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AC Generator Voltage Equation and No-Load Saturation Curve Experiment

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AC Generator Voltage Equation and No-Load Saturation Curve Experiment

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Questions and Answers

Why should the power be turned OFF after completing each individual measurement?

To demonstrate the power of the generator

To save electricity

To ensure safety and prevent accidents (correct)

To increase the voltage output

What is the primary function of the rotor in an ac generator?

To rotate within a set of conductors (correct)

To generate an induced EMF

To provide mechanical input

To wind coils on an iron core

What precaution is advised with respect to connections and power in this experiment?

Make connections only when the power is ON

Do not make or break any connections with the power ON (correct)

Make or break connections with the power ON

Break connections only when the power is ON

What causes an electromotive force (EMF) to be induced in a conductor in an ac generator?

Changes in the magnetic field around the conductor Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to check the connection with the instructor before turning the power ON?

To ensure proper setup and safety Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the rotor in an alternator?

To produce an electromagnet by passing a DC current through a coil Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the frequency of the induced voltage, the rotor speed, and the number of poles in an alternator?

The frequency is proportional to the rotor speed and inversely proportional to the number of poles Signup and view all the answers

How are the stator windings of a three-phase alternator physically arranged?

The three sets of windings are spaced 120 degrees apart Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the brushless DC exciter in an alternator?

To provide the DC current for the rotor winding Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 'prime mover' in an alternator system?

To rotate the rotor of the alternator Signup and view all the answers

Why are the armature windings in an alternator often 'short' (fractional) pitched and distributed?

To improve the performance of the alternator Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Safety Precautions

Do not make or break connections with the power ON
Turn off the power after completing each individual measurement
Check connections with the help of an instructor before turning the power ON

Objective

Verify the generated voltage equation of an ac generator
Obtain the frequency of the generated voltage
Obtain the no-load saturation curve

Theory of Alternating Voltage Generation

Electromotive force (EMF) is induced in a conductor when the magnetic field around it changes
In an ac generator/alternator, a rotating magnet (rotor) turns within a stationary set of conductors (stator) generating an induced EMF
The rotor contains a coil with a dc current that produces an electromagnet
The dc current for the rotor can be injected directly from a dc source or by a brushless dc exciter

Alternator Structure

A three-phase alternator has three sets of stator windings physically spaced 120° from each other
The armature windings are often short (fractional) pitched and distributed for better performance

Frequency of Induced Voltage

The voltage induced in the phase windings of an alternator has the same frequency
Frequency (f) of induced voltage is dependent on rotor speed and number of rotor poles
The frequency in Hz is related to the rotor speed by the equation: N = 120f/P

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Description

This experiment involves verifying the generated voltage equation of an AC generator, obtaining the frequency of the generated voltage, and obtaining the no-load saturation curve. It is important to exercise caution with high voltages, follow safety protocols, and seek guidance from instructors.