Abstraction Subtest Quiz: Concrete Answer Prompts

Can be administered by anyone who understands the instructions
Only a health professional with expertise in the cognitive field may interpret the results
Takes approximately 10 minutes to administer
Total possible score: 30 points
Score of 26 or above is considered normal
All instructions may be repeated once

Alternating Trail Making: Draw a line from a number to a letter in ascending order (1 point for correct pattern)
Visuoconstructional Skills (Cube): Draw a cube accurately (1 point for correct drawing)
Visuoconstructional Skills (Clock): Draw a clock with numbers and set the time to 10 past 11 (1 point for each of three criteria: contour, numbers, and hands)
Naming: Identify three animals (lion, rhinoceros, and camel) (1 point for each correct response)
Memory: Recall a list of five words (scored later in the test)
Attention:
- Forward Digit Span: Repeat a five-number sequence (1 point for correct repetition)
- Backward Digit Span: Repeat a three-number sequence in reverse order (1 point for correct repetition)
- Vigilance: Tap hand when the letter "A" is read (1 point for 0-1 errors)
- Serial 7s: Subtract 7 from 100 and continue subtracting 7 (scored out of 3)
Sentence Repetition: Repeat two sentences exactly (1 point for each correct repetition)
Verbal Fluency: Generate words starting with the letter F (1 point for 11 or more words in 60 seconds)
Abstraction: Identify the category of two words (e.g., train and bicycle) (1 point for each correct response)
Delayed Recall: Recall the list of five words from earlier in the test (scored later)
Orientation: Identify the date, month, year, and day of the week, as well as the name of the place and city (1 point for each correct response)

Scored out of 15 points
Based on the delayed recall task
Points allocated according to the type of recall:
- Uncued recall: 3 points
- Cued recall: 2 points
- Multiple-choice recall: 1 point### Visuoconstructional Skills
The subject is given a drawing task to assess their visuoconstructional skills
The task involves drawing a chair and a clock
The chair drawing must be three-dimensional, with all lines drawn, meeting with little or no space, and no lines added
The clock drawing must have a contour, numbers, and hands
The contour must be drawn, with only minor distortions accepted
All clock numbers must be present, in the correct order, and arranged in a circular manner
The hands must be centered within the clock face, indicating the correct time

The subject is shown three animal figures and asked to name them
One point is given for each correct answer
The three correct answers are: snake (or a type of snake), elephant, and crocodile (or alligator)

The subject is given a list of five words to remember
The list is read once, and the subject is asked to recall as many words as possible
The list is read again, and the subject is asked to recall as many words as possible, including words recalled previously
No points are given for the first two trials
The subject is informed that they will be asked to recall the words again at the end of the test

The subject is given a sequence of numbers to repeat in the same order
The sequence is read at a rate of one digit per second
One point is given for each sequence correctly repeated
The subject is also given a sequence of letters, and asked to tap their hand every time the letter "A" is read
One point is given if there is zero to one error
The subject is also given a task to count by subtracting 7 from 70, and then, keep subtracting 7 from their answer until told to stop
The task is scored out of 3 points, with 1 point given for one correct subtraction, 2 points for two or three correct subtractions, and 3 points for four or five correct subtractions

The subject is given two sentences to repeat
One point is given for each sentence correctly repeated
Repetitions must be exact, with no omissions, substitutions, additions, or grammar errors

The subject is asked to generate as many words as possible that begin with the letter "S"
The task is timed for 60 seconds
One point is given if the subject generates 11 words or more

The subject is given four pairs of words and asked to explain what they have in common
The pairs of words are: orange and banana, bed and table, letter and telephone
One point is given for each pair correctly answered
Acceptable answers include: fruits, furniture, and means of communication
Unacceptable answers include: flat, four legs, bedroom, made out of wood, alphabet, and news

The subject is asked to recall the five words from the memory task earlier
One point is given for each word correctly recalled
If the subject is unable to recall a word, a category cue is given, and then a multiple-choice cue if necessary

The Memory Index Score (MIS) is calculated by attributing points according to the type of recall
Points are given as follows: 3 points for spontaneous recall, 2 points for recall with a category cue, and 1 point for recall with a multiple-choice cue
The total MIS is calculated by adding all points

The subject is asked to give today's date, including the year, month, exact date, and day of the week
One point is given for each item correctly answered
The subject is also asked to name the place they are in, and the city it is in
One point is given for each item correctly answered