.
  • The courts found injured workers alone to be blamed for accidents.
  • The courts upheld the view of individual responsibility, where the injured worker had to sue. (correct)

    • What was the rationale for accidents according to employers during the industrial revolution?

  • Accidents were considered natural side effects of production.
  • Accidents were thought to be acts of God.
  • Accidents were attributed to carelessness and human nature. (correct)
  • Accidents were believed to be caused by bad spirits.

    • What was the prevailing belief about accidents during early man?

    <p>Accidents were believed to be caused by bad spirits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the impact of public opinion on the court system's view of individual responsibility for accidents?

    <p>Public opinion rose against the 'worker alone-is-to-blame' theory, and courts became more responsive to workers' claims.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the rationale for accidents according to civilized man?

    <p>The injured person was at fault due to stupidity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who developed the energy release theory?

    <p>Dr. William Haddon, Jr.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Heinrich's accident causation model, what is considered as a factor in a sequence that may lead to an injury?

    <p>Unsafe act or condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three 'E’s' of accident prevention according to the text?

    <p>Engineering, Education, Enforcement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the modern causation model, what replaces 'Injury' and 'Accident' from Heinrich's theory?

    <p>'Result' and 'Mishap'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered the single most important addition to the new modern causation model?

    <p>System Defects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the seven avenues through which we can initiate countermeasures, as per the text?

    <p>Safety management error, Safety program defect, Management/Command error</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Heinrich's accident causation model, what exists only through the fault of careless persons or poorly designed or improperly maintained equipment?

    <p>'Personal and mechanical hazards'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the categories under which human errors causing accidents are broadly categorized in the Human Factors Theory?

    <p>'Overload', 'Lack of expertise', 'Mental fatigue'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What replaces 'Accident' in the modern causation model?

    <p>'Operating Error'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect is emphasized in the three 'E’s' of accident prevention according to the text?

    <p>'Education'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Heinrich's domino theory, what occurs only as a result of an accident?

    <p>'Personal injury'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Heinrich pose his model in terms of?

    <p>A single domino leading to an accident</p> Signup and view all the answers

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