Absorption in Sodium Atoms and Molecular Bonding
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Questions and Answers

What happens when a sodium atom at ground state absorbs a 589nm photon?

  • The electron transitions to a lower energy orbital
  • The electron loses energy
  • The photon is reflected
  • The electron transitions to a higher energy orbital (correct)

Which type of molecular orbital is associated with high energy?

  • Metallic
  • Antibonding (correct)
  • Non-bonding
  • Bonding

What type of electrons are generally involved in energy absorption related to bonding orbitals?

  • s and f electrons
  • p and d electrons
  • s and d electrons
  • s and p electrons (correct)

In absorption spectroscopy, what happens when the energy of the photon absorbed by an atom increases?

<p>The wavelength of the photon decreases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect is observed when molecular orbitals are formed at lower energy levels than the original atomic orbitals?

<p>Fluorescence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about Beer's Law is correct?

<p>It states that the total absorbance is the sum of the absorbances of individual absorbing species. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the Bohr model of the atom, what does the principal quantum number (n) represent?

<p>The distance of the electron from the nucleus and its energy level. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the d orbitals in an atom?

<p>10 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the absorption of light by atoms is correct?

<p>An electron can change energy levels only if the absorbed photon has the exact energy difference between the two levels. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of molecular absorption spectroscopy, what does the term 'independent' refer to?

<p>The absorbing species do not interact with each other. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which an excited atom or molecule returns to its ground state, emitting a photon?

<p>Fluorescence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about exocyclic double bonds is correct?

<p>They increase the maximum absorption wavelength (λmax) by 5 nm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the solvent affect the absorption spectrum of a compound?

<p>Polar solvents cause broader peaks without fine structure in the absorption spectrum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about non-polar solvents is correct?

<p>They do not form hydrogen bonds with the solute, so fine structure is often observed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following equations relates the energy of radiation to its frequency and wavelength?

<p>$E = hv = \frac{hc}{\lambda}$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between wavenumber and frequency?

<p>Wavenumber is directly proportional to frequency (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition must be satisfied for absorption of radiation to occur in a molecule?

<p>There must be an exact match between the frequency of the applied radiation and the frequency of the bond vibration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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