Accident Causation History Quiz IE438 Lecture 7
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Questions and Answers

According to the text, what was the belief about accidents during the industrial revolution?

  • Accidents were considered natural side effects of production. (correct)
  • Accidents were believed to be caused by bad spirits.
  • Accidents were considered acts of God.
  • Accidents were thought to be the fault of the injured person due to stupidity.

What was the view of the court system regarding individual responsibility for accidents?

  • The courts held employers completely to blame for accidents.
  • The courts implemented an employer's liability law to protect workers.
  • The courts found injured workers alone to be blamed for accidents.
  • The courts upheld the view of individual responsibility, where the injured worker had to sue. (correct)

What was the rationale for accidents according to employers during the industrial revolution?

  • Accidents were considered natural side effects of production.
  • Accidents were thought to be acts of God.
  • Accidents were attributed to carelessness and human nature. (correct)
  • Accidents were believed to be caused by bad spirits.

What was the prevailing belief about accidents during early man?

<p>Accidents were believed to be caused by bad spirits. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of public opinion on the court system's view of individual responsibility for accidents?

<p>Public opinion rose against the 'worker alone-is-to-blame' theory, and courts became more responsive to workers' claims. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the rationale for accidents according to civilized man?

<p>The injured person was at fault due to stupidity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who developed the energy release theory?

<p>Dr. William Haddon, Jr. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Heinrich's accident causation model, what is considered as a factor in a sequence that may lead to an injury?

<p>Unsafe act or condition (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three 'E’s' of accident prevention according to the text?

<p>Engineering, Education, Enforcement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the modern causation model, what replaces 'Injury' and 'Accident' from Heinrich's theory?

<p>'Result' and 'Mishap' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is considered the single most important addition to the new modern causation model?

<p>System Defects (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the seven avenues through which we can initiate countermeasures, as per the text?

<p>Safety management error, Safety program defect, Management/Command error (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Heinrich's accident causation model, what exists only through the fault of careless persons or poorly designed or improperly maintained equipment?

<p>'Personal and mechanical hazards' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the categories under which human errors causing accidents are broadly categorized in the Human Factors Theory?

<p>'Overload', 'Lack of expertise', 'Mental fatigue' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What replaces 'Accident' in the modern causation model?

<p>'Operating Error' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is emphasized in the three 'E’s' of accident prevention according to the text?

<p>'Education' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Heinrich's domino theory, what occurs only as a result of an accident?

<p>'Personal injury' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Heinrich pose his model in terms of?

<p>A single domino leading to an accident (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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