أعضاء التكاثر والتطور الزهري
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Questions and Answers

ما هي الأعضاء التناسلية الذكرية في الزهرة؟

  • السبلات والتويج
  • الأسدية والحامل (correct)
  • المبيض والندبة
  • البتلات والأكليل
  • ما هي الأعضاء التناسلية الأنثوية في الزهرة؟

  • المبيض والندبة والحامل (correct)
  • الأسدية والحامل
  • البتلات والسبلات
  • الثمرة والبذور
  • ما هي وظيفة المبيض في الزهرة؟

  • إنتاج حبوب اللقاح
  • حماية البتلات والسبلات
  • نقل حبوب اللقاح إلى الندبة
  • إنتاج البذور (correct)
  • ما الذي يحدث للمبيض بعد عملية الإخصاب؟

    <p>يتحول إلى ثمرة</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ما هي وظيفة الحامل في الزهرة؟

    <p>نقل حبوب اللقاح إلى الندبة</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ما الجزء الرئيسي في الزهرة الذي يلتقط حبوب اللقاح القادمة؟

    <p>الصمغة</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ما الهدف الرئيسي من تطور الثمار المختلفة في النباتات؟

    <p>حماية البذور وضمان بقاء النبات</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ما الذي يحدث للمبيض بعد عملية الإخصاب؟

    <p>ينمو المبيض ويتحول إلى ثمرة</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ما الذي يحدث للأعضاء التناسلية الذكرية (الأسدية) خلال نمو الزهرة؟

    <p>تنمو الأسدية وتنتج حبوب اللقاح الناضجة</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ما الذي يحدث للأعضاء التناسلية الأنثوية (المدقة) خلال نمو الزهرة؟

    <p>تنمو المدقة وتصبح أكثر بروزًا</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Flowers have evolved over millions of years to optimize their chances of successful pollination and reproduction. They are essential for sexual reproduction in most plants and play a crucial role in plant survival. This article will delve into the components of flowers that facilitate reproduction, including male and female reproductive organs, specialized structures to protect seeds, and the transformation of floral parts during development.

    Reproductive Organs in Flowers

    Flowers consist of four main whorls: sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels. Stamens are the male reproductive organs, while carpels are the female reproductive organs. Stamens are composed of two parts: filaments, which support the stamen, and anthers, where pollen is produced. Anthers contain antheridia, which produce microspores, which develop into pollen grains. Pollen is transferred from one flower's stamen to another flower's stigma, resulting in cross-pollination and fertilization.

    Carpels, on the other hand, are the female reproductive organs of a flower. A carpel consists of three main parts: the ovary, the style, and the stigma. Ovaries are enclosed within the sepals and petals and are composed of one to many ovules, each containing a single egg cell. Ovules mature into seeds after fertilization by pollen. The style is a slender stalk connecting the stigma to the ovary, allowing pollen tubes to grow through it towards the developing seed. Finally, the stigma is the sticky surface on top of the ovary that captures incoming pollen grains.

    Special Structures to Protect Seeds

    Some flowers possess specialized structures designed to protect their seeds from predators and environmental factors. One such example is the fruit, which develops from the ovary after fertilization. Fruits are classified based on their mode of development, with some fruits like berries and drupes being fleshy and juicy, providing energy reserves to the embryo inside. Other fruits like nuts and pods are dry, hard-shelled structures that protect the developing seed. These protective structures increase the chance of survival for the seeds and, subsequently, the next generation of the plant species.

    Transformation of Floral Parts During Development

    The process of flower development involves the coordinated growth and differentiation of various floral parts. Initially, primordial floral buds form at leaf axils, and these buds develop into the characteristic floral structure. As the flower matures, the reproductive organs undergo radical changes in morphology and function. For instance, stamens elongate, producing mature pollen grains, and anthers dehisce, releasing their contents. Similarly, ovaries expand to accommodate growing ovules, styles lengthen, and stigmas become more prominent. These changes ultimately facilitate successful pollination and seed development.

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    Description

    هذا المقال يستكشف أجزاء الزهور التي تسهل التكاثر، بما في ذلك الأعضاء التناسلية الذكرية والأنثوية، والهياكل المتخصصة لحماية البذور، وتحويل أجزاء الزهور خلال التطور. يشمل المقال أيضًا كيفية تحقيق التلقيح المتقاطع وتطوير البذور بعد التلقيح.

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