Abiogenesis and Prebiotic Chemistry Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the age of the Earth approximately?

  • ~ 3.5 billion years
  • ~ 4.55 million years
  • ~ 4.55 billion years (correct)
  • ~ 1 billion years

    • Which of the following is NOT an essential characteristic of modern life as mentioned in the text?

  • Proteins are made up of 20 amino acids
  • DNA (or RNA) used to store information
  • Life is based on gaseous solutions (correct)
  • Life is cellular

    • What is the main flow of energy in modern life as mentioned in the text?

  • Formation and hydrolysis of DNA bonds
  • Formation and hydrolysis of RNA bonds
  • Formation and hydrolysis of ATP bonds (correct)
  • Formation and hydrolysis of glucose bonds

    • Which of the following is NOT a major atom in modern life as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Helium (He)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are ribosomes as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Sites of protein synthesis (translation)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do modern cells frequently use for chemical reactions as mentioned in the text?

    <p>ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process that allows for mutations in biological systems?

    <p>Descent with modification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the 'origin view' of life suggest?

    <p>Life is a process that can perpetuate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the old debate about 'simplest forms' of life?

    <p>Metabolism vs replication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are viruses known for?

    <p>Using host cell's metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a sign of biological carbon assimilation?

    <p>Enrichment of 12C compared to 13C in carbon deposits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do microfossils from Australia resemble?

    <p>Filamentous cyanobacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are stromatolites?

    <p>&quot;Geological formations&quot; built by microbial communities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to the formation of stromatolites?

    <p>&quot;Biological activities&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "Archaean Banded Iron" is associated with which geological concept?

    <p>&quot;Early life&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "Biological systems yield similar but not necessarily identical progeny" due to what allowance?

    <p>&quot;Allowance for mutations&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an essential characteristic of modern life?

    <p>Formation and hydrolysis of phosphate bonds (ATP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main flow of energy in modern life as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Formation and hydrolysis of phosphate bonds (ATP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to the formation of stromatolites as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Chemical reactions inside cell frequently use catalysts (enzymes)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are ribosomes as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Sites of protein synthesis (translation)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do modern cells frequently use for chemical reactions as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Catalysts (enzymes)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the 'origin view' of life suggest according to the text?

    <p>Genetic takeover and the RNA world</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between the 'origin view' of life and the modern biological view of life?

    <p>The 'origin view' focuses on the role of metabolism, while the modern biological view focuses on the role of replication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible explanation for the controversial nature of microfossils?

    <p>They are often mistaken for geological formations that resemble them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the formation of stromatolites?

    <p>They are layered aggregations formed by trapping, binding, and cementation of sedimentary materials driven by metabolic activities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a distinguishing feature of viruses in relation to their interaction with host cells?

    <p>They utilize host cells' metabolism for replication but do not affect the host cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary evidence for 'early life' mentioned in the text?

    <p>.Discovery of microfossils resembling cyanobacteria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main factor contributing to the conservative nature of biochemical evolution mentioned in the text?

    <p>The universal genetic code and translation mechanism shared by DNA and RNA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes 'abiotic replicators' from 'simple genetic replicators'?

    <p>.Abiotic replicators include crystals and clay, while simple genetic replicators primarily involve nucleic acids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of organisms can exist if the environment provides 'metabolism/resources' as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Replicators utilizing host cells' metabolism for perpetuation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the 'descend with modification' concept emphasize in relation to evolution?

    <p>Biological systems yielding similar but not necessarily identical progeny due to allow mutations</p> Signup and view all the answers

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