Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is cellulitis?
What is cellulitis?
- A common type of skin infection causing redness, swelling, and pain (correct)
- A rare skin infection with minimal symptoms
- A superficial infection that only affects the top layer of the skin
- An infection that does not cause any visible symptoms
What results in a furuncle or boil?
What results in a furuncle or boil?
- Genetic predisposition to skin infections
- Suppuration from skin entry by pathogenic bacteria (correct)
- Allergic reaction to certain foods
- Excessive exposure to sunlight
How does the skin usually heal if promptly treated?
How does the skin usually heal if promptly treated?
- By resolution (correct)
- By requiring surgical intervention
- By developing more severe symptoms
- By spreading the infection to other parts of the body
What causes an abscess in the skin?
What causes an abscess in the skin?
What is the most common cause of abscesses?
What is the most common cause of abscesses?
What type of cells can be found in abscesses?
What type of cells can be found in abscesses?
What can happen if an abscess ruptures?
What can happen if an abscess ruptures?
What may result from incomplete treatment of abscesses?
What may result from incomplete treatment of abscesses?
How is the diagnosis of cutaneous and subcutaneous abscesses typically made?
How is the diagnosis of cutaneous and subcutaneous abscesses typically made?
What is the recommended IV antibiotic combination for abscesses?
What is the recommended IV antibiotic combination for abscesses?
When are systemic antimicrobial drugs indicated as adjunctive therapy for abscesses?
When are systemic antimicrobial drugs indicated as adjunctive therapy for abscesses?
What is a common complication of untreated abscesses?
What is a common complication of untreated abscesses?
What can render antimicrobial drugs usually ineffective for abscesses?
What can render antimicrobial drugs usually ineffective for abscesses?
On what basis is empiric antimicrobial therapy determined for abscesses?
On what basis is empiric antimicrobial therapy determined for abscesses?
What is a potential consequence of an abscess rupturing into adjacent tissue?
What is a potential consequence of an abscess rupturing into adjacent tissue?
What indicates the need for systemic antimicrobial drugs as adjunctive therapy for abscesses?
What indicates the need for systemic antimicrobial drugs as adjunctive therapy for abscesses?
What can be ineffective without drainage for treating abscesses?
What can be ineffective without drainage for treating abscesses?
Which bacterial species is commonly associated with cellulitis?
Which bacterial species is commonly associated with cellulitis?
What is the characteristic feature of erysipelas, a superficial streptococcal infection?
What is the characteristic feature of erysipelas, a superficial streptococcal infection?
When are blood cultures recommended for cellulitis patients?
When are blood cultures recommended for cellulitis patients?
What is the recommended action for purulent infections in cellulitis treatment?
What is the recommended action for purulent infections in cellulitis treatment?
In what type of infection does streptococcal necrotizing fasciitis occur?
In what type of infection does streptococcal necrotizing fasciitis occur?
What is the main characteristic of Staphylococcal skin infections?
What is the main characteristic of Staphylococcal skin infections?
What results from skin entry by pathogenic bacteria?
What results from skin entry by pathogenic bacteria?
What is a common type of skin infection that causes redness, swelling, and pain?
What is a common type of skin infection that causes redness, swelling, and pain?
What is the result of suppuration in the upper dermis?
What is the result of suppuration in the upper dermis?
What is the characteristic feature of erysipelas, a superficial streptococcal infection?
What is the characteristic feature of erysipelas, a superficial streptococcal infection?
What is the main characteristic of erysipelas, a superficial streptococcal infection?
What is the main characteristic of erysipelas, a superficial streptococcal infection?
Which type of bacterial skin infection spreads widely along tissue planes without the presence of pus?
Which type of bacterial skin infection spreads widely along tissue planes without the presence of pus?
In which scenario are blood cultures recommended for patients with cellulitis?
In which scenario are blood cultures recommended for patients with cellulitis?
What is the recommended action for purulent infections in cellulitis treatment?
What is the recommended action for purulent infections in cellulitis treatment?
What is the characteristic feature of Staphylococcal skin infections?
What is the characteristic feature of Staphylococcal skin infections?
What type of infection is characterized by an expanding, painful redness with edema, fever, malaise, and leukocytosis?
What type of infection is characterized by an expanding, painful redness with edema, fever, malaise, and leukocytosis?
What is the recommended IV antibiotic combination for abscesses?
What is the recommended IV antibiotic combination for abscesses?
What is the main complication of untreated abscesses?
What is the main complication of untreated abscesses?
When are systemic antimicrobial drugs indicated as adjunctive therapy for abscesses?
When are systemic antimicrobial drugs indicated as adjunctive therapy for abscesses?
What can render antimicrobial drugs usually ineffective for abscesses?
What can render antimicrobial drugs usually ineffective for abscesses?
What indicates the need for systemic antimicrobial drugs as adjunctive therapy for abscesses?
What indicates the need for systemic antimicrobial drugs as adjunctive therapy for abscesses?
On what basis is empiric antimicrobial therapy determined for abscesses?
On what basis is empiric antimicrobial therapy determined for abscesses?
What is the most common cause of abscesses?
What is the most common cause of abscesses?
What type of cells can be found in abscesses?
What type of cells can be found in abscesses?
What can happen if an abscess ruptures?
What can happen if an abscess ruptures?
What indicates the need for systemic antimicrobial drugs as adjunctive therapy for abscesses?
What indicates the need for systemic antimicrobial drugs as adjunctive therapy for abscesses?
What is a potential consequence of an abscess rupturing into adjacent tissue?
What is a potential consequence of an abscess rupturing into adjacent tissue?
What can render antimicrobial drugs usually ineffective for abscesses?
What can render antimicrobial drugs usually ineffective for abscesses?
What is a common complication of untreated abscesses?
What is a common complication of untreated abscesses?
What can be ineffective without drainage for treating abscesses?
What can be ineffective without drainage for treating abscesses?
How is the diagnosis of cutaneous and subcutaneous abscesses typically made?
How is the diagnosis of cutaneous and subcutaneous abscesses typically made?
What results in a furuncle or boil?
What results in a furuncle or boil?
What is the characteristic feature of erysipelas, a superficial streptococcal infection?
What is the characteristic feature of erysipelas, a superficial streptococcal infection?
What is cellulitis?
What is cellulitis?
Study Notes
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Abscesses can develop anywhere in the body, including skin abscesses and internal abscesses.
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Most often caused by bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, which enters the body through cuts, abrasions, punctures, or insect bites. Other risk factors include chronic skin conditions, diabetes, weakened immune systems, and poor hygiene.
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Contain polymorphonuclear neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes, bacteria, and liquefied tissue products.
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May rupture, discharge into another organ, or open onto another epithelial surface.
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Incomplete treatment due to resistant organisms or poor treatment may lead to chronic abscesses.
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Complete elimination of organisms in a chronic abscess without drainage can result in a 'sterile abscess' or 'antibioma'.
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Diagnosis of cutaneous and subcutaneous abscesses is by physical examination, while deep abscesses often require imaging for diagnosis.
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Treatment includes draining the pus through incision and drainage, CT-guided drainage, closed surgical drainage, and surgical drainage and debridement.
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Cellulitis is a bacterial infection of the subcutaneous tissue.
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Common pathogens are gram positive, specifically betahemolytic Streptococcus and Staphylococcus aureus including MRSA.
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Cellulitis is characterized by an expanding, painful redness with edema, fever, malaise, and leukocytosis.
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Erythema may track along lymphatic drainage, leading to lymphangitis.
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Diagnosis is based on clinical manifestations.
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Cultures of blood, needle aspirations, or punch biopsies are not routinely recommended.
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Blood cultures are recommended for patients with malignancy on chemotherapy, neutropenia, severe cell-mediated immunodeficiency, and animal bites.
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Streptococcal skin infections spread widely along tissue planes, with no pus present. Erysipelas is a superficial streptococcal infection with a well-demarcated, palpable edge.
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Staphylococcal skin infections produce localized pus and abscesses with a small area of surrounding erythema.
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Streptococcal necrotizing fascitis is a deep infection in the subcutaneous tissue, which can lead to tissue death.
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Treatment includes determining if the infection is purulent or non-purulent, and if it is mild, moderate, or severe.
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For purulent infections, incision and drainage +/- antibiotics are necessary.
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Hospitalization is recommended for deeper or necrotizing infections, poor adherence to therapy, severely immunocompromised patients, or when outpatient treatment is failing.
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An abscess is a collection of pus, usually caused by a bacterial infection.
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Abscesses can develop anywhere in the body, including skin abscesses and internal abscesses.
-
Most often caused by bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, which enters the body through cuts, abrasions, punctures, or insect bites. Other risk factors include chronic skin conditions, diabetes, weakened immune systems, and poor hygiene.
-
Contain polymorphonuclear neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes, bacteria, and liquefied tissue products.
-
May rupture, discharge into another organ, or open onto another epithelial surface.
-
Incomplete treatment due to resistant organisms or poor treatment may lead to chronic abscesses.
-
Complete elimination of organisms in a chronic abscess without drainage can result in a 'sterile abscess' or 'antibioma'.
-
Diagnosis of cutaneous and subcutaneous abscesses is by physical examination, while deep abscesses often require imaging for diagnosis.
-
Treatment includes draining the pus through incision and drainage, CT-guided drainage, closed surgical drainage, and surgical drainage and debridement.
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Description
Learn about the development and causes of abscesses, which can occur in skin or internally in the body. Understand how internal abscesses develop in organs or between organs, and the common bacteria responsible for causing abscesses.
