Podcast
Questions and Answers
What are explanatory fictions?
What are explanatory fictions?
- Hypothetical constructs that can be measured
- Observed fictitious variables that contribute nothing to understanding variables responsible for maintaining bx (correct)
- Real variables involved in behavior analysis
- Observable behaviors that explain actions
What is a hypothetical construct?
What is a hypothetical construct?
- A presumed but unobserved entity that cannot be measured (correct)
- A method of behavior analysis
- A type of reinforcement
- A directly observable behavior
Define contiguity.
Define contiguity.
When 2 stimuli occur close together in time resulting in an association of those stimuli.
Who are the 3 authors that published the dimensions of ABA in the 1st edition of JABA?
Who are the 3 authors that published the dimensions of ABA in the 1st edition of JABA?
What is ontogeny?
What is ontogeny?
What is phylogeny?
What is phylogeny?
What are the 3 principles of behavior?
What are the 3 principles of behavior?
What are the 4 branches of behavior analysis?
What are the 4 branches of behavior analysis?
What are the 2 matching to sample procedures?
What are the 2 matching to sample procedures?
Who is Ivan Pavlov?
Who is Ivan Pavlov?
Who is Burrhus Skinner?
Who is Burrhus Skinner?
Who is John Watson?
Who is John Watson?
What are the 2 sources that influenced Skinner's radical behaviorism?
What are the 2 sources that influenced Skinner's radical behaviorism?
Define habituation.
Define habituation.
What is the primary unit of analysis in ABA?
What is the primary unit of analysis in ABA?
List 9 main UMOs.
List 9 main UMOs.
What is circular reasoning?
What is circular reasoning?
What are the 2 primary types of behavior?
What are the 2 primary types of behavior?
Define respondent-operant interaction.
Define respondent-operant interaction.
How does contiguity apply to respondent and operant conditioning?
How does contiguity apply to respondent and operant conditioning?
What is discriminated avoidance?
What is discriminated avoidance?
What is Free operant avoidance?
What is Free operant avoidance?
What are the 3 types of stimulus classes?
What are the 3 types of stimulus classes?
What is the most common type of negative reinforcement?
What is the most common type of negative reinforcement?
What does reinforcement strengthen?
What does reinforcement strengthen?
Define automatic reinforcement.
Define automatic reinforcement.
What are stimuli?
What are stimuli?
What is automaticity?
What is automaticity?
What is a motivating operation?
What is a motivating operation?
List the 5 types of positive reinforcers.
List the 5 types of positive reinforcers.
What are the 3 types of nervous systems?
What are the 3 types of nervous systems?
Define spontaneous recovery.
Define spontaneous recovery.
What is response blocking?
What is response blocking?
Define extinction.
Define extinction.
What is verbal analog conditioning?
What is verbal analog conditioning?
What is positive punishment?
What is positive punishment?
What is negative punishment?
What is negative punishment?
Is extinction the same as ignoring?
Is extinction the same as ignoring?
What is stimulus control?
What is stimulus control?
Define masking.
Define masking.
What is overshadowing?
What is overshadowing?
What is operant extinction?
What is operant extinction?
What is respondent extinction?
What is respondent extinction?
List the 3 types of extinction.
List the 3 types of extinction.
What is sensory extinction also known as?
What is sensory extinction also known as?
What is escape extinction also known as?
What is escape extinction also known as?
What are the 3 dimensional qualities?
What are the 3 dimensional qualities?
What is repeatability?
What is repeatability?
Define temporal extent.
Define temporal extent.
Define temporal locus.
Define temporal locus.
What are the 3 fundamental properties of behavior change?
What are the 3 fundamental properties of behavior change?
What are the 5 types of ABA graphs?
What are the 5 types of ABA graphs?
What is the difference between shaping and fading?
What is the difference between shaping and fading?
What is an extinction burst?
What is an extinction burst?
What is stimulus salience?
What is stimulus salience?
What are the 3 ways to measure timing?
What are the 3 ways to measure timing?
What are the 3 dimensional quantities that can be measured?
What are the 3 dimensional quantities that can be measured?
Define reliability.
Define reliability.
What is accuracy?
What is accuracy?
What is validity?
What is validity?
Define methodological behaviorism.
Define methodological behaviorism.
Who created methodological behaviorism?
Who created methodological behaviorism?
What is another name for respondent conditioning?
What is another name for respondent conditioning?
What is objectivity?
What is objectivity?
Why does a good scientist remain skeptical?
Why does a good scientist remain skeptical?
What is Watsonian behaviorism?
What is Watsonian behaviorism?
What is another name for the 3-term contingency, and who created it?
What is another name for the 3-term contingency, and who created it?
Which branch of behavior consists of the 3-term contingency?
Which branch of behavior consists of the 3-term contingency?
What is a response class?
What is a response class?
What is a stimulus class?
What is a stimulus class?
Study Notes
Key Concepts in ABA
- Explanatory Fictions: Unverified fictitious variables that do not contribute to understanding behavior maintenance.
- Hypothetical Constructs: Unobservable entities presumed to exist but cannot be measured.
- Contiguity: The association formed when two stimuli are presented closely in time.
- Dimensions of ABA: Defined by Baer, Wolfe, and Risley.
- Ontogeny: Refers to the individual's lifetime development.
- Phylogeny: The evolutionary history of species.
- Principles of Behavior: Include punishment, extinction, and reinforcement.
- Branches of Behavior Analysis: CASE (Clinical, Applied, Systems, Experimental).
Behavior Conditioning
- Types of Conditioning:
- Classical conditioning, pioneered by Ivan Pavlov with dogs.
- Operant conditioning, developed by Burrhus Skinner, focusing on radical behaviorism.
- Behavior Types: Distinction between respondent and operant behavior.
- Respondent-Operant Interaction: Simultaneous processes of both conditioning types.
- Discriminated Avoidance: A contingency where a response in the presence of a signal prevents stimulus presentation.
- Free Operant Avoidance: Responses made before a stimulus prevent its occurrence without any warning.
Measurement and Analysis
- Stimulus Classes: Divided into formal, temporal, and functional categories.
- Types of Reinforcement: Positive reinforcement can strengthen various aspects such as rate, duration, or magnitude of behavior.
- Types of Nervous Systems: Proprioceptive, interoceptive, and exteroceptive.
- Behavior Change Graphs: Five types include line, bar, scatterplot, standard celeration chart, and cumulative record.
Behavior Modification Techniques
- Shaping vs. Fading: Shaping alters response requirements, while fading modifies antecedent stimuli.
- Extinction Burst: Initial increased frequency of responding when extinction is first applied.
- Stimulus Control: Responses are reinforced in the presence of a specific stimulus (SD) and not in absence (S delta).
Self-Management and Training
- Self-Monitoring: A technique where an individual records their own behavior occurrences.
- Habit Reversal: Method to reduce unwanted habits by identifying precursors and engaging alternative behaviors.
- Self-Directed Systematic Desensitization: Gradual exposure to a feared situation while substituting behaviors.
Theoretical Foundations and Critiques
- Radical Behaviorism: Includes the consideration of private events in behavior understanding.
- Methodological Behaviorism: Focuses on observable behavior, excluding private events.
- Philosophic Doubt: Scientists maintain skepticism to ensure objective inquiry.
- Mentalism: Inner dimension thought to influence behavior, often critiqued in behavior analysis.
Reinforcement Schedules and Strategies
- Schedules of Reinforcement: Can be continuous, intermittent, or extinction.
- Differential Reinforcement: Reinforcing only a subset of responses that meet specific criteria.
- Token Economy: A reinforcement system using tokens for target behaviors.
Behavioral Equivalence
- Stimulus Equivalence: Involves reflexivity, symmetry, and transitivity in response to stimuli.
Behavioral Measurement
- Fundamental Properties of Behavior Change: Level, trend, and variability are crucial for analyzing behavior change.
- Reliability, Validity, and Accuracy: Important metrics in measurement, ensuring consistency and true reflection of behavior.
Key Terms and Definitions
- Controlled Response: Refers to the target behavior itself.
- Response Class: A group of responses that have a common function.
- Stimulus Class: A grouping of stimuli that share similar effects on behavior.
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Prepare for the ABA exam with these flashcards that cover essential terms and definitions. Enhance your understanding of key concepts like explanatory fictions and hypothetical constructs essential for behavioral analysis. Perfect for students aiming to excel in their exam.
