Questions and Answers
What is the therapeutic class of Acarbose?
What is the pharmacologic class of Acarbose?
Name another drug in the same class as Acarbose.
Miglitol (Glyset)
What is the pregnancy category of Acarbose?
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What are the uses of Acarbose?
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What is the action of Acarbose?
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What is the route of administration for Acarbose?
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What is the peak pharmacokinetics time for Acarbose?
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Acarbose is contraindicated in patients with renal failure.
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Which of the following are adverse effects of Acarbose? (Select all that apply)
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What are some drug interactions with Acarbose? (Select all that apply)
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What should be administered for hypoglycemia in case of Acarbose overdose?
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Nursing implications for Acarbose include taking it with the ______ of food at each of three main meals.
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Study Notes
Acarbose (Precose) Overview
- Acarbose is an antidiabetic drug classified as an oral hypoglycemic and alpha-glucosidase inhibitor.
- It helps control blood glucose levels primarily in individuals with type 2 diabetes and is used alongside diet and exercise.
Pharmacology
- Peak action occurs approximately 70 minutes after administration.
- Administered orally (PO) to manage glucose absorption in the digestive system.
Contraindications
- Not suitable for individuals with renal failure, hepatic dysfunction, heart failure, gastrointestinal disorders, or diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
Adverse Effects
- Common side effects include flatulence, diarrhea, abdominal distension, and cramping.
- Can lead to anemia due to decreased iron absorption and potential hepatotoxicity.
- Risk of hypoglycemia increases when used with other oral hypoglycemics or insulin.
Drug Interactions
- Combining with sulfonylureas or insulin raises the risk of hypoglycemia.
- Metformin may result in additive gastrointestinal effects and heightened hypoglycemia risk.
- Herbal supplements like garlic and ginseng may enhance hypoglycemic effects.
Managing Overdose
- In cases of hypoglycemia, administer 15g of oral glucose if the patient is conscious.
- If the patient is unconscious or unable to swallow, intravenous glucose or an intramuscular injection is required.
Nursing Implications
- Acarbose should be taken with the first bite of food during each meal.
- Patients should not take additional doses beyond the prescribed amount.
- Emphasize the importance of maintaining a healthy diet and exercise routine.
- Advise patients to carry identification indicating they are diabetic.
- Monitor blood glucose levels and maintain a log for diabetic management.
- Pay close attention to adverse effects and monitor for both hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia.
- Regularly check liver function and glucose levels, particularly during illness or stress.
- Track HbA1c levels, aiming for below 6.5%.
- Limit alcohol intake and monitor urinary ketones if glucose exceeds 300 mg/dL.
- Keep a record of weight changes and be observant for hypersensitivity reactions.
- Inquire about pregnancy status before starting treatment.
- Withhold medication if blood glucose levels are elevated.
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Description
Test your knowledge on Acarbose, an antidiabetic drug. This quiz covers its therapeutic and pharmacologic classes, other drugs in this category, and important usage information. Perfect for students and healthcare professionals alike.
