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Questions and Answers
What was the duration of Umayyad rule from 661 A.D. to 750 A.D.?
What was the duration of Umayyad rule from 661 A.D. to 750 A.D.?
- 100 years
- 120 years
- 50 years
- 90 years (correct)
What led to violent revolts against the Umayyad rule at Palestine and Hims?
What led to violent revolts against the Umayyad rule at Palestine and Hims?
- Unequal treatment of the Arabs (correct)
- Religious conflicts
- Struggle between the Mudarites and Himayarites
- Economic recession
What was the result of the continual struggle between the Mudarites and Himayarites?
What was the result of the continual struggle between the Mudarites and Himayarites?
- United the empire
- Weakened the strength of the empire (correct)
- Led to economic growth
- Strengthened the empire
Why were non-Arabian and Persian Muslims dissatisfied with the Umayyad rule?
Why were non-Arabian and Persian Muslims dissatisfied with the Umayyad rule?
What was the expectation of non-Arabian and Persian Muslims in terms of social and economic status?
What was the expectation of non-Arabian and Persian Muslims in terms of social and economic status?
What was one of the factors contributing to the consciousness of non-Arabian and Persian Muslims?
What was one of the factors contributing to the consciousness of non-Arabian and Persian Muslims?
Who is considered the founder of the Abbasid dynasty?
Who is considered the founder of the Abbasid dynasty?
Which city was made the new capital after the Abbasid revolution?
Which city was made the new capital after the Abbasid revolution?
Who was defeated by Abu Muslim at Nasabin?
Who was defeated by Abu Muslim at Nasabin?
Who was treacherously put to death while having an audience with the Caliphal court?
Who was treacherously put to death while having an audience with the Caliphal court?
Who ruthlessly crushed the revolt of the disgruntled Shi’ah, headed by Ibrahim and Muhammad?
Who ruthlessly crushed the revolt of the disgruntled Shi’ah, headed by Ibrahim and Muhammad?
Where was Muhammad killed and gibbeted?
Where was Muhammad killed and gibbeted?
Who became active after the Abbasid revolution?
Who became active after the Abbasid revolution?
Who formed the caliphal bodyguard after the Abbasid revolution?
Who formed the caliphal bodyguard after the Abbasid revolution?
Who was replaced by a hierarchy of officers drawn from different nationalities under the caliphate?
Who was replaced by a hierarchy of officers drawn from different nationalities under the caliphate?
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Study Notes
Umayyad Rule and its Downfall
- The Umayyad rule lasted from 661 AD to 750 AD.
- Violent revolts against the Umayyad rule broke out in Palestine and Hims due to the discriminatory policies of the Umayyad caliphs.
Rivalries and Dissatisfaction
- The continual struggle between the Mudarites and Himayarites led to further instability and dissatisfaction.
- Non-Arabian and Persian Muslims were dissatisfied with the Umayyad rule because they were denied equal social and economic status.
- They expected to be treated as equals, but were instead discriminated against.
Factors Contributing to Consciousness
- One of the factors contributing to the consciousness of non-Arabian and Persian Muslims was the unequal treatment by the Umayyad rulers.
Abbasid Dynasty
- Abu al-Abbas as-Saffah is considered the founder of the Abbasid dynasty.
- After the Abbasid revolution, the new capital was established in Baghdad.
Key Events and Figures
- Abu Muslim defeated Marwan II at Nasabin.
- Ibrahim, the leader of the disgruntled Shi’ah, was killed and gibbeted in Baghdad.
- Abu al-Abbas as-Saffah ruthlessly crushed the revolt of the disgruntled Shi’ah.
- The Abbasid revolution led to the emergence of a new class of theologians and scholars.
Changes in the Caliphate
- After the Abbasid revolution, the Turkish bodyguard was replaced by a hierarchy of officers drawn from different nationalities under the caliphate.
- The Abbasid caliphs formed a new caliphal bodyguard.
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