AAC - Communication Overview
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Questions and Answers

What does AAC stand for?

  • Augmentative and Alternative Communication (correct)
  • Alternative and Accessible Communication
  • Aided and Augmented Communication
  • Assisted and Adaptive Communication

    • Unaided communication includes using external aids such as graphic symbols.

    False

    What is iconicity in relation to symbols?

    Iconicity means that the symbol has an image value.

    Communication is the exchange of information between at least _____ partners.

    <p>two</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their correct definitions:

    <p>Aided communication = The use of aids external to the communicator's body Unaided communication = Communication established without external aids Language = A socially shared code with rules for communication Speech = A modality for expressing language through sounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of AAC in communication?

    <p>To support individuals in expressing what they want to say</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Symbols used in AAC must always be arbitrary.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the first step in the pathway from intention to articulation.

    <p>Having an intention.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key benefit of using word prediction systems in AAC expression?

    <p>Accelerated speed of expression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Direct access refers to users having indirect control over their communication devices.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one type of speech generating device.

    <p>Speech generating devices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The process of using small objects that symbolize real-life items is referred to as ______ symbols.

    <p>tactile</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following modalities with their descriptions:

    <p>Visual modality = Use of graphic symbols Tangible modality = Use of small objects Vocalization = Production of vocal sounds Eye gaze = Fixating on an element to communicate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these strategies is NOT considered an expressive strategy in AAC?

    <p>Hibernation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Communication boards are recognized as one of the newest AAC tools.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of keystroke economy in assistive communication?

    <p>To minimize the number of keystrokes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of AAC processes according to the sender-message-receiver model?

    <p>Enhancing access facilitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Augmented speech typically requires less effort compared to typical speech.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two types of access discussed in the context of AAC?

    <p>Physical access and mental access</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In AAC, the rate of typical speech is measured at approximately _____ words per minute.

    <p>200</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can aid in improving mental access for AAC users?

    <p>Visualizing information on a display board</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Lexicon size refers to the number of lexical items necessary for fluent communication.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might AAC users experience a slowdown in utterance speed?

    <p>Due to the increased effort required for augmented speech</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following components with their corresponding descriptions:

    <p>Physical access = Observable behaviors for message production Mental access = Internal processes related to comprehension Lexicon accessibility = Ease of finding functional words Intentionality = Efforts to establish behavioral understanding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following exemplifies non-dedicated devices used in AAC?

    <p>Cell phones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mental access only involves the physical behaviors required to convey a message.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of the communication partner in the success of an AAC system?

    <p>The communication partner provides strategic feedback and ensures effective use of the AAC system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The process of __________ involves the retrieval of symbols and planning of the utterance.

    <p>mental access</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following communication strategies with their definitions:

    <p>Symbol Retrieval = Finding the appropriate symbol to convey a message Feedback = Responses that help clarify and acknowledge understanding Icon Sequencing = Arranging icons in a specific order to construct a message Physical Access = The actual behaviors needed to express a planned message</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cognitive process is significant when using AAC?

    <p>Word finding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Effective communication requires adapting one's communication style according to the receiver's needs.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the receiver in AAC communication?

    <p>The receiver actively listens, interprets the message, and provides feedback.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does avatar technology primarily represent?

    <p>A graphical character representing a person</p> Signup and view all the answers

    With advancements in AAC technology, users are becoming more clinician directed.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is neuro-prosthetics?

    <p>A discipline that helps impairments with motor, sensory, and cognitive functions using internal body operations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Recent advancements in technology have made AAC devices more ______ and ______.

    <p>portable, affordable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following technologies with their descriptions:

    <p>Smart house technology = Automation of home devices for easier living Gesture recognition = Interpreting human gestures via computer algorithms Speech-generating devices = Devices that convert text to spoken language AAC devices = Assistive tools for communication support</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the role of assistive technology?

    <p>To aid individuals in everyday functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    One-message generating devices are most beneficial for advanced communicators.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should remain central when considering the benefits of AAC devices?

    <p>An evidence-based model of message generation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    AAC - Communication

    • AAC is an integral part of therapeutic intervention, making communication accessible for individuals with complex communication needs.
    • Aided Communication: Utilizes external aids for communication. Examples include graphic symbols, speech generating devices, and communication boards.
    • Unaided Communication: Relies on internal communication mechanisms without external aids. Examples include natural speech, sign language, and gesturing.

    Terminology and Definitions

    • Communication: Exchange of information between at least two parties.
    • Language: A structured code for communication, encompassing phonology (sounds), morphology (word structure), and syntax (sentence structure).
    • Speech: A modality of language production, utilizing vocal expression to articulate sounds and words.
    • Symbol: Represents an object, person, or idea, acting as a referential tool.

    Learnability of Symbols

    • Iconicity: Symbols with visual representation.
    • Transparency: Direct understanding of a symbol's meaning based on its visual representation.
    • Translucency: Meaning becomes apparent after initial clarification.
    • Arbitrariness: Symbols have no intrinsic visual connection to their meaning.

    A Model for AAC - Communication

    • Sender encodes a message using AAC tools.
    • Receiver decodes the message.
    • The model describes characteristics of AAC communication and highlights potential limitations of the encoding process.

    AAC as Sender Support

    • Facilitates communication by simplifying the process from Intention to Articulation.
    • AAC users must navigate two lexicons: an internal lexicon (mental vocabulary) and an external lexicon (device's vocabulary).

    AAC System Understanding

    • The Sender-Message-Receiver model provides a framework for understanding AAC processes.
    • AAC intervention focuses on facilitating access, enhancing ease of comprehension and use.

    Access

    • Physical Access: Facilitates observable behaviors for initiating communication.
    • Mental Access: Fosters comprehension and access to information, often through structuring and simplifying information.
    • Portability: Ensures accessibility of communication tools in various environments.

    Sender Access Facilitation

    • Intentionality: Establishing a relationship between behaviors and resulting responses.
    • Lexicon Accessibility: Ensuring easy retrieval of high-frequency words.
    • Lexicon Size: Determines the extent to which fluent and effective communication is possible.
    • Message Assembly Techniques: Utilizing pre-stored phrases and word prediction to accelerate communication.
    • Message Externalizing: Selecting appropriate modalities and expressive strategies for communication.

    Communication Modalities

    • Visual: Graphic symbols, pictures.
    • Tangible: Small objects passed between sender and receiver.
    • Vocal: Sounds.
    • Eye Gaze: Looking at a specific element.
    • Gestures: Movements of the body or arms.
    • Touch: Pointing or contact with objects.
    • Typing: Using a keyboard or other device.
    • Brain Activity: Brain-Computer Interaction (BCI)

    Communication Tools

    • Speech Generating Devices: Utilize synthesized or digitized speech for communication.
    • Communication Boards & Symbol Displays: Visual aids with symbols for communication.
    • Tactile Symbols: Objects used for communication.
    • Switches: Single-movement responses used for communication.
    • Non-Dedicated Devices: Adapting everyday devices (cell phones, computers, tablets) for communication.

    Cognitive Processes in AAC

    • Word Finding: Retrieving words from memory.
    • Motor Patterns: Using physical movements to activate AAC tools.
    • Pattern Recognition: Identifying and using patterns of symbols and messages.

    Message Transmission

    • Multimodality: Incorporating various communication modalities.
    • Materialization Principle: Transforming thoughts into tangible outputs.

    The Receiver's Role

    • Understanding the Message: Active listening and interpretation.
    • Providing Feedback: Acknowledging and clarifying the message.
    • Adapting Communication Style: Adjusting communication strategies for optimal understanding.
    • Encouragement and Support: Showing interest and empathy.

    Assistance of Communication Partners

    • Facilitate Access: Setup, maintenance and modeling.
    • Support Navigation: Assistance with device usage and model use.
    • Encourage Effective Use: Engagement and feedback.
    • Create a Supportive Environment: Facilitate effective communication.

    Points to Remember

    • Communication partners play a crucial role in successful AAC.
    • Access facilitation: enhances, accelerates, or provides alternative strategies.
    • Cognitive processes are essential for symbol retrieval, message assembly, and short-term memory management.
    • AAC utilizes intentionality, lexicon, message assembly, externalizing, behaviors, and tools for successful communication.

    Mental and Physical Access

    • Mental Access: Conceptualizing messages, retrieving symbols, and planning utterances.
    • Physical Access: Behaviors required to convey planned messages.

    Access Facilitation

    • Reinforces, accelerates, or circumvents typical speech processes.
    • Combines physical behaviors and internal processes for communication.

    Symbol and Message Selection

    • Screen navigation and icon sequencing utilize different cognitive processes.

    Integration of Non-Communication Technologies

    • Smart House Technology: Integration with home automation systems.
    • Avatar Technology: Graphical representation of the individual to convey communication.
    • Smart Assistants: Use of speech-generating devices for verbal communication.

    Conclusions

    • Technological advancements have made AAC devices more powerful and accessible.
    • Evaluating the functionalities of AAC devices based on the communication process stages is crucial.

    Assistive Technology

    • Uses tools to aid individuals in everyday life.
    • Requires information, training, modeling, counseling, and feedback for effective implementation.

    Recent Technological Advancements in AAC

    • Devices are becoming more portable, affordable, and easier to access.
    • Mobile computing devices are increasingly user-driven, offering more independence for users.

    Neuro-Prosthetics

    • Aims to aid motor, sensory, and cognitive functions using internal body control.

    One-Message-Generating Devices

    • Beneficial for learning intentional communication.

    Developing Intervention Plans

    • Progress from simple one-message devices to more complex ones.

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    Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) - A General Introduction PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers the fundamentals of Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) and the terminology surrounding communication, language, and speech. Understanding aided and unaided communication methods is essential for therapeutic interventions that accommodate individuals with complex communication needs.

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