Abortifacient Drugs and Uterine Relaxants Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which drug is used for the relief of dysmenorrhea and has a tocolytic effect by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis?

  • Nitric oxide donors
  • Magnesium sulfate
  • Indomethacin (correct)
  • Progesterone

What is the main adverse effect associated with NSAIDs like indomethacin when used as tocolytics?

  • Premature closure of ductus arteriosus (correct)
  • Cervical ripening
  • Myocardial depression
  • Maternal hypertension

Which drug is given by IV infusion, has a depressant action on uterine smooth muscle, and is used to control convulsions and blood pressure in toxemia of pregnancy?

  • Magnesium sulfate (correct)
  • Nitric oxide donors
  • Indomethacin
  • Progesterone

Which hormone has relaxant effects on the uterus, inhibits cytokine production, and is used in the treatment of threatened abortion?

<p>Progesterone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug acts by inhibiting the influx of Ca$^{2+}$ into myometrial cells?

<p>Nifedipine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following drugs competitively blocks the oxytocin receptors of the uterus?

<p>Atosiban (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is a contraindication for the use of selective $eta_2$-agonists as uterine relaxants?

<p>Hypertension (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug may cause cardiovascular collapse if it escapes into circulation after intra-amniotic injection?

<p>Dinoprostone (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is oxytocin preferred for induction of labor?

<p>It contracts only the fundus and body, not interfering with fetal descent. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In postpartum hemorrhage, why is oxytocin preferred over methyl-ergometrine?

<p>Oxytocin does not interfere with fetal descent. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of drug is oxytocin in obstetrics and gynecology?

<p>Hormone used for ovulation induction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does oxytocin play in maintaining placental blood flow during labor?

<p>It induces relaxation between uterine contractions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Indomethacin's tocolytic effect

Indomethacin inhibits prostaglandin synthesis, reducing uterine contractions.

NSAID tocolytic adverse effect

Premature closure of the ductus arteriosus is a major risk of using NSAIDs to stop labor.

Magnesium sulfate in pregnancy

Magnesium sulfate controls convulsions and blood pressure in toxemia of pregnancy.

Progesterone's role in pregnancy

Progesterone relaxes the uterus and prevents premature labor.

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Nifedipine's mechanism

Nifedipine inhibits calcium influx into uterine muscles, relaxing them.

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Atosiban's action

Atosiban blocks oxytocin receptors in the uterus.

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Contraindication for eta2-agonists

Hypertension is a major contraindication for using eta2-agonists for labor suppression.

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Intra-amniotic Dinoprostone risk

Intra-amniotic injection of Dinoprostone may cause cardiovascular collapse if it leaks into circulation.

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Oxytocin's labor induction preference

Oxytocin is preferred for labor induction because it specifically contracts the uterus's fundus and body, not affecting fetal descent.

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Oxytocin vs. methyl-ergometrine in postpartum

Oxytocin is preferable over methyl-ergometrine in postpartum hemorrhage as it doesn't interfere with fetal descent.

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Oxytocin's role in obstetrics and gynecology

In obstetrics and gynecology, oxytocin functions as a hormone for ovulation induction.

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Oxytocin's effect on placental blood flow

Oxytocin induces relaxation between uterine contractions, facilitating placental blood flow.

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Study Notes

Dysmenorrhea and Tocolytics

  • Indomethacin is used for dysmenorrhea relief and exhibits a tocolytic effect by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis.
  • The main adverse effect of NSAIDs like indomethacin when used as tocolytics is potential risk of premature closure of the ductus arteriosus in the fetus.

Uterine Smooth Muscle Effects

  • Magnesium sulfate is administered via IV infusion, acting as a depressant on uterine smooth muscle, controlling convulsions and blood pressure during toxemia of pregnancy.
  • The hormone relaxin induces relaxant effects on the uterus, inhibits cytokine production, and is applied in the treatment of threatened abortion.

Mechanisms of Action

  • Calcium channel blockers, such as nifedipine, inhibit the influx of Ca$^{2+}$ into myometrial cells to provide uterine relaxation.
  • Antagonists to oxytocin competitively block oxytocin receptors in the uterus, preventing premature contractions.

Contraindications and Risks

  • Selective $eta_2$-agonists as uterine relaxants are contraindicated in patients with cardiovascular issues due to the risk of adverse effects.
  • If a drug escapes into circulation after intra-amniotic injection, it may lead to severe cardiovascular collapse.

Induction of Labor and Postpartum Hemorrhage

  • Oxytocin is preferred for labor induction as it effectively stimulates uterine contractions while maintaining fetal welfare.
  • During postpartum hemorrhage, oxytocin is favored over methyl-ergometrine due to a safer profile and reduced side effects.

Oxytocin in Obstetrics and Gynecology

  • Oxytocin serves as a crucial drug in obstetrics and gynecology for its roles in stimulating labor and managing postpartum hemorrhage.
  • It plays a significant role in maintaining placental blood flow during labor by promoting coordinated contractions and reducing excessive bleeding.

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Description

Test your knowledge on drugs used as abortifacients and uterine relaxants, including their side effects and administration methods. Learn about common side effects like uterine pain, nausea, and vomiting, as well as the risks associated with intra-amniotic injections. Explore different tocolytics that inhibit uterine contractions.

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