Abdominal Muscles Quiz

Muscles of the Head and Neck

• Cleidomastoid: Originates from the clavicle and inserts into the mastoid process, actions include turning and lowering the head.
• Clavodeltoid: Originates from the clavicle and clavotrapezius, inserts into the ulna, and flexes the forearm.
• Masseter: Originates from the zygomatic arch and inserts into the posterior half of the lateral surface of the mandible, elevating the lower jaw.
• Temporalis: Originates from the superior nuchal line to the zygomatic process and inserts into the coronoid process of the mandible, elevating the lower jaw.
• Digastric: Originates from the jugular and mastoid process, inserts into the mandible, and lowers the lower jaw.
• Mylohyoid: Originates from the cricoid cartilage of the larynx and inserts into the hyoid bone, raising the floor of the mouth and pulling the hyoid forward.
• Geniohyoid: Originates from the medial surface of the mandible near the symphysis and inserts near the symphysis, pulling the hyoid forward.
• Thyrohyoid: Originates from the sternum and inserts into the thyroid cartilage, pulling the larynx posteriorly.
• Sternothyroid: Originates from the thyroid cartilage and inserts into the posterior horn of the hyoid bone, pulling the hyoid posteriorly and raising the ribs and sternum.
• Sternohyoid: Originates from the stylohyal bone of the hyoid and inserts into the thyroid cartilage, raising the hyoid.
• Cricothyroid: Originates from the cricoid cartilage and inserts into the thyroid cartilage, tensing the vocal cords.

Muscles of the Upper Back, Shoulder, and Back of the Neck

• Latissimus dorsi: Originates from the spines of thoracic and lumbar vertebrae and inserts into the intertubular groove of the humerus, pulling the arm dorsally and caudally.
• Trapezius group:
  • A.Spinotrapezius: Originates from the spine of thoracic vertebrae and spines of scapula, inserts into the spines of scapula, and pulls the scapula dorsally and caudally.
  • B.Acromiotrapezius: Originates from the spines of cervical and thoracic vertebrae and inserts into the spine and metacromion process of the scapula, drawing the scapula dorsally and holding it together.
  • C.Spinotrapezius: Originates from the superior nuchal line and inserts into the clavicle, drawing the clavicle dorsally and cranially.
• Levator scapulae ventralis: Originates from the occipital bone and transverse process of atlas and inserts into the metacromion process and clavicle, drawing the scapula cranially.
• Rhomboideus:
  • A.Rhomboideus major: Originates from the neural spine of thoracic vertebrae and inserts into the vertebral border of the scapula, drawing the scapula dorsally and medially.
  • B.Rhomboideus minor: Originates from the neural spines of thoracic vertebrae and inserts into the vertebral border of the scapula, drawing the scapula dorsally and medially.
  • C.Rhomboideus capitis: Originates from the lamboidial ridge (superior nuchal line) and inserts into the vertebral border of the scapula, drawing the scapula cranially and rotating it.
• Splenius: Originates from the neural spines of thoracic vertebrae and inserts into the lamboidal ridge, turning and raising the head.
• Supraspinatus: Originates from the supraspinous fossa of the scapula and inserts into the greater tuberosity of the humerus, extending the humerus.
• Acromiodeltoid: Originates from the acromion process of the scapula and inserts into the deltoid ridge of the humerus, flexing and rotating the humerus.
• Spinodeltoid: Originates from the spine of the scapula and inserts into the deltoid ridge of the humerus, flexing and rotating the humerus.
• Infraspinatus: Originates from the infraspinous fossa of the scapula and inserts into the deltoid ridge of the humerus, flexing and rotating the humerus.

Abdominal Muscles

• External Oblique: Originates from the lumbodorsal fascia and inserts into the sternum and costal cartilages, compressing the abdomen.
• Internal Oblique: Originates from the lumbodorsal fascia and inserts into the linea alba, compressing the abdomen.
• Transverse abdominis: Originates from the lumbodorsal fascia and inserts into the linea alba, compressing the abdomen.
• Rectus Abdominis: Originates from the pubic symphysis and inserts into the sternum and costal cartilages, compressing the abdomen.

Muscles of the Neck and Throat

• Pectoantebrachialis: Originates from the manubrium and inserts into the fascia of the forearm, drawing the arm toward the chest.
• Pectoralis major: Originates from the sternum and median, ventral raphe and inserts into the humerus, drawing the arm toward the chest.
• Xiphihumeralis: Originates from the xiphoid process and inserts into the humerus, drawing the arm toward the chest.
• Sternomastoid: Originates from the median raphe and manubrium and inserts into the skull from the lambdoid ridge to the mastoid process.