ABEn 141 Farm Tractors Quiz

Agricultural and Biosystems Power Engineering (ABEn 141)

• Course: ABEn 141 Agricultural and Biosystems Power Engineering
• Semester: 1st Semester, A.Y. 2024-2025
• Institution: Visayas State University

Lesson 15: Farm Tractors

• Course: ABE 41 Agricultural and Biosystems Power Engineering
• Instructor: Dr. Omar F. Zubia, UPLB
• Topic: Farm Tractors

Learning Outcomes

• Define tractor and its classification
• Identify 2-wheel tractors by function
• Identify 4-wheel tractors by horsepower rating
• Identify common tractor symbols based on PAES standards

Tractor

• Derived from the Latin word trahere, meaning "to draw"
• A mechanical device powered by an engine, ranging from 3 hp to over 100 hp
• Equipped with a transmission system that creates high torque on its wheels for pulling farm implements
• Equipped with a hydraulic system for lifting and operating farm implements

Tractor Classification

• 1. Two-Wheel Tractor:

  • Single-axle machine powered by an engine from 3 to 15 hp
  • Also known as walking tractors or hand tractors
  • First introduced in the Philippines from Japan in the 1960s for wetland rice cultivation
  • Used for land preparation, planting, cultivating, harvesting, and transport
  • Classification by Function:
    • Traction/Pull Type: Fitted with pneumatic tires for dry land, steel cage wheels for wet land, single or double bottom moldboard plows, and comb-tooth harrows
    • Rotary Type: Rotary blades attached to the wheel axle for dry land or front axle for wet land, often with floating devices for deep mud
    • General Purpose Type: Fitted with a drawbar for traction and a power take-off (PTO) for rotary work; often involves a detachable rotavator assembly powered by the PTO, with steering clutches and multiple speed transmissions including reverse.

• 2. Four-Wheel Tractor:

  • Double-axle machine powered by an engine from 15 to over 100 hp
  • Introduced to the Philippines during the American occupation for large-scale sugar cane production
  • Power Delivery: Power delivered as draft at the drawbar, rotary at the PTO, and lifting at the hydraulic system
    • Implements mounted on the hydraulic-controlled three-point hitch system
  • Types:
    • Two-Wheel Drive (2WD): Power supplied only to the rear wheels; suited for dry, level terrains; simpler design, lower cost, and lower maintenance; ideal for light-duty tasks and fields with good soil conditions
    • Four-Wheel Drive (4WD): Power distributed to all four wheels, increasing traction and stability; suited for rough, uneven, muddy, or sloped terrains; more complex design and higher initial cost; ideal for heavy-duty tasks, pulling large implements, and working in challenging conditions
  • Classification by Horsepower:
    • Compact Type: Below 32 hp
    • Standard Type: Above 32 hp (Further categorized by specific horsepower ranges like 32-49 hp, 50-69 hp, 70-89 hp, and 90 hp and above, distinguishing light, light-medium, medium, and heavy tractor types respectively)

Tractor Categories (4-Wheel)

• Drawbar Power: Ranges specified for categories I to IV
• Lift Force: Ranges in lbs (kN) are also given for categories I to IV.

Roll-Over Protective Structure (ROPS)

• Two-Post ROPS
• Four-Post ROPS (Frame with Optional Canopy, Cab)

Commonly Used Tractor Symbols (PAES 105:2000)

• Various symbols illustrated

Test your knowledge on farm tractors in Agricultural and Biosystems Power Engineering. This quiz covers tractor classification, types of tractors, and their functionalities. Enhance your understanding of tractors as essential farm equipment according to PAES standards.