Abiogenesis and Prebiotic Chemistry Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the age of the Earth approximately?

  • ~ 3.5 billion years
  • ~ 4.55 million years
  • ~ 4.55 billion years (correct)
  • ~ 1 billion years

Which of the following is NOT an essential characteristic of modern life as mentioned in the text?

  • Proteins are made up of 20 amino acids
  • DNA (or RNA) used to store information
  • Life is based on gaseous solutions (correct)
  • Life is cellular

What is the main flow of energy in modern life as mentioned in the text?

  • Formation and hydrolysis of DNA bonds
  • Formation and hydrolysis of RNA bonds
  • Formation and hydrolysis of ATP bonds (correct)
  • Formation and hydrolysis of glucose bonds

Which of the following is NOT a major atom in modern life as mentioned in the text?

<p>Helium (He) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are ribosomes as mentioned in the text?

<p>Sites of protein synthesis (translation) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do modern cells frequently use for chemical reactions as mentioned in the text?

<p>ATP (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process that allows for mutations in biological systems?

<p>Descent with modification (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'origin view' of life suggest?

<p>Life is a process that can perpetuate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the old debate about 'simplest forms' of life?

<p>Metabolism vs replication (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are viruses known for?

<p>Using host cell's metabolism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a sign of biological carbon assimilation?

<p>Enrichment of 12C compared to 13C in carbon deposits (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do microfossils from Australia resemble?

<p>Filamentous cyanobacteria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are stromatolites?

<p>&quot;Geological formations&quot; built by microbial communities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to the formation of stromatolites?

<p>&quot;Biological activities&quot; (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

"Archaean Banded Iron" is associated with which geological concept?

<p>&quot;Early life&quot; (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

"Biological systems yield similar but not necessarily identical progeny" due to what allowance?

<p>&quot;Allowance for mutations&quot; (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an essential characteristic of modern life?

<p>Formation and hydrolysis of phosphate bonds (ATP) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main flow of energy in modern life as mentioned in the text?

<p>Formation and hydrolysis of phosphate bonds (ATP) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to the formation of stromatolites as mentioned in the text?

<p>Chemical reactions inside cell frequently use catalysts (enzymes) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are ribosomes as mentioned in the text?

<p>Sites of protein synthesis (translation) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do modern cells frequently use for chemical reactions as mentioned in the text?

<p>Catalysts (enzymes) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'origin view' of life suggest according to the text?

<p>Genetic takeover and the RNA world (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the 'origin view' of life and the modern biological view of life?

<p>The 'origin view' focuses on the role of metabolism, while the modern biological view focuses on the role of replication. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible explanation for the controversial nature of microfossils?

<p>They are often mistaken for geological formations that resemble them. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the formation of stromatolites?

<p>They are layered aggregations formed by trapping, binding, and cementation of sedimentary materials driven by metabolic activities. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a distinguishing feature of viruses in relation to their interaction with host cells?

<p>They utilize host cells' metabolism for replication but do not affect the host cells. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary evidence for 'early life' mentioned in the text?

<p>.Discovery of microfossils resembling cyanobacteria. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor contributing to the conservative nature of biochemical evolution mentioned in the text?

<p>The universal genetic code and translation mechanism shared by DNA and RNA. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes 'abiotic replicators' from 'simple genetic replicators'?

<p>.Abiotic replicators include crystals and clay, while simple genetic replicators primarily involve nucleic acids. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of organisms can exist if the environment provides 'metabolism/resources' as mentioned in the text?

<p>Replicators utilizing host cells' metabolism for perpetuation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'descend with modification' concept emphasize in relation to evolution?

<p>Biological systems yielding similar but not necessarily identical progeny due to allow mutations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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