Podcast
Questions and Answers
What feature allows for the visibility of the kidneys on an abdominal X-ray?
What feature allows for the visibility of the kidneys on an abdominal X-ray?
- Natural contrast with surrounding fat (correct)
- Being located near the stomach
- Their shape and size
- Their proximity to the liver
Where is the spleen located in relation to the left kidney on an abdominal X-ray?
Where is the spleen located in relation to the left kidney on an abdominal X-ray?
- To the right side
- Distantly lateral
- Immediately inferior
- Immediately superior (correct)
How does the appearance of the bladder change on an abdominal X-ray?
How does the appearance of the bladder change on an abdominal X-ray?
- It always appears filled
- It has a variable appearance depending on how full it is (correct)
- It remains constant regardless of fullness
- It becomes indistinguishable when empty
Which of the following bones is NOT typically visible on an abdominal X-ray?
Which of the following bones is NOT typically visible on an abdominal X-ray?
What serves as a landmark for the course of the ureters in an abdominal X-ray?
What serves as a landmark for the course of the ureters in an abdominal X-ray?
What is the most common projection used for an abdominal X-ray?
What is the most common projection used for an abdominal X-ray?
What is the upper limit of the normal diameter for the small intestine?
What is the upper limit of the normal diameter for the small intestine?
Which soft tissue organ is visible in the right upper quadrant on an abdominal X-ray?
Which soft tissue organ is visible in the right upper quadrant on an abdominal X-ray?
Which muscle's edge is typically visible on an abdominal X-ray?
Which muscle's edge is typically visible on an abdominal X-ray?
What constitutes the '3/6/9 rule' in abdominal X-ray interpretation?
What constitutes the '3/6/9 rule' in abdominal X-ray interpretation?
Which of the following statements about abdominal X-rays is true?
Which of the following statements about abdominal X-rays is true?
Which of the following can be visible on an abdominal X-ray in some cases?
Which of the following can be visible on an abdominal X-ray in some cases?
Where do the psoas muscles originate from?
Where do the psoas muscles originate from?
Flashcards
Kidneys on X-ray
Kidneys on X-ray
Kidneys are often visible on abdominal X-rays due to the contrast between their density and the surrounding retroperitoneal fat.
Spleen location
Spleen location
The spleen is located in the left upper quadrant, above the left kidney.
Bladder appearance on X-ray
Bladder appearance on X-ray
The bladder's X-ray appearance varies based on its fullness.
Bones visible on abdominal Xray
Bones visible on abdominal Xray
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Bone landmarks for soft tissue
Bone landmarks for soft tissue
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Vesico-ureteric junctions and landmarks
Vesico-ureteric junctions and landmarks
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Sacroiliac joint structure
Sacroiliac joint structure
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Abdominal X-ray Projection
Abdominal X-ray Projection
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Normal Gas Pattern (Abdomen)
Normal Gas Pattern (Abdomen)
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Soft Tissue Organs (Abdomen)
Soft Tissue Organs (Abdomen)
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Liver (Abdomen X-ray)
Liver (Abdomen X-ray)
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Lung Bases (Abdomen X-ray)
Lung Bases (Abdomen X-ray)
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Psoas Muscles (Abdomen X-ray)
Psoas Muscles (Abdomen X-ray)
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3/6/9 Rule
3/6/9 Rule
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Supine AP
Supine AP
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Study Notes
Abdominal X-ray Projections
- Different projections can be used for abdominal X-rays
- Most common is supine or erect anterior-posterior projection
- X-ray passes through the patient from front to back
Normal Abdominal X-ray (AP View)
- Shows organs and structures
- Includes the liver, spleen, kidneys, psoas muscles, and bladder
Interpretation of Normal Gas Pattern
- Gas/air in the bowel lumen provides contrast
- Bowel size (small, colon, caecum) can vary
- Distended bowels are easier to discern
- Normal 3/6/9 cm rule (upper limits for small bowel/colon/caecum)
Soft Tissues
- Liver, spleen, kidneys, psoas muscles, and lung bases are visible
- Liver in the right upper quadrant (RUQ)
- Liver's edge forms the right hemi-diaphragm contour
- Other structures may overlap or be obscured
Lung Bases in Abdominal X-ray
- Lung bases may be visible, lying behind the liver and diaphragm
- May be visible in posterior sulcus of thorax
Psoas Muscles on an Abdominal X-ray
- The psoas muscles arise from lumbar vertebrae and combine with iliacus muscles
- Form the iliopsoas tendon attaching to the lesser trochanter of the femur
- Appear as a near straight lateral edge on X-ray
Kidneys on Abdominal X-ray
- Visible due to natural contrast between kidneys and surrounding low-density retroperitoneal fat
Spleen on Abdominal X-ray
- Lies in the upper left quadrant, superior to the left kidney
Urinary Bladder on Abdominal X-ray
- Bladder appearance varies based on fullness
Bones on Abdominal X-ray
- Visible bones include ribs, lumbar spine, sacrum, coccyx, pelvis, and proximal femurs
- Bones can help locate soft tissue structures (e.g., ureters)
- Sacroiliac joint is formed by overlapping of the sacrum and iliac bones
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Description
This quiz covers the various projections used in abdominal X-rays, with a focus on the normal anterior-posterior view. It delves into the interpretation of gas patterns, identification of soft tissues, and visibility of lung bases. Test your knowledge on how to analyze and understand these critical imaging elements in abdominal radiology.
