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Questions and Answers
What is the primary characteristic of delusions?
What is the primary characteristic of delusions?
- A rational fear of a specific situation
- A fleeting thought that is easily forgotten
- A false fixed belief not corrected by reasoning (correct)
- A shared belief among others
Which of the following is an example of an abnormality of form of thinking?
Which of the following is an example of an abnormality of form of thinking?
- Delusions in psychosis
- Obsessions
- Neither of the above (correct)
- Not specified in the text
What is the main difference between delusions and overvalued ideas?
What is the main difference between delusions and overvalued ideas?
- The text does not provide enough information to determine the difference (correct)
- Delusions are fleeting, while overvalued ideas are persistent
- Delusions are not shared by others, while overvalued ideas are
- Delusions are shared by others, while overvalued ideas are not
Which of the following is not an example of an abnormality of content of thinking?
Which of the following is not an example of an abnormality of content of thinking?
What is the term for a recurring, intrusive thought or image that is distressing to the individual?
What is the term for a recurring, intrusive thought or image that is distressing to the individual?
In which psychological condition are memory flashbacks commonly seen?
In which psychological condition are memory flashbacks commonly seen?
What is the term for a persistent and excessive fear of a specific object or situation?
What is the term for a persistent and excessive fear of a specific object or situation?
What is the term for a recurring, negative thought pattern that is distressing to the individual?
What is the term for a recurring, negative thought pattern that is distressing to the individual?
Which of the following is an example of an abnormality of content of thinking that is characterized by a false sense of danger or threat?
Which of the following is an example of an abnormality of content of thinking that is characterized by a false sense of danger or threat?
What is the primary distinction between abnormalities of form of thinking and abnormalities of content of thinking?
What is the primary distinction between abnormalities of form of thinking and abnormalities of content of thinking?
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Study Notes
Abnormalities of Form of Thought
- Formal Thought Disorders (FTD) or disorganized speech can be assessed by evaluating the thought process, specifically goal-directedness.
Goal-Directedness Abnormalities
- Circumstantiality: overinclusion of unnecessary details, with a sequential connection, eventually returning to the original subject or question.
- Tangentiality: failure to return to the original point, with irrelevant and insignificantly related thoughts.
Abnormalities of Association
- Loosening of association: difficulty seeing connections between thoughts.
- Incoherence (word salad, schizophasia): extreme loss of association.
- Clang associations: associations based on alliteration, rhyming, or assonance.
- Punning: associations based on double meanings.
Idiosyncratic Language Use
- Neologism: private symbolism in language use.
- Cryptolalia: the use of obscure or private language.
Repetition Abnormalities
- Stereotypy (vocal and verbal): repetitive or ritualistic utterances.
- Verbigeration: repetition of stereotyped phrases.
- Perseveration: repetition of words or phrases despite stimulus absence or cessation.
- Echolalia: repetition of words spoken by others.
- Palilalia (auto-echolalia): repetition of one's own words.
- Logoclonia: repetition of a word's last syllable.
- Coprolalia: repetition of obscene language.
Abnormalities of Flow of Thought
- Flight of ideas: rapid speech, frequent topic shifts, commonly seen in manic patients.
Abnormalities of Content of Thought
- Delusions: false, fixed beliefs not corrected by reasoning, not shared by others.
- Obsessions
- Phobias
- Overvalued ideas
- Anxious apprehension
- Depressive rumination
- Memory flashbacks (in PTSD)
- Preoccupations
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