Ch.5 Network Software Review

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0 AND UP, NOVELL USED ITS OWN ______, DERIVED FROM XEROX’S XNS PROTOCOLS

IPX

TCP/IP SUITE This Layer 7 protocol performs the same functions as Microsoft ______ and the Novell NCP

SMB

A network operating system is really only good by itself on a small peer-to-peer system, or perhaps a very small ______ system

server-based

Network operating systems will establish a set of services to handle network management and networks will have their own, or some other vendor’s, ______ service

directory Signup and view all the answers

AN AD DOMAIN CONTROLLER AUTHENTICATES AND AUTHORIZES ALL USERS AND COMPUTERS IN A WINDOWS DOMAIN NETWORK, ASSIGNING AND ENFORCING SECURITY ______ FOR ALL COMPUTERS AND INSTALLING OR UPDATING SOFTWARE

POLICIES Signup and view all the answers

AD uses the LDAP ______

structures Signup and view all the answers

Trust Relationships are important elements in an AD environment, as they enable forests, and the domains they represent, to communicate with ______

each other Signup and view all the answers

AN ORGANIZATIONAL UNIT IS A CONTAINER WHICH GIVES A DOMAIN ITS HIERARCHY AND STRUCTURE IT IS USED FOR EASE OF ADMINISTRATION AND TO CREATE AN AD STRUCTURE IN THE COMPANY’S GEOGRAPHIC OR ORGANIZATIONAL ______

TERMS Signup and view all the answers

AD is integrated with DNS and requires DNS to be present to function, as Microsoft no longer supports nor DOMAIN NAMING SYSTEM recommends using their ______ server

WINS Signup and view all the answers

Automation systems are now and if not now may eventually be tied into one of these AD servers and then be dependent on its functioning and ______

availability Signup and view all the answers

The evolution and development of computer-based automation technologies, smart devices, and subsystems had, by the 1990s, produced a lot of proprietary ______

designs Signup and view all the answers

OPC IS TYPICALLY IMPLEMENTED BY ADDING “OPC GATEWAYS” TO SYSTEMS THAT CANNOT DIRECTLY SUPPORT OPC, HAVING THESE GATEWAYS COMMUNICATE IN THE NATIVE PROTOCOL OF THE SYSTEM, AND THEN ACTING AS EITHER OR BOTH AN OPC CLIENT AND OPC SERVER TO OTHER SYSTEMS AND ______

DEVICES AND OTHER OPC GATEWAYS Signup and view all the answers

UNFORTUNATELY, INTEROPERABILITY BETWEEN THEM IS OFTEN DIFFICULT TO ACCOMPLISH COMMERCIAL SYSTEMS THE VARIOUS APPLICATION MODELS WERE DISCUSSED IN ______ 2

CHAPTER Signup and view all the answers

A PROPRIETARY PRESENTATION MEANS ) WOULD PRESENT THE INFORMATION TO THE USER USER SERVICES WOULD INTERFACE BETWEEN THE BUSINESS RULES AND THE PRESENTATION, USUALLY BY PRESENTING HOOKS TO THE RESIDENT OPERATING SYSTEM USING THE ______ S TA N D ALONE SYSTEMS

GUI Signup and view all the answers

The advantage of the thick client is this: if the primary database server is unavailable and the client is attached to another database server, then the business rules for the client are intact The problem with the two-tier model is that it has no way of distributing functions Since the functions on a three-tier model may be spread out over three or more machines, the three-tier model is just a subset of the ______ model

n-tier Signup and view all the answers

The n-tier model in figure 5-2 uses an Internet perspective and technologies, such as web servers/browsers, which can and are being used in current industrial automation system designs The process control field has traditionally used the three-tier model for distributed control, using a sole-source proprietary system or mixed stores ) to put together a distributed control system ______

N -T I E R Signup and view all the answers

The business rules server may very well use a process like Microsoft’s ActiveX Data Objects that requests data and receives responses from the database ______ server

N -T I E R Signup and view all the answers

The application model and Internet n-tier technologies have already revolutionized office systems by coming closer to the goal of providing simple, universal, and platform-independent access to corporate ______

data Signup and view all the answers

However, Internet technologies have established themselves on company ______

Intranets Signup and view all the answers

THERE IS NEITHER THE SPACE NOR THE REQUIREMENT FOR A DETAILED EXPLANATION, SO ONLY SOME SALIENT FACTS ABOUT DATA COMMUNICATIONS APPLICATIONS WILL BE DISCUSSED ALONG WITH A FEW OF THE MORE POPULAR NETWORK OPERATING ______

SYSTEMS Signup and view all the answers

MICROSOFT WINDOWS HAS THE LARGEST MARKET SHARE OF DESKTOP SYSTEMS AND HAS MADE SIGNIFICANT INROADS INTO THE SERVER BUSINESS, PARTICULARLY IN PROCESS CONTROL MICROSOFT FA M I LY O F WINDOWS PRODUCTS IT ACQUIRED ITS SHARE BY OFFERING REASONABLY-PRICED SOFTWARE THAT WOULD DO 90% OF WHAT MOST PEOPLE WANTED AT LEAST 90% OF THE TIME THROUGH AN EASY-TO-USE ______

INTERFACE Signup and view all the answers

Windows 3.1 was a 16-bit system with a ______ glued onto Microsoft DOS

GUI Signup and view all the answers

Since the last version of this book, Microsoft has introduced a number of operating systems: Windows Vista, circa PC O P E R AT I N G ______, ; Windows 7, circa 2009, ; and Windows 8, circa 2012, and 8.1, circa 2013

SYSTEMS Signup and view all the answers

A server uses the underlying desktop operating system core base; however, because its purpose is to share resources, it requires different software applications ______

and hardware than the basic operating system on a desktop Signup and view all the answers

In this chapter we discuss network operating systems and some software ancillary to the core network operating systems. The specific systems selected for discussion here were chosen because they made the best possible illustration of the variety of system types available given the unusually contentious atmosphere surrounding discussions of network operating systems and particular types of industrial control systems, the authors hasten to add that the opinions expressed here are their own, not those of any organization, and that they have neither received, nor will receive, compensation of any type for their comments for or against any network operating system. Introduction O B J E C T __________ programs

oriented Signup and view all the answers

To start a chapter on network operating systems, there is a need to build some definitions and discuss the modern goals of software design. Object-oriented programming is a good place to begin discussing network operating systems. Their advantages include: reduced development time, better organization of programming efforts, and reusable code. Today, any modern network system used in either commercial or industrial applications should be object-oriented and have a good “object model”. Object-oriented programs have classes of objects. The concept of “class” can be explained by an example: a class of objects known as ________

Dog Signup and view all the answers

This object-orientedness enables software to be built out of components, rather than be all original or new each time. O B J E C T __________ programs

oriented Signup and view all the answers

Distributed control systems and supervisory control and data acquisition systems ) have long used a basic object model concept. In most OOP programming, the objects are created by the program and cease to exist when the program ________

terminates Signup and view all the answers

Although this is a book about industrial data communications, most of the systems used in the industrial environment had their start in the commercial world. At present, that world is divided into several camps, all of which give the impression that they are ________

standards-based Signup and view all the answers

In this chapter we discuss network operating systems and some software ancillary to the core network operating systems. The specific systems selected for discussion here were chosen because they made the best possible illustration of the variety of system types available given the unusually contentious atmosphere surrounding discussions of network operating systems and particular types of industrial control systems, the authors hasten to add that the opinions expressed here are their own, not those of any organization, and that they have neither received, nor will receive, compensation of any type for their comments for or against any network operating system. The authors have neither received, nor will receive, compensation of any type for their comments for or against any network operating system. Introduction ________ programs

Object-oriented Signup and view all the answers

Object-oriented programming is a good place to begin discussing network operating systems. Their advantages include: reduced development time, better organization of programming efforts, and reusable code. Today, any modern network system used in either commercial or industrial applications should be object-oriented and have a good “object ________”

model Signup and view all the answers

Introduction Object-oriented programs. To start a chapter on network operating systems, there is a need to build some definitions and discuss the modern goals of software design. Object-oriented programming is a good place to begin discussing network operating systems. Their advantages include: reduced development time, better organization of programming efforts, and reusable ________

code Signup and view all the answers

Introduction Object-oriented programs. Object-oriented programs have classes of objects. The concept of “class” can be explained by an example: a class of objects known as ________

Dog Signup and view all the answers

Object-orientedness enables software to be built out of components, rather than be all original or new each time. Object-oriented ________

programs Signup and view all the answers

Although this is a book about industrial data communications, most of the systems used in the industrial environment had their start in the commercial world. At present, that world is divided into several ________, all of which give the impression that they are “standards-based.

camps Signup and view all the answers

Microsoft developed a protocol to run on top of Ethernet to provide basic messaging services and to name resolution services. They added another application layer on top of NetBIOS, called Server Message Blocks, to enable file and printer sharing among PCs. NetBEUI is both a protocol extension of NetBIOS and an application programming interface with a naming convention and a way of interfacing network hardware and Microsoft's ______ network software.

NetBEUI Signup and view all the answers

The big push commercially is “cloud” computing, this is an effort to again penetrate the subscription market. Office 365 is a good example of an application living in the cloud; for a monthly fee you have an up-to-date, patched version of Office. The problem is that most users of control systems are reluctant to base operating their control systems over the Internet. EMBEDDED O P E R AT I N G SYSTEMS. WINDOWS CE WAS MICROSOFT’S ENTRY INTO THE SMALL-FOOTPRINT OPERATING SYSTEMS MARKET FOR PERSONAL DIGITAL ASSISTANTS AND SUB-NOTEBOOKS, INCLUDING TABLETS. IT HAS FOUND APPLICATIONS IN INDUSTRY BECAUSE OF ITS LOW RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS AND ITS ABILITY TO INTERFACE EASILY WITH ITS KIN. MICROSOFT HAS MADE A BIG MARKETING PUSH TO HAVE WINDOWS CE, OR A SELECTIVE COMBINATION OF CE OBJECTS, ON WIRELESS PHONES, COPIERS, AND OFFICE EQUIPMENT OF ANY DESCRIPTION. WINDOWS CE 5.0 BECAME WINDOWS EMBEDDED CE 6.0 , A COMPONENTIZED OPERATING SYSTEM DESIGNED TO POWER SMALL-FOOTPRINT DEVICES SUCH AS: TV SETTOP BOXES. WINDOWS-EMBEDDED CE 2013 WAS RELEASED IN JUNE 2013 AND WILL BE SUPPORTED UNTIL OCTOBER. The Microsoft family of embedded operating systems includes: Windows Embedded Standard 7, released in 2010, is based on Windows 7 and includes features such as Aero, SuperFetch, ReadyBoost, BitLocker Drive Encryption, ______, Windows Firewall, Windows Defender, address space layout randomization, Windows Presentation Foundation, Silverlight 2, and Windows Media Center, among several other packages. Windows Embedded Automotive is an embedded operating system based on Windows CE for use on computer systems in automobiles.

BitLocker Drive Encryption Signup and view all the answers

UNIX, which has been around for over 40 years, has had time to mature. UNIX vendors are far less numerous now because many have consolidated and partnered in the past few years, resulting UNIX in fewer language variants. UNIX has suffered through the years from each vendor’s lack of sufficient market share, preventing mass-marketing of their software. ______

Linux Signup and view all the answers

Linux is an open-source clone of UNIX. Open-source does not necessarily mean free, only that the source code is available. In most of its distributions, Linux has a good reputation as an application server and its total cost of ownership rivals or, in some cases, betters that of Windows. While there are many good Linux programs that will do at least some of what the users want, most programming firms, which are in business to make money from programming services, do not want to give away software or intellectual property rights, as is required by some of the open-source Linux license agreements. There are a number of problems with using open source programs, particularly with concern to both financial and operational liability of an open-source industrial program. Apparently, Novell will do the open-source things while Microsoft will make Windows work better with ______—a win-win for users, if it works out. In 2011, Microsoft and SUSE, an independent business unit of The Attachmate Group Inc., announced a 4-year extension of the groundbreaking agreement struck nearly 5 years before, between Microsoft and Novell, for broad collaboration on Windows and Linux interoperability and support. This relationship will extend through 1 January 2016, with Microsoft committed to invest $100 million in new SUSE Linux Enterprise certificates for customers receiving Linux support from SUSE. Another popular release of Linux-based systems is Ubuntu, which is applicable wherever Linux computers can be used.