Academic Administration and Research
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of Simon's bachelor thesis research?

  • Impact of pricing on consumer behavior
  • Online marketing strategies for established products
  • Purchasing decisions of young target groups (correct)
  • Customer loyalty incentives

    • Which strategy does Simon develop to enhance his research process?

  • Implementing a keyword search in multiple languages (correct)
  • Conducting field interviews with consumers
  • Analyzing competitors’ marketing campaigns
  • Attending product relaunch events

    • What tool does Simon use to manage his research literature?

  • An online spreadsheet application
  • A word processing software
  • A literature management program (correct)
  • A digital note-taking app

    • Why does Simon emphasize the importance of accuracy in his literature management?

    <p>To prevent errors and plagiarism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of literature is Simon initially searching for in the library catalog?

    <p>Systematic reviews and basic literature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a consequence of plagiarism at IU?

    <p>The student is expelled from the university</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of Turnitin?

    <p>To identify plagiarism in submitted work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of Simon's research questions related to marketing?

    <p>How can research findings improve marketing campaigns?</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Simon plan to access the academic community for his research?

    <p>Through an external university library membership</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT a type of plagiarism?

    <p>Copying and pasting text from a website without attribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of literature does Simon find crucial for future access during his research?

    <p>Sorting and archiving relevant sources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main challenge that students face when searching for academic literature?

    <p>Understanding the complex search strategies and techniques</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the text suggest is a positive outcome of the increased availability of academic texts online?

    <p>It makes it easier to identify plagiarism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the University of Oxford, what is 'collusion'?

    <p>A type of plagiarism involving unauthorized collaboration on a piece of work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the phrase 'the limits of 'yours' and 'mine' are less respected due to the low threshold of access'?

    <p>It refers to the ease with which students can access information online</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the text suggest is the responsibility of the university regarding plagiarism?

    <p>To educate students about plagiarism prevention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a reason why plagiarism is a serious concern?

    <p>It can lead to legal consequences for students</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main message of the text regarding plagiarism?

    <p>Plagiarism is a serious offense that must be avoided</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a bibliography in academic writing?

    <p>To list all the sources used in the research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common feature of reference management software?

    <p>Collaboration tools for group projects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of using literature management software?

    <p>It automates the citation and bibliography process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a citation in academic writing?

    <p>To acknowledge the intellectual property of others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common feature of reference management software?

    <p>Automatic evaluation of source quality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of providing a page number in a citation?

    <p>To allow readers to locate the cited text passage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a benefit of using a reference management program?

    <p>It makes working with academic sources easier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do when citing a source with multiple pages?

    <p>Provide a range of page numbers (e.g. pp. 24-25)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between a direct and indirect quotation?

    <p>The presence of a page number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of discovery systems?

    <p>To search multiple sources simultaneously</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following databases is specifically designed for economics research?

    <p>ECONBiz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of search is typically more user-friendly and intuitive?

    <p>Basic Search</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Boolean search operator 'AND' achieve in search results?

    <p>Returns results that contain both search terms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which option describes the typical content found in library catalogs?

    <p>Books and periodicals available</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can users normally access databases through educational institutions?

    <p>Free of charge for authorized users</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What advantage does Google Scholar provide in research?

    <p>It ranks articles based on the number of citations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of keywords in library catalogs?

    <p>They help in retrieving content by describing topics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is commonly featured in advanced search functionalities?

    <p>Combination of multiple search terms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of results does the Boolean operator 'OR' yield?

    <p>Results that contain at least one of the search terms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are thesauri primarily used for in literature research?

    <p>To generate controlled vocabulary and related terms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which criteria is NOT part of the CRAAP Test for evaluating sources?

    <p>Accessibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in optimal literature management?

    <p>Recording relevant literature references</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to continually improve the search strategy while conducting literature searches?

    <p>To find relevant literature despite initial search limitations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do academic supervisors play in literature research?

    <p>They offer recommendations for literature and research standards.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a benefit of using software solutions for literature management?

    <p>They allow users to create custom citation styles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should the citation be placed in a longer paraphrase that extends over several sentences?

    <p>Only in the first sentence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done with sources identified for inclusion in academic papers?

    <p>Scan sources for quality characteristics using established criteria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct way to cite two authors in the text?

    <p>Use 'and' in the text, or '&amp;' in brackets.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the folder function in literature management software allow users to do?

    <p>Sort references by topic and media type.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should citations of several sources be arranged in a text?

    <p>Alphabetically by author.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using 'et al.' in a citation?

    <p>To avoid repeating all author names when there are more than three.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a recommended approach when using search engines or databases for research?

    <p>Employing a broad range of search terms to enhance results</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can the process of inserting references into a document be simplified according to the content?

    <p>Using the 'References' tab in word-processing software.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about paraphrases?

    <p>They put ideas from a source into your own words.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to provide citations for facts and figures that do not come from the literature?

    <p>All of the above.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should you provide a citation again for the same source in a longer paraphrase?

    <p>If the paraphrase continues into a new paragraph.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of providing initials for authors with the same last name?

    <p>To distinguish between authors with the same last name.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do if you are referring to two or more sources from the same author with the same publication year?

    <p>Arrange them chronologically and separate the years with a comma.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'n.d.' stand for in a citation?

    <p>Not dated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do if you are quoting a person in a personal communication?

    <p>Get their permission before publishing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do you cite personal communication, such as expert interviews, notes from conversations, and emails?

    <p>Only in the text</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you include in an appendix when conducting expert interviews?

    <p>The full transcript of the interview</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do you do if you cannot find the name of the author of a source?

    <p>Provide the name of the organization as the author</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do you write if you cannot identify the year of publication of a source?

    <p>'n.d.' (no date)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do you cite an online source?

    <p>Exactly like books or journals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a reference list?

    <p>To provide a list of all sources you cited in the text</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do with lecture notes, lecture slides, webinars, etc.?

    <p>Do not use them as sources in academic work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do if a participant in an expert interview does not consent to their name being used?

    <p>Anonymize their name ('Expert A')</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of including a transcript of an expert interview in an appendix?

    <p>To provide a record of the interview for future reference</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the operator 'NOT' do in a search query?

    <p>Excludes the second term from the search results</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of truncation in search queries?

    <p>To expand search results by including variants of a term</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technique involves starting with a known relevant source to find more literature?

    <p>Snowball search</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the four main steps in the process of literature search?

    <p>Formulate an answerable question</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In databases, what is the purpose of using 'limit' options?

    <p>To restrict results based on specific criteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a wildcard's role in search queries?

    <p>To replace multiple characters in a word</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is used for combining terms in searches to improve specificity?

    <p>Using Boolean operators</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be documented during the search process for effective literature search?

    <p>The search terms and steps taken</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which option is considered a specific way to optimize search results based on content?

    <p>Employing filter or faceting options</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to consider different spellings or variations in English?

    <p>To ensure all relevant literature is included</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a DOI in online referencing?

    <p>To provide a permanent and unique identifier for digital works</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When referencing a webpage in APA style, what information is essential to include if the author is unavailable?

    <p>The name of the website or the institution that publishes it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between referencing a PDF document with a report number and a PDF without an author?

    <p>The PDF with a report number includes the report number, while the other does not</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When citing multiple pages from the same website within the same year, what is the recommended APA referencing practice?

    <p>Creating separate reference list entries for each cited page</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of referencing a source from a publication server like arXiv?

    <p>To cite the source in academic writing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When citing a podcast episode in APA style, what information is essential to include?

    <p>The name of the podcast series</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What information is essential for citing a motion picture in APA style?

    <p>The production company</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of providing the complete URL for an online source in APA referencing?

    <p>To enable readers to easily access the source</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When referencing an online source without an author, what should be included in the reference list entry?

    <p>The name of the website or the institution that publishes it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should you cite a book with one author in APA style?

    <p>Last name, initials (Year). Title: Subtitle. Publisher.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of a reference list in APA style?

    <p>To acknowledge the sources used in the text</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct citation format for an eBook with a DOI?

    <p>Last name, initials (Year). Title: Subtitle. DOI. Publisher.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should you cite a chapter in an edited book with three or more editors?

    <p>Last name, initials (Year). Title: Subtitle. In initials.last name, initials.last name, &amp; initials.last name (Eds.), Title: Subtitle (Edition [if later than the first edition]), pp. ?–?. Publisher. DOI.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct citation format for a journal article with a DOI?

    <p>Last name, initials (Year). Title: Subtitle. Name of journal or newspaper, volume (number or issue), first page of article-last page of article. DOI.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should you cite a book with 21 authors or more in APA style?

    <p>List the first 20 authors, followed by an ellipsis (...) and then the last author's name.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct citation format for a newspaper article without a DOI?

    <p>Last name, initials (Year). Title: Subtitle. Name of newspaper, volume (number or issue), first page of article-last page of article. URL.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should you cite a chapter in an edited book with one editor?

    <p>Last name, initials (Year). Title: Subtitle. In initials.last name (Ed.), Title: Subtitle (Edition [if later than the first edition]), pp. ?–?. Publisher. DOI.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct citation format for an eBook without a DOI?

    <p>Last name, initials (Year). Title: Subtitle. Publisher. URL.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should you cite a book with three to twenty authors?

    <p>List all authors, separated by commas, with an ampersand (&amp;) before the last author's name.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct citation format for a journal article without a DOI?

    <p>Last name, initials (Year). Title: Subtitle. Name of journal or newspaper, volume (number or issue), first page of article-last page of article. URL.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the research team address potential researcher bias in their study?

    <p>By acknowledging their privileged and oppressed identities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a necessary condition for quoting a source accurately?

    <p>Including any typos and grammatical mistakes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if a quotation begins or ends in the middle of a sentence?

    <p>Indicate the omission with three periods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should emphasis that has been removed from a quotation be indicated?

    <p>With a bracketed note stating [emphasis removed] after the quotation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does not apply when quoting from an eBook in EPUB format without stable page numbers?

    <p>Using a time stamp instead of a page number.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of quotation requires a time stamp?

    <p>A quotation from an audio book.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which formatting is correct when citing a quotation with additional comments?

    <p>Additional comments should be included in square brackets.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must always be included when quoting a source?

    <p>The specific page number or timestamp of the quote.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the instruction about quotations within quotations specifically state?

    <p>They should be enclosed in single quotation marks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of footnotes in a text?

    <p>To indicate side notes or explanations not immediately relevant to the text.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to an ellipsis when a quotation begins or ends mid-sentence?

    <p>The ellipsis is included at the beginning or end of the quote.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should the first word in a footnote be formatted?

    <p>It should start with a capital letter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is it acceptable to cite a secondary source?

    <p>When you cannot access the original source.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a recommended practice regarding the use of direct quotations in writing?

    <p>Limit the number of direct quotations to maintain your own voice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should a quotation longer than 40 words be formatted?

    <p>As a separate paragraph, indented without quotation marks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a correct method for incorporating short quotations?

    <p>Embedding within the text using quotation marks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the citation format be when referencing a secondary source?

    <p>Cite the original source followed by 'as cited in' the secondary source.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of these is a guideline for footnotes?

    <p>They should not contain complex proof or derivation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of stringing too many quotations together in a text?

    <p>It can overshadow the author's voice and original writing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are footnotes indicated in the main text?

    <p>By a superscript number.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What order should sources be listed in when referencing multiple works by the same author?

    <p>Alphabetically by author's last name, then chronologically by publication date.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct format for indicating multiple publications by the same author in one year?

    <p>Use 'a', 'b', 'c' after the year.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do if you do not have the name of the author for a source?

    <p>Provide the title followed by the year of publication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should the titles of books, journals, or newspapers be formatted in the reference list?

    <p>In italics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When citing a source with more than 21 authors, how should the authors be presented?

    <p>List the first 19, then use '...' and the last author's name.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the appropriate spacing and alignment for a reference list?

    <p>1.5 spaced and left aligned, with indentation from the second line.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if the publication date of a source is unknown?

    <p>Indicate it with 'n.d.' for no date.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which punctuation is used to separate the title and subtitle in a citation?

    <p>Colon.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be provided if a digital object identifier (DOI) is available for an online source?

    <p>The DOI should be included.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is indicated when a source is cited as accessed through a password-protected database?

    <p>Cite it as you would for a print version.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Academic Administration: Structure, Application, and Literature Management

    • Simon, an external student, uses the university library and online search portal to find literature for his bachelor thesis on why potential customers showed no interest in a newly-introduced product.
    • His research questions include identifying factors that positively and negatively affect purchasing decisions of young target groups and how to apply findings to a product relaunch marketing campaign.

    Search Strategies

    • The literature search process can be divided into four main steps:
      • Formulate an answerable question
      • Choose a database
      • Type a word or phrase into the query box
      • Refine the search
    • Refining search techniques include:
      • Replacing general terms with more specific terms
      • Adding terms or combining terms with Boolean operators
      • Using truncate terms or wildcards
      • Using "limit" options in the database
    • The snowball search strategy can be used to find additional relevant literature by starting with a known relevant source and searching for sources that cited or were cited by it.

    Finding Search Terms

    • Techniques for finding search terms include:
      • Turning the topic into keywords
      • Using synonyms, antonyms, and abbreviations
      • Considering different spellings and formats (e.g., British vs. American English)
      • Using thesauri to find related terms
      • Identifying keywords from relevant literature
    • It is essential to evaluate search results by scanning for quality characteristics such as currency, relevance, authority, accuracy, and purpose using the CRAAP test.

    Literature Management

    • Literature management involves storing and organizing literature in a way that allows easy access and retrieval.
    • Techniques for literature management include:
      • Recording relevant literature and references
      • Using software solutions such as citation management tools
      • Creating a storage system that allows adding and organizing references
      • Differentiating references by media type and sorting by topic
    • Citation styles can be chosen from a selection list or specifically created, and a bibliography is usually created at the end of the document.

    Citation and Quotation

    • Citation and quotation rules vary depending on the citation style, but general rules include:
      • Using direct quotations when the specific phrasing is important
      • Limiting the number of quotations in the text
      • Incorporating quotations into the text with quotation marks
      • Formatting long quotations as indented paragraphs
      • Including page numbers or timestamps for the quotation source### Chapter Overview
    • The chapter discusses the importance of proper citation, referencing, and plagiarism prevention in academic writing.
    • It provides guidelines on how to cite sources correctly, including eBooks, articles, and online sources.
    • The chapter also covers the importance of using literature management software and provides an overview of different software options.

    Paraphrasing and Quotations

    • Paraphrasing is rephrasing an author's idea in your own words without using quotation marks.
    • A citation should be provided for facts or figures that do not come from the literature, but are from your own research.
    • The degree to which the paraphrase relates to your text should be clear.

    APA Citation Style

    • Authors with the same last name should include initials to prevent confusion.
    • List sources in alphabetical order by author and chronologically by publication date.
    • One author: Last name, initials. (Year). Title: Subtitle (Edition [if later than the first edition]). Publisher. DOI (if available).
    • Two authors: Last name, initials., & last name, initials. (Year). Title: Subtitle (Edition [if later than the first edition]). Publisher. DOI (if available).
    • Three to twenty authors: Last name, initials., Last name, initials., & Last name, initials. (Year). Title: Subtitle (Edition [if later than the first edition]). DOI (if available).

    Online Sources

    • Provide the author of the document, the year it was last updated, the title, the name of the website or institution, and the exact location (DOI or URL).
    • If no author is available, provide the name of the institution that publishes the work instead.
    • In your text, online sources are cited in the same way as print sources.

    Plagiarism Prevention

    • Plagiarism is the copying or paraphrasing of other people's work or ideas into your own work without full acknowledgment.
    • Measures to prevent plagiarism include implementing rules of good academic writing, using plagiarism detection software, and developing measures to maintain academic integrity.

    Database Search and Literature Management

    • Literature management software can help with citing sources, creating bibliographies, and collaborating on group projects.

    • Examples of literature management software include Bibsonomy, Citavi, CiteULike, EndNote, Mendeley, Papers, Reference Manager, RefWorks, and Zotero.

    • IU students and employees have access to a campus license for Citavi for Windows and training and consulting services for Zotero.### Finding Sources of Information

    • The internet provides many sources of information, but some require a more systematic search.

    • University libraries offer a range of catalogs and databases to search for relevant literature.

    • Discovery systems allow searching multiple sources at once.

    • Databases and library catalogs may have access restrictions or require a fee, but educational institutions often have licenses, allowing authorized users to access them for free.

    IU Databases/Search Engines

    • BASE Search Engine: interdisciplinary search engine of the University of Bielefeld.
    • ECONBiz: research portal for economics with filter function for full texts, articles, working papers, books, and essays.
    • Google Scholar: advanced searches possible, displaying references, and allows conclusions about article quality.
    • Karlsruhe Virtual Catalog (KVK): metacatalog searching libraries, bookstores, and electronic sources.
    • Open-Access.net: freely accessible sources organized by subject.

    Library Catalogs and Databases

    • Library catalogs contain books and periodicals, including some journal articles.
    • Database contents can be multifaceted, including full texts of journal articles, press contents, e-books, statistics, company information, and personal information.
    • Thematic distinctions are often present in databases.

    Search Techniques

    • Databases require their own search language, with basic and advanced search options.
    • Basic Search: enter search terms and confirm.
    • Advanced Search: combine search terms, search in special fields, and use operators (e.g., AND, OR, NOT).
    • Boolean search operators: AND, OR, NOT.

    Citations and References

    • Cite personal communication, such as interviews, emails, and internal reports, in the text, not in the reference list.
    • Use tables to illustrate citation examples for different sources (e.g., books, journals, online sources).
    • Online sources are cited like books or journals, excluding title or web address in citations.
    • General references to websites do not require citations or reference list entries.
    • Use "n.d." for unknown publication dates.

    Bibliography

    • A reference list is essential in academic work, providing a transparent list of sources.
    • Each source must be accurately cited, and the reference list should enable readers to locate and check each source.

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    Description

    Simon is preparing for his bachelor thesis and uses university resources like libraries and online search portals to find relevant literature and systematic reviews.

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